together.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Late Middle English together, from earlier togedere, togadere, from 古期英語 tōgædere (“together”), from Proto-West Germanic *tōgadura, *tegadura, from Proto-Germanic *tō (“to”) + *gadar (“together”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, keep”), equivalent to to-2 +‎ gather. Cognate with Scots togiddir, thegither (“together”), Old Frisian togadera (whence West Frisian togearre (“together”)), Dutch tegader (“together”), Middle Low German tōgāder (“together”), Middle High German zegater (“together”). Compare also 古期英語 ætgædere (“together”), 古期英語 ġeador (“together”). More at gather.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /tʊˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/, /təˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /tʊˈɡɛðɚ/, /təˈɡɛðɚ/
• 韻: -ɛðə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: to‧geth‧er

副詞

together (not comparable)

1. At the same time, in the same place; in close association or proximity.

   We went to school together.

   • 1620, Giovanni Bocaccio, translated by John Florio, The Decameron, Containing an Hundred Pleaſant Nouels: Wittily Diſcourſed, Betweene Seuen Honourable Ladies, and Three Noble Gentlemen‎^[1], Isaac Iaggard, Nouell 8, The Eighth Day:

     […] purſued his vnneighbourly purpoſe in ſuch ſort: that hee being the ſtronger perſwader, and ſhe (belike) too credulous in beleeuing or elſe ouer-feeble in reſiſting, from priuate imparlance, they fell to action; and continued their cloſe fight a long while together, vnſeene and vvithout ſuſpition, no doubt to their equall ioy and contentment.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     “ […] This is Mr. Churchill, who, as you are aware, is good enough to come to us for his diaconate, and, as we hope, for much longer; and being a gentleman of independent means, he declines to take any payment.” Saying this Walden rubbed his hands together and smiled contentedly.

2. Into one place; into a single thing; combined.

   He put all the parts together.

   • a1420, The British Museum Additional MS, 12,056, “Wounds complicated by the Dislocation of a Bone”, in Robert von Fleischhacker, editor, Lanfranc's "Science of cirurgie."‎^[2], London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co, translation of original by Lanfranc of Milan, published 1894, →ISBN, page 63:

     Ne take noon hede to brynge togidere þe parties of þe boon þat is to-broken or dislocate, til viij. daies ben goon in þe wyntir, & v. in þe somer; for þanne it schal make quytture, and be sikir from swellynge; & þanne brynge togidere þe brynkis eiþer þe disiuncture after þe techynge þat schal be seid in þe chapitle of algebra.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. […] A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.

3. In a relationship or partnership, for example a business relationship or a romantic partnership.

   Bob and Andy went into business together.  Jenny and Mark have been together since they went on holiday to Mexico.

   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     A chap named Eleazir Kendrick and I had chummed in together the summer afore and built a fish-weir and shanty at Setuckit Point, down Orham way. For a spell we done pretty well.

4. Without intermission or interruption; continuously; uninterruptedly.
   • 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 218:

     He would weep for hours together, and I verily believe that to the very end this spoilt child of life thought his weak tears in some way efficacious.

   It has been raining four days together

使用する際の注意点

• In an invitation, it is usually implied that the speaker is included in "together". For example,

  Would you like to go to lunch together?

is equivalent to

Would you like to go to lunch with me?

同意語

• (at the same time): at the same time, concurrently; see also Thesaurus:simultaneously
• (into one place):
• (in a relationship または partnership): collectively, jointly; see also Thesaurus:jointly
• (without intermission または interruption):

反意語

• apart

派生語

形容詞

together (comparative more together, superlative most together)

1. (informal) Coherent; well-organized.

   Antonyms: disorganized, incoherent, untogether

   He’s really together.

派生語

• untogether