「権力を」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(22ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

また、いわゆる南都六宗の教学、さらに平安時代以降は、天台宗、真言宗などが同居して「八宗兼学」と呼ばれながら、なかでも重視した華厳経華厳経学の中心地とも見られ、その教えを体現する本尊の東大寺盧舎那仏像盧舎那仏像でもって、時の権力者や、庶民からの信仰をあつめてきた。例文帳に追加

In addition, Todai-ji Temple was regarded as a place for learning about the six sects in Nanto, and then as the center of the Kegon sect or study on the Kegon sect, on which emphasis was put in the Heian period and thereafter, when the temple was called a place for 'interdisciplinary study on the eight sects' including the Tendai and the Shingon sects, by attracting attention from people in power of the times and the common people with its principal image representing the philosophy, the statue of Birushana Buddha.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

パンはもう保証されていて、権力者や諸団体や一般大衆からの支援をまるで求めない人は、どんな意見を公然と表明しようが、悪く思われたり悪く言われたりすること以外には、なんら恐れるものはないし、英雄タイプの人でなければそれに耐えることができないというわけではありません。例文帳に追加

Those whose bread is already secured, and who desire no favours from men in power, or from bodies of men, or from the public, have nothing to fear from the open avowal of any opinions, but to be ill-thought of and ill-spoken of, and this it ought not to require a very heroic mould to enable them to bear.  - John Stuart Mill『自由について』

しかしこれは、すべて立川流を邪教視して弾圧した側の文献に依るもので、肝心の立川流の文献はほぼ焚書扱いになっており、また南朝側と北朝側の政治背景から権力闘争に巻き込まれ邪教扱いされたという背景もあるため、それらの教義や儀式などが事実であったかどうかは現在でも議論されるところとなっている。例文帳に追加

However, it is still controversial as to whether the doctrines and rites of Tachikawa School mentioned above were true or not because the above theories are all based on documents written by those who regarded Tachikawa School as a heresy and oppressed it, and most of the documents written by devotees of Tachikawa School, which are vital for verification of the genuineness of those theories, were subjected to book burning and Tachikawa School was treated as a heresy against the backdrop of its involvement in the political power struggle between the Southern and Northern Dynasties.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

勧悪懲悪（かんあくちょうあく）とは、勧善懲悪において、本来であれば悪に値する存在（強盗、殺し屋、闇金、女衒など）が様々な理由（猛悪に対する正義心や義侠心の発露、仲間の裏切りや取り分の相違、権力闘争、あるいは助平心など）によって、悪と対峙する立場になり、結果的に（他方の視点からして）悪を懲らしめる。例文帳に追加

In Kanaku Choaku, someone considered to belong originally to the evil side (e.g. bandit, hired killer, black-market lender, or woman trafficking broker) is put into a position in conflict with evil for many different reasons (e.g. the emergence of a feeling of justice or a chivalrous spirit against a greater evil, a peer's betrayal, a disagreement about the sharing of the spoils, a power struggle, or greed) and consequently punishes the greater evil (from the other's point of view).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また、公家の中で関白にのみ御所への日参が義務付けられる（逆に言えば、その義務の無い他の公家の権力への関与の度合いが関白に比べて大きく低下する）一方で、太政大臣の任官が江戸時代を通じて徳川氏征夷大将軍と摂政・関白経験者のみに限定されるなど、宮中での待遇の厚さは格別なものがあった。例文帳に追加

Furthermore, the Kampaku alone among nobles was required to visit the Imperial palace daily (to put it another way, the power of those not required to do so seemed less in comparison the Kampaku's), and throughout the Edo period appointment to Daijo Daijin was limited to those who had been Tokugawa clan, Seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") and Sessho/Kampaku, so the quality of the reception at the Imperial palace was on another level.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

だが、江戸時代に入ると、主君である征夷大将軍あるいは大名への土地支配権力の集中や藩中央と家臣の年貢米売却の競合による米価下落に伴う換金収入減少など財政上の都合から、地方知行を止めて蔵米知行に切り替える場合が増加した。例文帳に追加

During the early Edo period, however, more and more lords gave up Jigatachigyo in favor of Kuramaichigyo; this was due to land ruling power being concentrated in the hands of daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) and the Seii Taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians"); it was also due to financial reasons, such as a decrease in income as a consequence of rice falling in price caused by competition between domains and vassals in annual rice tax sales.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

勧学院は藤氏長者が長となり、しかも大抵の場合は摂関あるいは一上との兼務であったから、大学寮側は表向きは拒絶し続けていたものの、実際には勧学院の給料学生は藤原氏の政治的権力を背景として、大学寮で選抜した穀倉院の給料学生と同格と見なされるようになった。例文帳に追加

As the head of FUJIWARA clan assumed the position of the chief of Kangaku-in concurrently with Sekkan (regents and advisers) or Ichinokami (the ranking Council Member), Kyuryo-gakusei of Kangaku-in were regarded, thanks to the political power of the FUJIWARA clan, equally with Kokuso-in's Kyuryo-gakusei who were selected by Daigakuryo, though Daigakuryo denied it ostensively.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

安倍氏は俘囚長(俘囚の中から大和朝廷の権力によって選出された有力者）であったとの説が広く流布しているが、文献上では安倍氏を俘囚長とする記述は存在しておらず、康平7年の太政官符に「故俘囚首安倍頼時」との記載があるのみである。例文帳に追加

While the opinion that the Abe clan was the Chief of Fushu (chief of barbarians, that is, the influential persons who had been selected from Fushu by the authority of the Yamato Imperial Court) is widely disseminating, there are no descriptions in documents stating the Abe clan to be the Chief of Fushu, with the exception of a description, "the late Chief of Fushu ABE no Yoritoki," in Dajokanpu (official documents issued by Dajokan, Grand Council of State) in 1064.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

だけれども、いつ、どう（こうする）ということを、証券取引等監視委員会はやはり独立性があるわけですから、私は主務大臣といえども、今さっき言ったような基本的に自由主義経済において、国家権力と自由主義経済とどう関わるかという基本的な問題ですから、これは私からどうこう指示するということは適当でないと思っています。例文帳に追加

However, as the SESC is independent, I cannot instruct it to do something at a certain time even though I am the minister in charge. This concerns the basic issue of how the state authorities should relate to a liberal economy, so it would not be appropriate for me to give instructions.  - 金融庁

最初に私が言いましたように、金融規制というのは、市場を考えれば規制というのは基本的にしない方がいいという考えが昔から当然ありまして、できるだけ公権力が、やっぱりマーケットですから干渉しない方が結局市場が大きくなって、物が大きくなって全体の人間が豊かになった。これは当然昔から、まさにアダム・スミスの時代からあるわけですね。例文帳に追加

As I said at the beginning, there has naturally been a long-established notion that when it comes to markets, financial regulations should best be basically non-existent. Markets being markets, there have indeed been many examples since early times – since the days of Adam Smith – where the least intervention from public authorities results in the market growing larger and the list of marketed goods expanding, thus bringing wealth to people as a whole.  - 金融庁

このころ中央では、永禄8年（1565年）、かねて京都を中心に畿内で権勢を誇っていた三好氏の有力者・三好三人衆（三好長逸、三好政康、岩成友通）と松永久秀が、室町幕府権力の復活を目指して三好氏と対立を深めていた第13代征夷大将軍・足利義輝を暗殺し、第14代将軍として義輝の従弟・足利義栄を傀儡として擁立する（永禄の変）。例文帳に追加

Around this time in Kyoto in 1565, Miyoshi sanninshu (three chief retainers of the Miyoshi clan, Nagayuki MIYOSHI, Masayasu MIYOSHI and Tomomichi IWANARI), influential people in the Miyoshi clan who had power in the Kinai region (the five capital provinces surrounding the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyoto), and Hisahide MATSUNAGA all collaborated in the murder of the thirteenth seii taishogun, Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, who had been in increasing conflict with the Miyoshi clan due to his goal of restoring power to the Muromachi bakufu, and installed his cousin Yoshihide ASHIKAGA as the fourteenth shogun to serve as their puppet (Eiroku Incident).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

結局、定子と彰子の2人を同時に皇后としていた一条の先例にならい、娍子と妍子を揃って皇后とすることになったが、道長の強大な勢威と三条の権力基盤の弱さを反映して、まず妍子を立后させ、その後に娍子を立后させることになっただけでなく、妍子の立后の儀式には多くの貴族たちが積極的に協力したのに対し、娍子の立后の儀式には道長の妨害もあって貴族たちのサボタージュが続出し、三条やその側近たちを憤激させた。例文帳に追加

In the end, taking the past case where Ichijo had both Teishi and Shoshi as Empress, Seishi and Kenshi were both to become Empress, but reflecting the all mighty authority of Michinaga and the weak power base of Sanjo, not only was Kenshi was first to become Empress and then Seishi, but although many aristocrats cooperated actively for the ceremony for the making of Kenshi as Empress, Seishi's ceremony was met with sabotage by Michinaga and not attended by many aristocrats, angering Sanjo and his aides.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

これによって一見すると守護大名の領域に治外法権地域が生まれる事になり、室町幕府の支配系統に障害が生じたかのように見られるが、実態はそれとは反対で守護領国制の強化によって守護大名による領国一円支配を阻止してその勢力拡大を抑制するとともに、特権を受けた御家人層は幕府権力への依存を強めてこの権利を維持しようと図り、幕府にとっては守護大名に対抗するための政治的・経済的・軍事的な基盤を支える支持の形成に効果があった。例文帳に追加

Although this could have apparently produced a chigaihoken (extraterritoriality) area in the domains of shugo daimyo and seems to have caused an obstacle in ruling systems of the Muromachi bakufu, in fact, contrary to that, by tightening of the shugo-ryogoku system (the system that a shugo dominates a manor), it prevented shugo daimyo from executing ryogoku ichien shihai (ruling the whole region of the territory) and suppressed expansion of his power, and at the same time, the privileged gokenin class tried to maintain this privilege by increasing dependence on the bakufu powers, which helped the bakufu form support for political, economic, and military bases to confront the shugo daimyo.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その背景について、幼少の清和天皇が外祖父藤原良房の政治権力によって、異母兄惟喬親王を推す世論に反して擁立されたことに由来する政治基盤の不安定さを克服するために、幼い天皇の君徳の涵養を図るとともに、天皇への忠誠を官人教育を通じて強く認識させる目的によって、藤原良房と大春日雄継が導入を図ったものと考えられている。例文帳に追加

It is believed that FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa and OKASUGA no Otsugu adopted this edition with the purpose of giving government officials an official education to foster allegiance to the Emperor, as well as to foster "Kuntoku no Kanyo" in the young Emperor Seiwa, thereby tried to overcome the instability of political foundation, which was caused by the enthroning of the infant Emperor Seiwa, with the help of the political power of his maternal grandfather, FUJIWARA no Yoshifusa, against public opinion that pushed for his paternal older half-brother, Imperial Prince Koretaka.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

白河法皇が「天下の三不如意―鴨川(淀川水系)（鴨川）の水（鴨川の流れとそれによる水害）・双六の賽（サイコロ、当時の双六（ただし、現在のものと違い西洋のバックギャモンに近い）は賭博の手段として盛んに用いられて、さいころの目の動きが勝敗を分けた）・山法師（比叡山延暦寺の僧衆〔僧兵〕）」だけはどうしようもないと嘆いたという故事は、裏を返せば彼がそれ以外のものであれば思い通りにならない事はないという絶大な権力を誇っていたことを示している。例文帳に追加

The Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa had supreme power, but it was said he mented that, he has no control over the following three things: 1. Waters of the Kamo River (tributary of the Yodo River)(due to its flow and frequent flooding); 2. Dice used in sugoroku (different from current sugoroku, close to western backgammon), which was popular way of gambling at that time, with spots on the dice selecting winners/losers; and 3. Yamaboshi (monk soldiers from Mt. Hie Enryaku-ji Temple), which show that SHIRAKAWA had absolute control apart from these three things.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

こうした自検断権の裏づけとなる軍事警察力の保証としての武器の保有も、建前上は刀狩以降放棄した形式をとり、百姓身分の者は身分表象としての帯刀を放棄することでそれを示していたが、実際は個々の村には膨大な数の刀槍、鉄砲が神仏への献納物、あるいは害獣駆除の名目で備蓄されており、明治維新以降も国家権力はあからさまにこれに手をつけられない状態であった。例文帳に追加

After the Sword Hunt, keeping arms that supported the right to judge criminal cases as a safeguard military police power had the form of waiving the right and people in a farming rank showed their waiver by not wearing a sword, their rank symbol, but actually an individual community had big stockpiles of swords, spears, and guns under the pretext of dedicating things to Shinto and Buddhist deities or the extermination of harmful animals and the governmental powers could not openly touch them even after the Meiji Restoration.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

厚生大臣は、・・隔離政策の抜本的な変換やそのために必要とする相当な措置を採ることなく、・・漫然と放置し、・・隔離を継続させたこと、また、ハンセン病が恐ろしい伝染病でありハンセン病患者は隔離されるべき危険な存在であるとの社会認識を放置したことにつき、法的責任を負うものというべきであり、厚生大臣の公権力の行使たる職務行為に国家賠償法上の違法性があると認めるのが相当である。例文帳に追加

The Minister of Health and Welfare … is to be held legally liable for having irresponsibly allowing the segregation to continue without changing the segregation policy fundamentally or taking appropriate actions required to do so… and for allowing the society to believe that Hansen's disease was a horrible infectious disease and its patients were dangerous that needed to be isolated. It is thus appropriate, on the basis of the National Redress Law, to consider illegal his official action as a civil servant functioning as the Minister of Health and Welfare. - 厚生労働省

しかし、市村高男は『東国の戦国合戦』（吉川弘文館・2009年刊）で「合戦の主体となる正規の軍隊はどのようにして軍資金等を確保することができたのか」、「敵地には略奪するほどの諸物資が存在したのであろうか」、「社会状況の具体的な提示があるものの、戦闘に至る直接の契機についてはもとより、それらの社会状況と合戦を開始する権力側のいきさつがどのように関連していたのか」など、数々の疑問を呈しており、今後の議論が待たれている。例文帳に追加

However, Takao ICHIMURA raised many questions in his book, "Togoku no Sengoku Kassen" (Battles in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region) during the Sengoku period) (published by Yoshikawa Kobunkan Inc. in 2009), like 'how the official army forming the main constituent in battle secured war funds and so on,' 'whether the enemy territory was plundered and various kinds of goods looted,' 'although the social condition was presented concretely, it is wonder how a situation of the authority side starting the battle as well as a direct opportunity leading to the battle was related to such social conditions,' and so on, and future discussions are expected.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

これまで歴代の治天が進めてきた訴訟処理機構の整備や迅速な訴訟処理、有為な人材の登用などは当然であるが、後醍醐は、沽酒法（米価・酒価公定令）、洛中への地口銭賦課などの経済政策にも取り組み、さらには洛中酒鑪役賦課令、神人公事停止令、関所停止令などを発して、それまで治天の権限の及ばなかった領域へも積極的に手を伸ばして朝廷自体の権力基盤の拡大をも目指した。例文帳に追加

Naturally, Godaigo worked on the court management system, speedy court case processing and recruitment of useful human resources that past Chiten had worked on, but he also worked on financial measures such as Koshu-ho (Law defining the price of rice and sake), Jiguchisen-ka to Rakuchu (extra tax on houses and fields in central Kyoto) but he also tried to enlarge the power base of the Imperial Court itself by actively working on areas that the authority of past Chiten did not reach and issued Rakuchu Shuroyaku Fuka-rei, Shinjin Koji Teishi-rei, Sekishoteishi-rei, etc.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

そして、2代将軍足利義詮の時代には幕府内部の権力抗争により細川清氏などの有力守護大名が南朝に降ったり、九州では足利直冬が幕府に反抗したり、後醍醐の皇子である懐良親王が中国の明朝より「日本国王」として冊封を受けて南朝勢力を拡大するなど、南北朝の抗争は3代将軍足利義満が南北朝合体を行うまで続く。例文帳に追加

And then, during the time of the second Shogun, Yoshiakira ASHIKAGA, a power struggle within the bakufu prompted several influential shugo daimyo, including Kiyouji HOSOKAWA, to defect to the Southern Court, while in Kyushu Tadafuyu ASHIKAGA raised arms against the bakufu and the Imperial Prince Kaneyoshi, Godaigo's son and heir, received an official missive, in which he was called the 'King of Japan,' from the Ming court of China; these and other events served to boost the Southern Court's power and prestige, which allowed the Southern Court to continue its resistance until the third Shogun, Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, unified the Northern and Southern Courts (in 1392).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

つまり、門閥、閨閥政治や中華思想また小中華思想など民族（人種）差別、日本蔑視思想で、「平等」の精神に真っ向から反する思想、親子（姑、嫁）が血みどろの権力闘争を繰り広げ、そのために事大主義に走り独立心がなく外交の一貫性がないこと、と福澤諭吉らから見れば、そう見える朝鮮王朝政府に対し、「天は人の上に人をつくらず...」（『学問のすゝめ』)とする思想を重んじる立場から「脱亜論」に至ったのだ、という解釈がある。例文帳に追加

For Fukuzawa, the government of the Korean Dynasties appeared to be totally against 'Equality' by discrimination by putting too much value on lineage and Keibatsu blood connection, Sinocentrism or petit Sinocentrism and disrespect for Japan as well as families repeating bloody strife over authority, no intention to be independent with their Sadaejuui policy and no consistency in their diplomacy; these things led him to write 'Datsu-A Ron' with his standpoint of 'ten wa hito no ue ni hito o tsukurazu...' (The heavens do not create Man above his station...) ("Gakumon no Susume" [An Encouragement of Learning]).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

邪馬台国九州説を発展させ、大宰府（太宰府）を首都とする九州王朝が成立したが、663年（天智元年）「白村江の戦い」の敗北をきっかけとしてヤマト王権により滅亡させられたとする古田武彦が唱えた九州王朝説の所論によれば、大化の改新として仮託された事件により後の天智天皇・天武天皇が権力奪取する以前の記紀の神代神話と皇統譜や事跡の記述の多くは九州王朝からの剽窃による創作であり、それまでのヤマト王権は統一王朝ではなかったとする。例文帳に追加

Developing the Yamatai-koku Kingdom in Kyushu, by the Kyushu Dynasty Theory advocated by Takehiko FURUTA that the Kyushu Dynasty was established with the capital Dazaifu but was destroyed by the Yamato Administration triggered by the lost in 'Battle of Hakusukinoe' (Battle of Baekgang) in 663, most of the immemorial myth, the genealogy and the achievements of the Imperial Family in Kojiki and Nihon Shoki before later Emperor Tenchi and Emperor Tenmu seized the political power through the incident called Taika Reforms were fiction by plagiarism from the Kyushu Dynasty and until then, the Yamato Administration was not a unified dynasty.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

我々（の世界）は自由主義経済ですから、統制経済ではございませんから、そういったところの根幹に関することで、やはり証券取引等監視委員会が独立性を保っているということは、皆さん方はよくご存じですけれども、公権力が即経済に介入するというのは、自由主義経済（にとって）、あまり好ましくないという基本的な思想がありまして、私はこういった独立性を保っていると認識いたしておりますが、現在、（事実）関係の解明を待つ必要があるために、今後の行政対応について、今の時点では申し上げることはできないと思っております。例文帳に追加

Ours is a liberal economy, not a command economy. So, the independence of the SESC is assured, as you know well.　The basic idea is that, in a liberal economy, it would not be desirable for the state authorities to directly intervene in the economy, and I believe that the independence of the SESC has been maintained. As we need to wait until the facts are clarified, I cannot comment on future administrative actions at this time.  - 金融庁

また朱子学（旧来の思想に対抗して生れたように考えられた）、特に陽明学（後に説明されるように、これは明朝が正式に認めた学問であった朱子学に対抗して生まれ出たように見えた）は、敗戦後の日本に於ける近代思惟・反権力・人間解放などの概念と容易に結びつき、朱子学及び陽明学の中、比較的それらの概念に近似する部分を抜き取り、そこに思想的価値を与えるという試みが盛んに行われた。例文帳に追加

Shushigaku (considered to have arisen in opposition to traditional thinking), and especially Yomei-gaku (as described later, considered to have arisen in opposition to Shushigaku, which was officially authorized by the Ming Court), were easily linked in a defeated Japan to concepts such as modern thinking, antiauthoritarianism and human emancipation; as a result, most scholars have frequently attempted to extract from Shushigaku and Yomei-gaku the elements that are relatively close to these concepts and attempt to attach an ideological value to them.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

日本国民は、正当に選挙された国会における代表者を通じて行動し、われらとわれらの子孫のために、諸国民との協和による成果と、わが国全土にわたつて自由のもたらす恵沢を確保し、政府の行為によつて再び戦争の惨禍が起ることのないやうにすることを決意し、ここに主権が国民に存することを宣言し、この憲法を確定する。そもそも国政は、国民の厳粛な信託によるものであつて、その権威は国民に由来し、その権力は国民の代表者がこれを行使し、その福利は国民がこれを享受する。これは人類普遍の原理であり、この憲法は、かかる原理に基くものである。われらは、これに反する一切の憲法、法令及び詔勅を排除する。例文帳に追加

We, the Japanese people, acting through our duly elected representatives in the National Diet, determined that we shall secure for ourselves and our posterity the fruits of peaceful cooperation with all nations and the blessings of liberty throughout this land, and resolved that never again shall we be visited with the horrors of war through the action of government, do proclaim that sovereign power resides with the people and do firmly establish this Constitution. Government is a sacred trust of the people, the authority for which is derived from the people, the powers of which are exercised by the representatives of the people, and the benefits of which are enjoyed by the people. This is a universal principle of mankind upon which this Constitution is founded. We reject and revoke all constitutions, laws, ordinances, and rescripts in conflict herewith.  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム

上記最高裁判例は、肖像の要保護性を認める一方、「しかしながら、個人の有する右自由も、国家権力の行使から無制限に保護されるわけでなく、公共の福祉のため必要のある場合には相当の制限を受けることは同条の規定に照らして明らかである。そして、犯罪を捜査することは、公共の福祉のため警察に与えられた国家作用の一つであり、警察にはこれを遂行すべき責務があるのであるから（警察法二条一項参照）、警察官が犯罪捜査の必要上写真を撮影する際、その対象の中に犯人のみならず第三者である個人の容ぼう等が含まれても、これが許容される場合がありうるものといわなければならない。」と述べ、肖像の保護にも一定の制限が存在することを認めた。例文帳に追加

While approving the need for protection of the portrait right, the aforementioned Superior Court judgment states that "the right of individuals should not, however, be limitlessly protected against the exercise of state power. It is evident from Article 13 of the Constitution that such right should be limited in light of balancing with the need for maintenance of public welfare. Crime investigation is one of the state powers delegated to the police for the purpose of maintenance of public welfare, and the police bears the responsibility to exercise such power (see Article 2, Paragraph 1 of the Police Law (keisatsu ho)). Therefore, even if the photographs taken by the policemen for the necessity of crime investigation happen to include the appearances of individuals in addition to the image of the suspects, it might be permissible depending on the case." This judgment held that the protection of portrait rights may be limited to a certain extent.  - 経済産業省

第二条　この法律において「公益通報」とは、労働者（労働基準法（昭和二十二年法律第四十九号）第九条に規定する労働者をいう。以下同じ。）が、不正の利益を得る目的、他人に損害を加える目的その他の不正の目的でなく、その労務提供先（次のいずれかに掲げる事業者（法人その他の団体及び事業を行う個人をいう。以下同じ。）をいう。以下同じ。）又は当該労務提供先の事業に従事する場合におけるその役員、従業員、代理人その他の者について通報対象事実が生じ、又はまさに生じようとしている旨を、当該労務提供先若しくは当該労務提供先があらかじめ定めた者（以下「労務提供先等」という。）、当該通報対象事実について処分（命令、取消しその他公権力の行使に当たる行為をいう。以下同じ。）若しくは勧告等（勧告その他処分に当たらない行為をいう。以下同じ。）をする権限を有する行政機関又はその者に対し当該通報対象事実を通報することがその発生若しくはこれによる被害の拡大を防止するために必要であると認められる者（当該通報対象事実により被害を受け又は受けるおそれがある者を含み、当該労務提供先の競争上の地位その他正当な利益を害するおそれがある者を除く。次条第三号において同じ。）に通報することをいう。例文帳に追加

Article 2 (1) The term "Whistleblowing" as used in this Act shall mean whistleblowing made by a worker (which shall mean worker as provided for in Article 9 of the Labor Standards Act (Act No. 49 of 1947); the same shall apply hereinafter), without a purpose of obtaining an wrongful gain, a purpose of causing damages to others, or any other wrongful purpose, about Reportable Fact that has been occurred, is being occurred or is about to be occurred by "Business Operator" (which shall mean any of the following business operators (which shall mean juridical person, other organization and individual who operates a business)), or such persons as officer, employee or agent in the workplace where the worker is occupied in performing the Business Operator's business activities, to the said Business Operator or the person designated by the said Business Operator in advance (hereinafter referred to as "Business Operator, etc."), to an Administrative Organ with the authority to impose disposition (which shall mean an order, rescission, and other acts involving the exercise of public authority; the same shall apply hereinafter) or recommendation, etc. (which shall mean a recommendation and other acts which are not disposition; the same shall apply hereinafter) upon the said Reportable Fact, or to any person who are recognized to be necessary to do whistleblowing to the said Reportable Fact in order to prevent the occurrence thereof or the spread of damage caused thereby (including person who suffers or might suffer damage from the said Reportable Fact, but excluding any person who might cause damages to the competitive position or any other legitimate interests of the Business Operator; the same shall apply in Item (iii) of the following Article.).  - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム