Giftとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English gift (also yift, yifte, ȝift, ȝeft), partly from 古期英語 ġift (“giving, consideration, dowry, wedding”) and Old Norse gipt (“gift, present, wedding”); both from Proto-Germanic *giftiz (“gift”). Equivalent to give +‎ -th (etymologically yive + -th).

Cognate with West Frisian jefte (“gift”), Saterland Frisian Gift (“gift”), German Low German Gift (“poison”), Dutch gift (“gift”) and its doublet gif (“poison”), German Gift (“poison”), Swedish gift (“gift, poison, venom”), Icelandic gift (“gift”). Doublet of yift.

発音

• (米国発音, 英国発音) enPR: gĭft, IPA^(key): /ɡɪft/
• 韻: -ɪft

名詞

gift (複数形 gifts)

1. Something given to another voluntarily, without charge.
   • 1965, Herbert, Frank, Dune‎^[1] (Science Fiction), New York: Ace Books, OCLC 15383013, page 48‎^[2]:

     “I thank you for the gift, Dr. Yueh,” Paul said, speaking formally. “It will be our secret. If there is a gift or favor you wish from me, please do not hesitate to ask.”
     "I . . . need for nothing," Yueh said.

   • 2021 October 20, “Stop & Examine”, in RAIL, number 942, page 71:

     She bought the model as a surprise gift for a friend who is a lifelong HST fan and railwayman, and who will soon be celebrating a milestone birthday.

2. A talent or natural ability.

   She had a gift for playing the flute.

   • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 639762314:

     “ […] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons ! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”

3. Something gained incidentally, without effort.
4. The act, right, or power of giving or bestowing.

   The office is in the gift of the President.

同意語

• (something freely given by another): See Thesaurus:gift For beneficial actions, see favor.
• (something god-given): ability, aptitude, knack, talent, strength

派生語

派生した語

• → Japanese: ギフト (gifuto)

参考

• lagniappe

動詞

gift (三人称単数 現在形 gifts, 現在分詞 gifting, 過去形および過去分詞形 gifted)

1. (transitive) To give as a gift or donation.
2. (transitive) To give away, to concede easily.
   • 2011 September 28, Jon Smith, “Valencia 1 - 1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport‎^[3]:

     Chelsea threw away two points when substitute Salomon Kalou gifted Valencia a penalty five minutes from time with a needless handball.

同意語

• contribute
• donate
• give

関連する語

アナグラム

• T.G.I.F., TGIF

別の表記

• ġyft

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz. Cognate with Old Frisian jeft, Old Saxon *gift (in sundargift (“privilege”, literally “special gift”)), Dutch gift, Old High German gift (German Gift), Old Norse gipt (> English gift), Gothic ���������������� (fragifts).

発音

• IPA^(key): /jift/

名詞

ġift f

1. marriage payment, dowry
2. (in the 複数形 かつ in compounds) wedding

語形変化

派生した語

• Middle English: yifte, ȝift, gift
  • English: gift, yift
  • Scots: gyft, gift
  • Yola: giftes (複数形)