chitとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English chitte (“a young animal, cub, whelp”), from 古期英語 *ċytten, *ċietten, *ċitten, from Proto-West Germanic *kittīn, from Proto-Germanic *kittīną (“young animal, fawn, kid”).

Cognate with Scots chit (“chit”), Low German kitte (“young animal”), German Kitz (“fawn, kid”). See also kid.

名詞

chit (複数形 chits)

1. A child or babe; a young, small, or insignificant person or animal.
   • 1859, William Makepeace Thackeray, The Virginians‎^[1], Chapter VI:

     Madam was a little chit of a woman, not five feet in her highest headdress and shoes, and Mr. Washington a great tall man of six feet two.

   • 1922, Petronius Arbiter, W. C. Firebaugh, transl., Satyricon‎^[2], Chapter 56:

     “These are returns,” I said, “quite fit

     To me, who nursed you when a chit.

     For shame, lay by this envious art;

     Is this to act a sister's part?”

   • 2004, Alan Hollinghurst, chapter 4, in The Line of Beauty, New York: Bloomsbury, →OCLC:

     […] he seemed to come forward from an era of sexual defiance and fighting alliances and to cast a dismissive eye over a little chit like Nick, who had never fought for anything.

2. A pert or sassy young person, especially a young woman.

語源 2

From Middle English *chit, *chitte, from 古期英語 ċīþ (“germ, seed, sprout, shoot”), from Proto-Germanic *kīþą (“sprout”), from Proto-Indo-European *ĝī-, *ĝey- (“to divide, part, split open, sprout”).

Cognate with Middle Dutch kiede (“sprout”), dialectal German Keid (“sprout”). Doublet of scion.

名詞

chit (複数形 chits)

1. The embryonic growing bud of a plant

   Synonyms: shoot, sprout, seedling

   the chits of Indian corn or of potatoes

   • 1721, John Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry: Or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land, page 217:

     The Barley after it has been couched four or five days in cold Weather will sweat a little, and begin to show the Chit or Sprit at the Root-end of the Corn,

2. (obsolete) An excrescence on the body, as a wart or a pimple.

動詞

chit (三人称単数 現在形 chits, 現在分詞 chitting, 過去形および過去分詞形 chitted)

1. (intransitive, Britain, dialect) To sprout; to shoot, as a seed or plant.
   • 1721, John Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry: Or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land, page 217:

     I have known it chit in seven hours after it had been thrown forth of the Cistern and within three days come enough; the Maltster being forced to stir it six, seven or eight times a day,

2. (transitive, Britain, dialect) To damage the outer layers of a seed such as Lupinus or Sophora to assist germination.
3. (transitive, Britain, dialect) To initiate sprouting of tubers, such as potatoes, by placing them in special environment, before planting into the soil.
   • 2010, Geoff Stebbings, Growing Your Own Fruit and Veg For Dummies, page 173:

     Gardeners argue among themselves about how necessary chitting is, but I stick with tradition and do chit my seed potatoes.

派生語

• mini-chitted

語源 3

From chitty, from Hindi चिट्ठी (ciṭṭhī, “letter, note, written message”). Doublet of cure.

名詞

chit (複数形 chits)

1. (US and Britain dated) A small sheet or scrap of paper with a hand-written note as a reminder or personal message.
3. (historical) A voucher or token coin used in payrolls under the truck system.

   Synonym: scrip

4. (pharmacology) A small sheet of paper on which is written a prescription to be filled; a scrip.
5. (gaming) A smaller cardboard counter generally used not to directly represent something but for another, more transient, purpose such as tracking or randomization.
   • 2005, Richard Hamblen; Teresa Michelsen; Stephen McKnight, The unofficial, updated Third Edition of the Magic Realm Rules:

     1.4.3 Also on the board, but turned face down at the beginning of the game, are chits representing treasure sites and sounds and warnings of monsters that may arrive on the map. When characters end a turn in the hex, these chits are revealed. As characters move around the board, more and more of these chits will be revealed, letting the players know where monsters and treasures are to be found.

6. (India, China) A signed voucher or memorandum of a small debt, as for food and drinks at a club.
   • 1901, Falk, by Joseph Conrad

     He just longed to get away from here and try his luck somewhere else, but for the sake of his sister he hung on and on till he ran himself into debt over his ears—I can tell you. I, myself, could show a handful of his chits for meals and drinks in my drawer.

   • 1989, Greil Marcus, “The Assault on Notre-Dame”, in Lipstick Traces, Faber & Faber, published 2009:

     You might come in out of contempt for history—then you'd fall in love with the idea that you could make it, because history had assumed a debt that had never been paid—because, save in apparent trivial, vanishing moments, the debt had been forgotten, and even the chits had been lost.

7. (US, slang) A debt or favor owed in return for a prior loan or favor granted, especially a political favor.
   • 2003, Linda Fairstein, The Bone Vault, Scribner, page 98:

     Harry would call in a chit with some desk manager who owed him a favor.

   • 2007 May 13, Patrick Healy, “In New Role, Senator Clinton’s Strategist in Chief”, in New York Times‎^[3]:

     Bill Clinton’s connections, and his endless supply of chits, only begin to capture his singular role in his wife’s presidential candidacy, advisers and friends of the couple say. […] And he is cashing in chits for her that Mr. Gore, post-impeachment, never asked him to do.

派生語

語源 4

Perhaps from specialized technical use of Etymology 2, above, “a bud; an excressence” (Hunter 1882).

名詞

chit (複数形 chits)

1. A small tool used in cleaving laths. Compare: froe.
   • 1734, The Builder’s Dictionary: Or, Architect’s Companion‎^[4], volume II:

     Then lastly (with their Chit) they cleave their Laths into their thicknesses, by the Quarter Grain, which is that Grain which is seen to run in strait Lines towards the Pith.

   • 1905, William Millar, Plastering, Plain and Decorative, page 90:

     This should be specially selected, cut into lengths, and split by wedges into bolts, with a dowel axe into fittings, and with a chit split into laths.

語源 5

Euphemistic variation of shit.

名詞

chit (uncountable)

1. (US, slang, euphemistic) Shit.

間投詞

chit

1. (US, slang, euphemistic) Shit.

参照

• “chit”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “chit”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
• Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, G.&C. Merriam Co., 1967
• Hunter, Robert (1882) The Encyclopædic Dictionary: A New, and Original Work of Reference to All the Words in the English Language with a Full Account of Their Origin, Meaning, Pronunciation, and Use‎^[5], Cassell, Petter, Galpin and Company

参考

• chit-chat

アナグラム

• itch, tich