tearとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) enPR: tâ, IPA^(key): /tɛə/
• (米国用法) enPR: târ, IPA^(key): /tɛɚ/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /teə/
• Rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
• Homophone: tare, tear (NZ)

動詞

tear (third-person singular simple present tears, present participle tearing, simple past tore, past participle torn or (now colloquial and 一般的ではない用法) tore)

2. (transitive) To rend (a solid material) by holding or restraining in two places and pulling apart, whether intentionally or not; to destroy or separate.

   He tore his coat on the nail.

   • 1886, Gustave Flaubert, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling, Madame Bovary, published 1856, Part III Chapter XI:

   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand. We spent consider'ble money getting 'em reset, and then a swordfish got into the pound and tore the nets all to slathers, right in the middle of the squiteague season.

     He suffered, poor man, at seeing her so badly dressed, with laceless boots, and the arm-holes of her pinafore torn down to the hips; for the charwoman took no care of her.

4. (transitive) To injure as if by pulling apart.

   He has a torn ligament.

   He tore some muscles in a weight-lifting accident.

5. (transitive) To destroy or reduce abstract unity or coherence, such as social, political or emotional.

   He was torn by conflicting emotions.

6. (transitive) To make (an opening) with force or energy.

   A piece of debris tore a tiny straight channel through the satellite.

   His boss will tear him a new one when he finds out.

   The artillery tore a gap in the line.

7. (transitive, often with off or out) To remove by tearing.

   Tear the coupon out of the newspaper.

8. (transitive, of structures, with down) To demolish.

   The slums were torn down to make way for the new development.

9. (intransitive) To become torn, especially accidentally.

   My dress has torn.

10. (intransitive) To move or act with great speed, energy, or violence.

    He went tearing down the hill at 90 miles per hour.

    The tornado lingered, tearing through town, leaving nothing upright.

    He tore into the backlog of complaints.

    • 2019, Lana Del Rey, Hope Is a Dangerous Thing:

      I've been tearing around in my fucking nightgown. 24/7 Sylvia Plath.

11. (intransitive) To smash or enter something with great force.

    The chain shot tore into the approaching line of infantry.

同意語

• (break): rend, rip
• (remove by tearing): rip out, tear off, tear out

関連する語

名詞

tear (複数形 tears)

1. A hole or break caused by tearing.

   A small tear is easy to mend, if it is on the seam.

2. (slang) A rampage.

   to go on a tear

派生語

• on a tear
• wear and tear

派生語

• tearsheet

語源 2

From Middle English teer (“tear”), from 古期英語 tēar, from Proto-West Germanic *tahr, from Proto-Germanic *tahrą (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru- (“tears”).

Cognates include Old Norse tár (Danish tåre かつ Norwegian tåre), Old High German zahar (German Zähre), Gothic �������� (tagr), Irish deoir and Latin lacrima.

発音

• (Received 発音) enPR: tî, IPA^(key): /tɪə/
• (General American) enPR: tîr, IPA^(key): /tɪɚ/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /tɪə/, /teə/
• Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
• Homophone: tier (layer または rank), tear (NZ, also)

名詞

tear (複数形 tears)

2. A drop of clear, salty liquid produced from the eyes by crying or irritation.

   There were big tears rolling down Lisa's cheeks.

   Ryan wiped the tear from the paper he was crying on.

   • 1603, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act V, scene ii, page 338:

     I pray you in your Letters, / When you ſhall theſe vnluckie deeds relate, / Speake of me, as I am. […] / Of one, whoſe ſubdu'd Eyes, / Albeit un-vsed to the melting moode, / Drops teares as faſt as the Arabian Trees / Their Medicinable gumme.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 6, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, →OL:

     '[…] I remember a lady coming to inspect St. Mary's Home where I was brought up and seeing us all in our lovely Elizabethan uniforms we were so proud of, and bursting into tears all over us because "it was wicked to dress us like charity children". […]'

3. Something in the form of a transparent drop of fluid matter; also, a solid, transparent, tear-shaped drop, as of some balsams or resins.
   • 1717, William Congreve, Samuel Croxall, John Dryden, Laurence Eusden, John Ozell, “Book X”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     Let Araby extol her happy coast, / Her fragrant flowers, her trees with precious tears.

4. (glass manufacture) A partially vitrified bit of clay in glass.
5. That which causes or accompanies tears; a lament; a dirge.
   • 1637, John Milton, “Lycidas”, in Justa Edouardo King Naufrago, Cambridge: Printed by Thomas Buck, and Roger Daniel, published 1638, page 131:

     Without meed of some melodious tear. Begin then, Sisters of the sacred well [...]

派生語

動詞

tear (三人称単数 現在形 tears, 現在分詞 tearing, 過去形および過去分詞形 teared)

1. (intransitive) To produce tears.

   Her eyes began to tear in the harsh wind.

アナグラム

• 'eart, Ater, Reta, aret, arte-, rate, tare, tera-

別の表記

• tæhher, tǣr, teagor

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *tah(h)r, from Proto-Germanic *tahrą.

Germanic cognates include Old Frisian tār, Old High German zahar, Old Norse tár, Gothic �������� (tagr).

発音

• IPA^(key): /tæ͜ɑːr/

名詞

tēar m

1. tear (drop of liquid from the tear duct)

   tēar ġēotan

   to shed a tear

語形変化

派生語

• tīeran

派生した語

• Middle English: teer, teere, ter, tere; tær, tear; tyer, tyear, tyar
  • English: tear
  • Middle Scots: tear, tere, teir, tichwr, tychir
    • Scots: tear, taer, tare, teir