Alternateとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin alternō (“take turns”), from alternus (“one after another, by turns”), from alter (“other”) + -rnus. See altern, alter.

発音

Adjective, noun

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ɒl.ˈtɜː(ɹ).nət/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈɔl.tɚ.nət/, /ˈɑl.tɚ.nət/

Verb

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈɒl.tə(ɹ).ˌneɪt/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈɔl.tɚ.neɪt/, /ˈɑl.tɚ.neɪt/

形容詞

alternate (not comparable)

1. Happening by turns; one following the other in succession of time or place; first one and then the other (repeatedly)

   Alternate picking is a guitar playing technique.

   • 1709, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Criticism, London: […] W. Lewis […], published 1711, OCLC 15810849:

     And bid alternate passions fall and rise

   • 1960 September, “Talking of Trains: Newcastle signal area enlarged”, in Trains Illustrated, page 522:

     One of the two boxes displaced by the new Pelaw installation will be Springwell, between Boldon Colliery and Pelaw, which has recently had the distinction of being manned by a husband and wife on alternate shifts.

   • 2021 December 15, Robin Leleux, “Awards honour the best restoration projects: The Arch Company Award for Urban Heritage: Knaresborough”, in RAIL, number 946, page 56:

     The service is half-hourly as far as Harrogate and Knaresborough, with alternate trains going on to York.

2. (mathematics) Designating the members in a series, which regularly intervene between the members of another series, as the odd or even numbers of the numerals; every other; every second.

   the alternate members 1, 3, 5, 7, etc.

3. (US) Other; alternative.

   Hyperlinked text is displayed in alternate color in a Web browser.

   He lives in an alternate universe and an alternate reality.

4. (botany, of leaves) Distributed singly at different heights of the stem, and at equal intervals as respects angular divergence^[1]

   Many trees have alternate leaf arrangement (e.g. birch, oak かつ mulberry).

使用する際の注意点

• In British English this adjective means, according to OED and other sources, one after the other or similar. It does not mean the same as alternative, which OED specifically marks as an American meaning of alternate. In international English it is thus thought better to observe the British distinction: then the meanings of alternative and alternate will be clear to everyone.

派生語

関連する語

• alternation
• alternative

名詞

alternate (複数形 alternates)

1. That which alternates with something else; vicissitude.
   • 1718, Mat[thew] Prior, “Solomon on the Vanity of the World. A Poem in Three Books.”, in Poems on Several Occasions, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], and John Barber […], OCLC 5634253, (please specify the page):

     Grateful alternates of substantial peace.

2. (US) A substitute; an alternative; one designated to take the place of another, if necessary, in performing some duty.
3. (mathematics) A proportion derived from another proportion by interchanging the means.
4. (US) A replacement of equal or greater value or function.
5. (heraldry) Figures or tinctures that succeed each other by turns.

動詞

alternate (三人称単数 現在形 alternates, 現在分詞 alternating, 過去形および過去分詞形 alternated)

1. (transitive) To perform by turns, or in succession; to cause to succeed by turns; to interchange regularly.
   • 1701, Nehemiah Grew, Cosmologia Sacra:

     The most high God, in all things appertaining unto this life, for sundry wise ends alternates the disposition of good and evil.

2. (intransitive) To happen, succeed, or act by turns; to follow reciprocally in place or time; followed by with.

   The flood and ebb tides alternate with each other.

3. (intransitive) To vary by turns.

   The land alternates between rocky hills and sandy plains.

4. (transitive, geometry) To perform an alternation (removal of alternate vertices) on (a polytope または tessellation); to remove vertices (from a face または edge) as part of an alternation.
   • 1932, Harold Scott Macdonald Coxeter, The densities of the regular polytopes, part 2‎^[1], reprinted in 1995, F. Arthur Sherk, Peter Mcmullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivić Weiss (editors), Kaleidoscopes: Selected Writings of H. S. M. Coxeter, page 54:

     This case suggests that the alternation of a polyhedron should be bounded by actual vertex figures and alternated faces. The case of the cube is in agreement with this notion, since the alternated square is nothing.

派生語

参考

• variant

Further reading