APPRECIATEとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Originated 1645–55; from Medieval Latin appreciātus (“valued or appraised”), later variant of Late Latin appretiātus (“appraised”), the perfect passive participle of appretiō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from a(d) (“toward”) +‎ preti(um) (“price”) +‎ -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix).

Cognate to French apprécier. Latin root also origin of English appraise, which has various Romance cognates; see also precious.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) IPA: /əˈpɹiː.ʃi.eɪt/, /əˈpɹiː.si.eɪt/, /əˈpɹɪʃ.i.eɪt/
• (General Australian) IPA: /ˈəˈpɹiː.ʃi.æɪt/
• ハイフネーション: ap‧pre‧ci‧ate
• The pronunciation with /ʃ/ is the result of regressive assimilation, where the transition between the unstressed /i/ and the following vowel generates a phonetic palatal glide [j] that pulls the tongue back toward the hard palate during the production of the alveolar sibilant. While this sequence fully collapses in words with weak suffixes (such as social), the unstressed /i/ and its subsequent glide are retained here to preserve metrical rhythm before the secondarily stressed suffix -ate. The pronunciation with /s/ preserves the unassimilated sibilant. See w:Phonological history of English consonant clusters#Regressive assimilation and suffix stress.

動詞

appreciate (third-person singular simple present appreciates, present participle appreciating, simple past and past participle appreciated)

1. (transitive) To be grateful or thankful for.

   Synonyms: esteem, acknowledge

   I appreciate your efforts.

   We sincerely appreciate your help.

   Any aid will be warmly appreciated.

   I'd appreciate it so much if you'd keep me abreast of developments.

   • 1958 July, R. K. Kirkland, “Into the Mountains on the Festiniog Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 453:

     Much as one appreciates the beauty of these woodlands, it was good to learn that some discreet tree-felling may open up the view still further.

2. (transitive) To view as valuable.

   Synonyms: cherish, esteem, value; see also Thesaurus:hold dear

   You must learn to appreciate time.

3. (transitive) To be fully conscious of; understand; be aware of; detect.

   Near-synonyms: realize, grasp, acknowledge

   It is essential for the reader to appreciate how important this argument is.

   I appreciate that what I'm asking you to do is very difficult.

   • 1879, John Lubbock, 1st Baron Avebury, 4th Baronet, PC, DL, FRS, FRAI, Everett Mendelsohn (Donor), “Lecture I. On Flowers and Insects.”, in Scientific Lectures‎, 2nd edition, Macmillan and Company, published 1890, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 12:

     In order then to test the power of bees to appreciate colour, I placed some honey on a slip of glass, and put the glass on coloured paper.

   • 1949, F. A. Hayek, “The Intellectuals and Socialism”, in University of Chicago Law Review, volume 16, number 3, Chicago: University of Chicago, →DOI, page 419:

     It is rather the person whose general knowledge is supposed to qualify him to appreciate expert testimony, and to judge between the experts from different fields, whose power is enhance.

   • 2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Normandy SR-2:

     Eve: You learn to appreciate the light by living in the dark.

4. (intransitive, transitive) To increase in value.

   Synonyms: bedear, endear

   Antonym: depreciate

   The value of his portfolio appreciated by 80% over eight years.

   • 1809, David Ramsay, M. D., James Akin (Engraver), “IV. Fiscal history, 1670–1808.”, in The History of South-Carolina, from Its First Settlement in 1670, to the Year 1808. In Two Volumes.‎, volume 2, Charleston, South Carolina: David Longworth, published 1809, →OCLC, page 173:

     The sanguine, flattering themselves with the delusive hopes of a speedy termination of the war, were often induced to sell lest a sudden peace should appreciate the money, in which case it was sup­po­sed they would lose the present opportunity of sell­ing to great advantage.

   • 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XIX, in Romance and Reality. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 234:

     Laughter may be generally classed under three heads,—forced, silly, or vulgar; but hers is the most sweet, real, spirituelle sound possible—it so appreciates the wit, which it increases as it catches—it speaks of spirits so fresh, so youthful!

使用する際の注意点

• This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (-ing). See Appendix:English catenative verbs

別の表記

• appretiate (archaic)
• 'preciate (pronunciation spelling)

派生語

関連する語

• appraise
• appreciation
• appreciative
• precious

参照

• “appreciate”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
• “appreciate”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• "appreciate" in the Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary (Beta Version), K Dictionaries limited, 2000-2006.
• “appreciate”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• "appreciate" in WordNet 2.0, Princeton University, 2003.