「Remained」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(59ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

My own complete happiness, and the home-centred interests which rise up around the man who first finds himself master of his own establishment, were sufficient to absorb all my attention, while Holmes, who loathed every form of society with his whole Bohemian soul, remained in our lodgings in Baker Street, buried among his old books, and alternating from week to week between cocaine and ambition, the drowsiness of the drug, and the fierce energy of his own keen nature. 例文帳に追加

自らのこの上ない幸福、そして初めて自分の所帯の主人となった男の周りに持ち上がる家庭を中心とした利害は私の注意をすべて奪うのに十分だったし、ホームズの方は、ボヘミアンそのものであるその精神のためにどんなものであれ社交を嫌い、ベーカー街の私たちの下宿に残って古い本に埋もれ、週ごとにコカインと野心、麻薬による惰眠と、彼本来の情熱的な性質の示す猛烈な気力の間を行きつ戻りつしていた。 - Arthur Conan Doyle『シャーロック・ホームズの冒険』

The Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance Council will hold a meeting in mid-January at the earliest. In relation to this, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and the Ministry of Finance have exchanged a memorandum of understanding on the postponement of the return of about 600 billion yen that was transferred from the former account for compulsory automobile liability insurance to the general account. The 600 billion yen, which consists of investment profits and interest related to compulsory automobile liability insurance, has remained unreturned for 20 years and the return will be delayed again, by seven years. Isn’t it necessary to review the compulsory automobile liability insurance system? 例文帳に追加

自賠責審議会が今月中旬にも開かれますけれども、これに関連して、国交省と財務省が（旧自賠責特別会計から一般会計に繰入れられた）約6,000億円の（繰り戻し延長の）覚書を交わしました。この6,000億円というのは、自賠責保険の運用益と利息なのですけれども、20年間返済されないことで、これがまた7年遅れるのですけれども、この自賠責保険のあり方というのをもう一度考える必要はないでしょうか。 - 金融庁

In 650, when a white pheasant was presented by Kokushi of Shirato Province, on the basis of a precedent in which the appearance of an uncommon bird was considered as an auspicious sign written in an isho in the Han period in China as well as in Chinese books on history, So MIN submitted a jonzui kaigen (a principle of Onmyodo which suggests a new era name be established when a phenomenon considered as a lucky omen occurs) to Emperor Kotoku urging that 'since heaven presented an auspicious sign responding to the Emperor's virtues, a general amnesty should be granted to the entire nation,' thereby the imperial era name was changed Hakuchi (white pheasant) and he remained in an important post until his death in 653. 例文帳に追加

その後も、650年（大化6年）に白戸国司から白い雉が献上された際、珍鳥出現の祥瑞を中国漢代の緯書の語句と中国の史書に見られる先例を根拠に「帝徳が天に感応して現われた祥瑞であるから天下に大赦するべきである」と孝徳天皇に祥瑞改元（吉兆とされる現象をもって新しい年号をたてるべきであるとする陰陽道思想）を上申して取りいれられ、元号が白雉と改められるなど、653年（白雉4年）に病没するまで重用された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

As for the status of the operation of Mizuho Bank's system, the exchange transaction processing system is functioning normally and over-the-counter services at retail branches as well as the operation of ATMs have returned to normal. Although I was hoping that the problem would be resolved during the three-day weekend, some services remained disrupted. However, the other day, I received a report that Internet and other transactions had all returned to normal. 例文帳に追加

しかし、一応みずほ銀行のシステムの稼動状況については、為替取引の処理システムについては正常に稼動していること、また営業店の窓口業務・ATMなどの通常の業務運営も正常化していることなど、しばらくは前には、3日間連休がございまして、あの間に完全に復旧していただければありがたいというふうに私は思っておりましたけれども、なかなかそうはいきませんで、まだ一部サービスの不都合が解消していないということでございましたが、この前きちんと、確かインターネットによる取引なども全部正常に復帰したという報告を受けておりました。 - 金融庁

Meanwhile, it is believed that the reason why Yorimichi fulfilled his duty as Ichi no kami (the head of high court officials) jointly with Sanesuke without leaving the position of Kanpaku against the court custom of the time and declined to be promoted to the office of Daijo-daijin (Grand minister of state), which had remained vacant after the death of FUJIWARA no Kinsue, until after the death of Sanesuke, was that he was afraid of the possibility that Sanesuke, promoted to the office of Sadaijin after Yorimichi, might come into conflict with Yorimichi and lead all ministers as Ichi no kami (the office of Ichi no kami was normally assumed by the Sadaijin, while Kanpaku and Daijo-daijin did not perform the duty as Ichi no kami, and if the Sadaijin also served as Kanpaku, Udaijin was normally appointed as Ichi no kami). 例文帳に追加

その一方で、当時の慣例に反して頼通が関白のまま実資と共同で一上の職務を行い、藤原公季の死去により空席になった太政大臣への昇進を頼通が実資の死後まで控えたのは、実資が頼通の後任の左大臣に昇進することで、一上として太政官を率いて頼通と対抗することを恐れたからだとも言われている（一上には通常左大臣が就任して、関白及び太政大臣はその職務には携わらず、左大臣が関白を兼ねる場合には右大臣が一上となる慣例であった）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Notwithstanding the entry into force of this Convention, an individual who was entitled to the benefits of Article 19 or 20 of the Convention between Japan and the United States of America for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income, signed on March 8, 1971 (hereinafter referred to as “the prior Convention”) at the time of the entry into force of this Convention shall continue to be entitled to such benefits until such time as the individual would cease to be entitled to such benefits if the prior Convention remained in force. 例文帳に追加

この条約の効力発生の時において千九百七十一年三月八日に東京で署名された所得に対する租税に関する二重課税の回避及び脱税の防止のための日本国とアメリカ合衆国との間の条約（以下この条において「旧条約」という)第十九条又は第二十条の規定による特典を受ける権利を有する個人は、この条約が効力を生じた後においても、旧条約がなお効力を有するとした場合に当該特典を受ける権利を失う時まで当該特典を受ける権利を引き続き有する。 - 財務省

Especially before and after the political change on August 18, the samurai of the Choshu Domain, people loyal to the Emperor who remained in Kyoto such as Chuzaburo TERAJIMA and Genzui KUSAKA, had contacted various Taifu of Arisugawanomiya or aides many times, such as Yoshikaze AWAZU and Shigeyuki MAEKAWA through the former Bishamon do aides, Shutaro FURUTAKA (KOTAKA), who pretended to be a business man and named 'Kiemon MASUYA,' they had contact by organizing to have a place for secret meeting, or they both exchanged secret messengers in hiding to each others, Prince Taruhito ordered Awazu and Maekawa to send a letter of consolation to the Chief retainer of a feudal lord of Choshu Domain, Kanenobu MASUDA. 例文帳に追加

特に八月十八日の政変の前後からは、商人を装い「枡屋喜右衛門」を名乗っていた元毘沙門堂家臣・古高俊太郎を仲介者として、寺島忠三郎や久坂玄瑞ら京に残った勤王派の長州藩士達が、粟津義風・前川茂行といった有栖川宮の諸大夫や家臣達と複数回にわたり接触し、両者の間で密会の場を設けたり密使を潜伏させあうなどの交際を行っているほか、熾仁親王は粟津や前川に命じ、長州藩家老の益田兼施宛に慰問の書状を出させたりしている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

The chosen universities as places for the meetings were Kyoto University, Doshisha University and Ritsumeikan University (the then campus was located at Hirokoji-dori Street, the west shore of the Kamo-gawa River of Yodogawa River system in Kyoto City), however, Kyoto University authorities (President Shunjiro HATTORI) didn't permit the use of classroom number one of the faculty of law and economics, and called the police to remove protesting students, as a result, an explosive atmosphere remained between the authorities and the students, especially the students' association 'Dogakukai' of Kyoto University (although the Dogakukai had been forced to dissolve after the Kyodai Tenno Incident of 1951, in the early summer of 1953 it had just been reorganized by a vote in which all the students had been involved). 例文帳に追加

会場となった3大学は京都大学・同志社大学・立命館大学（当時の校地は鴨川(淀川水系)西岸の広小路通(京都市)に所在していた）各大学であったが、このうち京都大学では会場に予定されていた法経一番教室の使用を大学当局（服部峻治郎学長）が認めようとせず、警官隊導入により抗議する学生を排除するなどしていたため当局と学生自治会である同学会（1951年の京大天皇事件の結果解散をよぎなくされ、この年の初夏、学生による全学投票を経て再建されたばかりであった）との間には険悪な雰囲気が漂っていた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Shogunal forces hunted down and executed the ringleaders of the Incident and recaptured the sword, but the Grand Jewels remained with the Gonancho forces who fled in 1457, the surviving retainers of the Akamatsu clan - which had been crushed in the Kakitsu Rebellion of 1441 - including Taro ISHIMI, Tatewaki NIUNOYA, and Mitsuyoshi KOZUKI, wishing to restore the Akamatsu clan's fortunes, went to the Gonancho headquarters at Kitayama near the provincial borders of Yamato and Kii Provinces (possibly referring to modern-day Kamikitayama village in Yoshino district, Nara Pref.), or perhaps at Sannoko (in Kawakami village of Yoshino district, Nara Pref.), and pretended to become vassals of the Gonancho before turning on them and striking down many of their forces, murdering Princes Jitenno and Tadayoshiten who were brothers and Imperial descendants of the Southern Court bloodline, before recapturing the Grand Jewels (in what became known as the Choroku Incident). 例文帳に追加

幕府軍によって変の首謀者たちが討たれ、剣が奪い返された後も神璽は後南朝に持ち去られたままであったが、1457年（長禄元年）に至って、1441年（嘉吉元年）の嘉吉の乱で取り潰された赤松氏の復興を願う赤松家遺臣の石見太郎、丹生屋帯刀、上月満吉らが、大和国・紀伊国国境付近の北山（奈良県吉野郡上北山村か）あるいは三之公（同郡川上村(奈良県)）に本拠を置いていた後南朝に臣従すると偽って後南朝勢力を襲い、南朝の末裔という自天王・忠義王兄弟を殺害して神璽を奪い返した（長禄の変）。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

Taking a long-term view of the employment structure of Japan from the late 1950s to the present, the following trends can be identified: (1) the number of workers in the agriculture, forestry and fishery sectors have consistently declined; (2) educational levels have increased consistently; (3) the number of persons employed at SMEs is increasing as at large enterprises, and the proportion of employed persons who are employed at SMEs has remained steady over the medium to longterm; and (4) while the proportion of employed persons who are employees has consistently increased and the proportion of family workers has decreased in the medium to long-term, the proportion of self-employed held steady until the end of the 1980s, since when it has continued to decline until today.例文帳に追加

我が国の就業構造については、昭和30年代以降最近までを長期的に見ると、〔1〕農林水産業従業者は一貫して減少している、〔2〕高学歴化が一貫して進んでいる、〔3〕中小企業の就業者数は基本的に大企業と同様に増加し、就業者数のうちで中小企業に就業する割合は中長期的には安定的に推移している、〔4〕就業者のうちで雇用者の割合は一貫して増加し、家族従業者の割合は中長期的に低下している一方、自営業主の割合は1980年代末まで安定的に推移した後、今日まで低下を続けている、といった傾向が認められる - 経済産業省

24. Where any application or proceeding under the regulations revoked by Schedule 2 to this Act has been filed or commenced before the commencement of this Act, or where any application or proceeding could (if those regulations remained in force) be filed or commenced after the commencement of this Act and be accorded a date before the commencement of this Act, the application or proceeding may be filed, commenced, continued, and completed as if the said regulations continued in force. Any patent granted before or after the commencement of this Act with an extension under regulation 8 of the Patents, Designs, Trade Marks, and Copyright Emergency Regulations 1940 shall be subject to the conditions which would be imposed by that regulation if it continued in force.例文帳に追加

第24条　本法第2附則により取り消された規則の規定に基づく申請若しくは手続が本法の施行前に提出若しくは開始されたとき，又は本法の施行後に(前記の規則が引き続き効力を保持する場合に) 申請若しくは手続を提出若しくは開始することができ，かつ，本法の施行前のある日付を与えることが可能であるときは，当該申請又は手続は，前記の規則が引き続き効力を有するものとして提出，開始，継続及び完備することができる。1940年特許・意匠・商標・著作権緊急規則第8条の規定に基づく期間の延長を本法執行の前後を問わず許された特許は，当該規定が引き続き効力を保持する場合に課される筈の条件に従うものとする。 - 特許庁

2. If the culture of a micro-organism ceases to be available from the institution with which it has been stored because the micro-organism is no longer viable or the institution is unable to supply samples of that culture for other reasons and the culture has not been transferred to another institution within the meaning of Article 18, first paragraph, such that it remains accessible, it shall be deemed to have remained available nevertheless if, within a period of three months after the date on which the institution or the Office has given notice that the culture is no longer available, a new deposit of a culture of the micro-organism in question is performed and a copy of the receipt of the new deposit, issued by the institution in question with designation of the number of the patent application or of the patent, is sent to the Office.例文帳に追加

(2) 微生物の培養物が，微生物がもはや生存できないか又は寄託機関がそれ以外の事由で培養物の提供ができなくなったという理由で，保存していた寄託機関から入手できなくなり，かつ，培養物が，それを引き続き入手できるようにするために，第18条(1)の意味での他の機関に移転されていない場合であっても，当該機関又は庁が培養物の分譲ができなくなった旨の通知を出してから3月以内に，当該微生物の培養物を新たに寄託し，該当する機関が発行し，特許出願又は特許番号を指定した受領書の写しが庁に送付されたときは，前記培養物は引き続き分譲可能であったものとみなされるものとする。 - 特許庁

They claim that (1) it is difficult to reduce money supply volume to an appropriate level in a short time span, for international excessive liquidity is at an extremely high level because of easy-money policies which had been maintained for many years (Figure 1.1.15), (2)funds generated by significant current account surpluses in East Asian countries and regions such as China, as well as new oil money created by crude oil prices which have soared and remained at a high level, will flow back into the US further because of the raising of interest rates in the US, and (3) it is difficult for different countries to introduce uniform tight policies because of differences in economic cycles, although for tightening the money market, it is effective for fund suppliers of respective nations to carry out tight policies in harmonization.例文帳に追加

その理由としては、①これまでの長年にわたる金融緩和政策で国際的な過剰流動性が極めて高い水準にあることから短期的には資金供給量が適正水準まで低下することは難しいこと（第1-1-15図）、②中国等の東アジア諸国・地域の大幅な経常収支黒字による資金や、原油価格の高騰・高止まりにより生じた新たなオイルマネーが米国金利引上げにより更に米国へ還流すること、③金融引締めを行うためには世界の資金供給源が協調して金融引締めを行うことが有効だが、景気サイクルの違う各国が協調して均一的な引締めを行うことは難しい、ということが指摘されている。 - 経済産業省

Put simply, the issue of over-the-counter sales of life insurance by banks frequently came up on the agenda when I was a Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) member, which remained the case for a long time. Being providers of loans to a variety of businesses and individuals, banks are always in a very dominant bargaining position. Therefore, the significant worry was the possibility of the party in such a dominant bargaining position taking advantage of it for sales purposes – for instance, making a customer purchase a life or non-life insurance product by tying it to a promise to make a loan. It was for that reason that the 2007 amendment, which approved the insurance product sales by banks in a phased-in form, was passed only after steps for the prevention of harmful practices, including non-disclosed information protection, were set in place as a sort of firewall. 例文帳に追加

簡単に言えば、これは私も自由民主党にいたときから長い間、実は生命保険の銀行の窓口での販売、窓販ということはいつも論議になりまして、銀行というのはご存じのように融資をいろいろな企業、個人にもしていますから、非常に優越的地位にあるのですね。ですから、その優越的地位にある方がそれを商売のために利用して、例えばこれを融資してやるけれども、抱き合わせでこの生命保険に入れとか損害保険に入れということをするのではないかということが大変な問題点でしたから、ですから、そこをファイアーウォールと申しますか、そういう非公開情報保護措置等の弊害防止措置を講じた上で、要するに段階的に保険商品を取扱うことが認められたのが平成19年の改正だったというふうに思っております。 - 金融庁

(3) If, as of March 31, 2001, there were any loan contracts that had been concluded by the Center pursuant to the provisions of Article 31, paragraph (1), item (i) of the Basic Technology Act prior to its revision under Article 1 of the Revised Basic Technology Act, (limited to loan contracts to which the former Organization succeeded under Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Revised Basic Technology Act) which remained unperformed as of the time of dissolution of the former Organization under Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions, NEDO may perform functions to make loans under said loan contracts and other functions incidental thereto, in addition to the functions prescribed in Article 15, until the date specified by Cabinet Order, for a period not exceeding one year from the date of dissolution of the Center under Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Revised Basic Technology Act. 例文帳に追加

３　機構は、平成十三年三月三十一日までに基盤法改正法第一条の規定による改正前の基盤法第三十一条第一項第一号の規定によりセンターが締結した貸付契約（基盤法改正法附則第二条第一項の規定により旧機構が承継したものに限る。）のうち附則第二条第一項の規定による旧機構の解散の時において、まだ、その履行を完了していないものがあるときは、基盤法改正法附則第二条第一項の規定によるセンターの解散の日から起算して一年を超えない範囲内において政令で定める日までの間、第十五条に規定する業務のほか、当該貸付契約に係る貸付け及びこれに附帯する業務を行うことができる。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

The following characteristics are additionally observed: (A) After the flood, the inventory level of transportation machinery reached the lowest level faster (October 2011) than any other products. The inventory level then remained at a low level and the products had to be shipped immediately after production (for some automobile types, the lowest level was reached in the recent month); (B) The next product whose inventory level reached the lowest level was HDDs*64 (November 2011).The inventory has gradually increased for shipment since then until today*65; (C) Other products of the major four products have reached the lowest level of inventory in December 2011 (the inventory level of electric products has not improved much and the products had been shipped immediately after production as in the case of transportation machinery);例文帳に追加

主な特徴としては、①洪水後に在庫が最も早く最低水準に到達したのは、輸送用機械（昨年10 月）であり、その後も在庫水準はあまり上昇しておらず、生産即出荷の体制になっていること（車種によっては、直近月まで最低水準を更新している）、②次に在庫が最低水準に達したのは、HDD*64（昨年11 月）であり、その後出荷のために現在まで在庫を徐々に積み上げてきている*65 こと、③その他の主要4 品目は、昨年12 月になって在庫水準が最低に到達したこと（また、電気製品はその後もあまり在庫水準が上昇しておらず、輸送用機械と同様に生産即出荷の体制になっている）、④特定電子部品の在庫水準は、昨年11 月の生産完全停止により翌12 月には年初の10%前後にまで急減し在庫も底尽きた*66。 - 経済産業省

However, the Japanese economy has remained stuck in deflation, while prices of foods, oil and other products have surged around the world and the growth in personal income has stagnated in Japan. In addition, over the past one year or so, the violent turmoil in the securitization product market caused by the subprime mortgage problem in the United States has put Japan in a precarious situation, although its damage is limited compared with other countries because we had already suffered from the bitter experience of the bursting of the economic bubble. So, it is important that we respond to this situation properly and quickly with all of us Japanese working as one. As both fiscal management and financial management are the vital elements of economic management, the Prime Minister has appointed me to serve concurrently in these two posts. 例文帳に追加

ただ、ずっと日本の景気が私はデフレ状態から脱却していないと。そういう中で、食料品、石油製品等々の世界的な値上がり、それから国民の所得が依然として伸び悩んでいる、更にはここ１年位、アメリカ発のあるいは世界のきっかけとしてはサブプライムローン問題に端を発した証券化商品の大変なマーケットの混乱といった中で、日本としてはバブル崩壊という大変な辛い経験をした訳ですけれども、その結果としての影響が他の国々に比べると大きくない、しかし非常にデリケートな状況だと思っておりますので、そこはやはりオールジャパンできちっと対応を迅速にやっていくということが重要だろうということで、ある意味では財政と金融というのは車の両輪だと思いますので、そういう意味で総理がこういう形で責任者を一人、つまり私に任命をされたというふうに指示を頂いております。 - 金融庁

If the information is regarded as a trade secret, whether the acquiring of the secrets will be held as an act of unfair competition will depend on how the trade secrets were acquired. If the information was acquired by means of theft, fraud, coercion, or other improper means (hereinafter referred to as an "act of unfair acquisition"), or if a person acquired certain information from third parties and was aware of or very negligently unaware of the fact that such third parties had acquired the information by an act of unfair competition, his/her act of acquisition, use or disclosure of such information constitutes an act of unfair competition (Article 2, Paragraph 1, Items 4 and 5 of the Unfair Competition Prevention Act). If a person acquired certain information from third parties and it was only after acquiring this information that he/she became aware of the fact that the third parties had acquired it by an act of unfair acquisition (or if he/she remained unaware of such fact due to gross negligence), the act of using or disclosing the information would constitute an unfair competition (Article 2, Paragraph 1, Item 6 of the Unfair Competition Prevention Act). 例文帳に追加

営業秘密と解される場合、それをどのようにして取得したかによって不正競争に該当するかどうかが判断されることとなり、これを「窃取、詐欺、強迫その他の不正の手段」（以下「不正取得行為」という。）によって取得した場合、又は不正取得行為が介在したことを知りつつ（又は重大な過失により知らないで）第三者から当該情報を取得した場合は、当該情報を取得・使用・開示する行為がそれぞれ不正競争に該当し（同法第２条第１項第４号、第５号）、及び当該情報を取得した後に不正取得行為が介在したことを知って（又は重大な過失により知らないで）、当該情報を使用・開示する行為がそれぞれ不正競争に該当する（同法第２条第１項第６号）とされている。 - 経済産業省

(2) With regard to the display and sales of Specified Transferred Electrical Appliances and Materials pertaining to authorization for product types under Article 25-3, paragraph (1) of the Old Electrical Appliance and Material Control Act that had already been obtained at the time of the enforcement of Article 10 (including authorization for product types that was obtained by deeming that the provisions then in force remained applicable pursuant to the provisions of Article 45, paragraph (1) or paragraph (3) of the Supplementary Provisions), the provisions then in force shall remain applicable until either the day when the period specified by Cabinet Order set forth in Article 50, paragraph (2) of the Supplementary Provisions pertaining to said Specified Transferred Electrical Appliances and Materials elapses from the day of enforcement of Article 10, or the day when the period specified by Cabinet Order set forth in Article 24, paragraph (1) of the Old Electrical Appliance and Material Control Act as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 25-3, paragraph (2) of the Old Electrical Appliance and Material Control Act elapses from the day of said authorization, whichever is earlier, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10, paragraph (2), Article 27, paragraph (1), and Article 28 of the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Act. 例文帳に追加

２　第十条の規定の施行の際現に受けている旧電気用品取締法第二十五条の三第一項の規定による型式の承認（附則第四十五条第一項若しくは第三項の規定によりなお従前の例によることとされて受けた型式の承認を含む。）に係る移行特定電気用品の表示又は販売については、第十条の規定の施行の日から起算して当該移行特定電気用品に係る附則第五十条第二項の政令で定める期間を経過する日又は当該承認の日から旧電気用品取締法第二十五条の三第二項において準用する旧電気用品取締法第二十四条第一項の政令で定める期間を経過する日のいずれか早い日までの間は、電気用品安全法第十条第二項、第二十七条第一項及び第二十八条の規定にかかわらず、なお従前の例による。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

It was also for that purpose that I made a short trip to the U.S. to meet with FRB Chairman Bernanke and Mr. Volcker in New York. The U.S. enacted the Dodd-Frank Act in July. In its background was the law that provided the basis for the generation of investment banks in the late 1990s, as the law repealed the banking business separation required under the Glass-Steagall Act, which had once, back in 1929, brought a drastic change of a sort. Amid the advancement of financial engineering as well as the economic and financial globalization, the law eventually contributed to the creation of very high-risk, high-return products. Ultimately, the risk got so high that it became no longer possible for companies to assume it on their own, leaving the U.S. with no choice but to even use taxpayers' money to cover it. As this was effectively the failure of financial capitalism characteristic of the U.S., which has remained the world's greatest economy and superpower ever since the Soviet Union collapsed, what ensued was a tremendous disturbance. In that context, the real economy was far outweighed by the financial world, or the world of money. 例文帳に追加

それから、そのためにも、短い期間でしたがアメリカに行って、FRBのバーナンキ議長、またニューヨークでボルカー（氏と面会しました）。まさに7月にアメリカのドッド・フランク法、これは非常に、1929年、ある意味でコペルニクス的転換をした金融の法律でございますグラス・スティーガル法、そういったものを一緒にした1990年代後半の投資銀行を生み出した基礎的な法律、それから今度は、それが金融工学の発展あるいは経済のグローバル化や金融のグローバル化の中で大変ハイリスク・ハイリターンの商品を作り出す。一つの会社の中のリスクでは納まらないどころか、今は投資銀行というのはアメリカには基本的にございませんが、国家の税金でそれを補わざるを得ない。それが当然、世界の経済危機を―ソ連の崩壊の後、アメリカの一極でしたから、経済的にも最も強い、そして政治的にも軍事的にもアメリカは非常に米ソ冷戦構造時代に抜きん出てきたわけでございまして、その影響を色濃く日本も世界も受けたわけでございますけれども、その中心であったアメリカ型の資本主義、ある意味でアメリカ型の金融型の資本主義が、ご存じのように、崩壊したということでございまして、大変な混乱になったわけです。それが、要するに金余り、あるいは実体経済よりずっと金融のマネーの世界が大きくなった。 - 金融庁

People employed by enterprises have thus generally grown more risk averse in recent years. Regarding the relationship between the decline in the prospective entry rate and recent changes in the labor market such as those described in Chapter 2, attention may be drawn to the following: (1) the seniority-based pay systems found primarily at large enterprises up to the 1990s were recognized as having become entrenched as "Japanesestyle employment practices," and the future wages expected by people rose; (2) the negative effects of the deflationary economy in the 1990s first manifested themselves in the form of an increase in bankruptcies and exits among small enterprises such as the selfemployed, and there was a conspicuous decrease in the incomes and a conspicuous increase in the risks of selfemployment expected by people; (3) as full-fledged employment adjustment did not really impact on employees of large enterprises until the latter half of the 1990s, it took considerable time for future expected wages to fall; and (4) the instability of income after mandatory retirement even with "Japanese-style employment practices" has long been recognized, enterprises restructured their middle-aged and older workers in the 1990s, conditions in the elderly reemployment market remained severe, and wages of employees in their fifties underwent adjustment from a comparatively early stage, creating the possibility that for the middle-aged and elderly, the opportunity cost of entry compared with changing jobs has fallen, in addition to which people in this age group were comparatively less affected by the effects of the collapse of the bubble, such as the decline in home prices.例文帳に追加

このように、近年、企業に雇用される人々の意識が一般的にはリスク回避的になり、開業希望率が減少していることと、第2章で述べたような、近年の労働市場の変化等との関係については、〔1〕1990年代まで大企業を中心とする年功賃金制が「日本的雇用慣行」として定着していると認識され、人々の予想する将来賃金が上昇してきたこと、〔2〕1990年代のデフレ経済の悪影響がまず自営業等の小規模な企業から破産・廃業の増加等の形で現れ、人々の予想する自営業の所得が顕著に低下しリスクが顕著に増加したこと、〔3〕大企業の被雇用者に本格的な雇用調整が及んだのは1990年代後半であったことから、将来の予想賃金が低下するにはかなり時間がかかったこと、〔4〕定年退職後の収入については、「日本的雇用慣行」の下でも不安定性があることが早くから認識され、また、1990年代に企業が中高齢層のリストラを進め高齢者の転職市場は厳しい状況が続き、50歳代の賃金については大企業でも比較的早くから調整が進んだことから、中高齢者にとっては転職と比較して開業することの機会費用が下がった可能性があること、また、この年代の人々はバブル崩壊による持ち家価格の低下等の影響を被ることが比較的少なかったこと等が指摘できる。 - 経済産業省