groomとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

1604, short for bridegroom (“husband-to-be”), from Middle English brydgrome, alteration (with intrusive r) of earlier bridegome (“bridegroom”), from 古期英語 brȳdguma (“bridegroom”), from brȳd (“bride”) + guma (“man, hero”). In Middle English, the second element was re-analyzed as or influenced by grom, grome (“attendant”). Guma derives from Proto-Germanic *gumô (“man, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰm̥mō; it is cognate to Icelandic gumi and Norwegian gume and, ultimately, human.

名詞

groom (複数形 grooms)

1. A man who is about to marry.

   Synonym: bridegroom

等位語

• bride
• bride-to-be

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English grom, grome (“man-child, boy, youth”), of uncertain origin. Apparently related to Middle Dutch grom (“boy”), Old Icelandic grómr, gromr (“man, manservant, boy”), Old French gromme (“manservant”), and also to Middle Dutch grom (“fish guts”), Middle Low German grôm (“fish guts”), from the same Proto-Germanic root. Possibly from 古期英語 *grōma, from Proto-West Germanic *grōmō, *grōm (“swollen belly, stomach tumour, womb-child, fish roe, fish guts”), from Proto-Germanic *grōaną (“to grow”).

Alternative etymology describes Middle English grom, grome as an alteration of gome (“man”) with an intrusive r (also found in bridegroom, hoarse, cartridge, etc.), with the Middle Dutch and Old Icelandic cognates following similar variation of their respective forms.

名詞

groom (複数形 grooms)

1. A person who looks after horses.

   Synonyms: fettler, horsekeeper, ostler, (India) sais

   • 2013 January, Brian Hayes, “Father of Fractals”, in American Scientist‎^[1], volume 101, number 1, page 62:

     Toward the end of the war, Benoit was sent off on his own with forged papers; he wound up working as a horse groom at a chalet in the Loire valley. Mandelbrot describes this harrowing youth with great sangfroid.

2. One of several officers of the English royal household, chiefly in the lord chamberlain's department.

   the groom of the chamber; the groom of the stole

3. (archaic) A male servant, or more generally, a common man.
   • c. 1589–1590, Christopher Marlo[we], edited by Tho[mas] Heywood, The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Ievv of Malta. […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for Nicholas Vavasour, […], published 1633, →OCLC, Act I:

     The needy groom, that never finger'd groat,
     Would make a miracle of thus much coin …

4. A brushing or cleaning, as of a dog or horse.

   Give the mare a quick groom before you take her out.

派生語

動詞

groom (三人称単数 現在形 grooms, 現在分詞 grooming, 過去形および過去分詞形 groomed)

1. To attend to one's appearance and clothing.
2. (transitive) To care for (horses または other animals) by brushing and cleaning them.
3. (transitive) To prepare (someone) for an event
   • 1912, The Contest for California in 1861: How Colonel E.D. Baker Saved the Pacific States to the Union, page 51

     It appears that Broderick's seconds, although cool, brave men, were entirely without experience in arranging a duel, and did not know that a man should be groomed for one as carefully as a horse is groomed for a race.

4. (transitive) To prepare (someone) for election or appointment.
   • 1953, The President's Report to the Board of Regents for the Academic Year page 146

     It is of special interest to note the subjects considered as important to those who are being groomed for top administrative posts

   • 2002, Clone High episode 1 - "Escape to Beer Mountain: A Rope of Sand"

     Our mission is to unfreeze those clones, send them back to high school, and secretly groom them to one day rule the world. Failure to do so could mean world leaders just keep getting worse.

   • 2009, Dani Johnson, Grooming the Next Generation for Success
   • 2013 May 11, “What a waste”, in The Economist‎^[2], volume 407, number 8835, page 12:

     India is run by gerontocrats and epigones: grey hairs and groomed heirs.

5. (transitive) To attempt to gain the trust of a minor with the intention of luring them into a sexual relationship.
   • 2009, Suzanne Ost, Child Pornography and Sexual Grooming: Legal and Societal Responses
6. (transitive, software engineering) In agile software development, to review and prioritize the items in the development backlog.
7. (transitive) To prepare (a ski slope) for skiers by packing down the snow.

派生語

• groomed
• groomer
• groomery
• grooming
• bridegroom
• overgroom

Further reading

• Groom in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

アナグラム

• Mogor