Proudとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 proud, prout, prut, from 古期英語 prūd, prūt (“proud, arrogant, haughty”) (compare 古期英語 prȳtung (“pride”); prȳde, prȳte (“pride”)), probably from Old French prod, prud (“brave, gallant”) (modern French preux), from Late Latin prōde (“useful”), derived from Latin prōdesse (“to be of value”); however, the 古期英語 umlaut derivatives prȳte, prȳtian, etc. suggest the word may be older and possibly native. Compare Old Norse prýði (“ornament; gallantry, bravery”). See also pride.

Cognate with German Low German praud, Old Norse prúðr (“gallant, brave, magnificent, stately, handsome, fine”) (Icelandic prúður, Middle Swedish prudh, Danish prud).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈpɹaʊ̯d/
• (Southern 米国発音, Midland 米国発音, Mid-Atlantic 米国発音, New York City, General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈpɹæʊ̯d/
• (Pittsburgh, General South African, /aʊ̯/-monophthongization) IPA: /ˈpɹaːd/
• 韻: -aʊd
• ハイフネーション: proud
• Homophone: prowed

形容詞

proud (comparative prouder or more proud, superlative proudest or most proud)

1. Feeling honoured (by something); feeling happy or satisfied about an event or fact; gratified.

   We're proud of having won / to have won.

   • 1984, 19:33 from the start, in Dune‎ (Science Fiction), spoken by Leto Atreides and Paul Atreides, →OCLC:

     LETO: Thufir Hawat has served House Atreides three generations. He swears you are the finest student he has ever taught. Yueh, Gurney and Duncan say the same. Makes me feel very proud.
     PAUL: I want you to be proud of me.

   • 2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Collector Base:

     Shepard: It's been a long journey, and no one's coming out without scars. But it all comes down to this moment.
     Shepard: We win or lose it all in the next few minutes. Make me proud. Make yourselves proud.

   1. That makes one feel proud (of something one did)

      That was not the proudest thing I did but I can’t deny it.

2. Possessed of a due sense of what one deserves or is worth.

   I was too proud to apologise.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Justifiably Angry Young Man”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 93:

     I remember a lady coming to inspect St. Mary's Home where I was brought up and seeing us all in our lovely Elizabethan uniforms we were so proud of, and bursting into tears all over us because "it was wicked to dress us like charity children". We nearly crowned her we were so offended.

3. (chiefly biblical) Having too high an opinion of oneself; arrogant, supercilious, prideful.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Proverbs 16:5:

     Every one that is proud in heart is an abomination to the Lord: though hand ioyne in hand, he ſhall not be vnpuniſhed.

   • 1609 February–August (date written), J[ohn] Donne, “[Holy Sonnets] Sonnet VI [Death Be Not Proud]”, in Poems, […] with Elegies on the Authors Death, London: […] M[iles] F[lesher] for Iohn Marriot, […], published 1633, →OCLC, page 35:

     Death be not proud; though ſome have called thee / Mighty and dreadfull, for, thou art not ſoe, [...]

   • 1907, Hilaire Belloc, Cautionary Tales for Children, Godolphin Horne Who was cursed with the Sin of Pride, and Became a Boot-Black:

     Godolphin Horne was Nobly Born; / He held the human race in scorn, / And lived with all his sisters where / His father lived, in Berkeley Square. / And oh! The lad was deathly proud! / He never shook your hand or bowed, / But merely smirked and nodded thus: / How perfectly ridiculous! / Alas! That such Affected Tricks / Should flourish in a child of six!

4. Generating a sense of pride; being a cause for pride.

   It was a proud day when we finally won the championship.

5. (Of things) standing upwards as in the manner of a proud person; stately or majestic.
   • 1966, James Workman, The Mad Emperor, Melbourne, Sydney: Scripts, page 77:

     Norsus [...] walked between the lines of soldiers in their bronze armour; keen swords in their hands and proud plumes fluttering from their helmets.

6. Standing out or raised; swollen.

   After it had healed, the scar tissue stood proud of his flesh.

   The weld was still a bit proud of the panel, so she ground it down flush.

7. (obsolete) Brave, valiant; gallant.
8. (obsolete) Excited by sexual desire; specifically of a female animal: in heat.

同意語

• (having reasonable sense of one's own worth): self-confident
• (having excessive sense of one's own worth): arrogant, vain, conceited; See also Thesaurus:arrogant

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “a reasonable sense of one's own worth”): ashamed, humiliated, embarrassed; See also Thesaurus:embarrassed
• (antonym(s) of “an excessive sense of one's own worth”): humble, meek, modest; See also Thesaurus:humble

派生語

関連する語

• pride
• prude
• prideful

アナグラム

• pour'd, pudor

語源

From 古期英語 prūd, prūt.

発音

• IPA: /pruːd/

形容詞

proud

1. haughty, arrogant

派生した語

• English: proud
• Scots: pruid, proud
• Yola: proud
• →? Middle Irish: bród
  • Irish: bród
  • Scottish Gaelic: bròd

参照

• “prǒud, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.