英和和英

読み方 かける

他動詞

1

（＝吊り下げる）to hang

用例

• 看板を掛ける
  to hang out a sign―put up a signboard

• 帽子を掛ける
  to hang a hat
• 帽子を帽子掛けに掛ける
  to hang a hat on the rack
• 幕を掛ける
  to hang a curtain
• 窓に幕を掛ける
  to hang a window with a curtain
• 手拭いを固く絞って掛けておけ
  Wring your towel dry, and hang it up.
• 彼は自分の肖像を画かせてこれを会堂に掛けさせた
  He caused his own portrait to be painted and hung in the hall.
• 羊頭を掛けて狗肉を売る
  to cry mutton and sell dog―“show one bread and give one a stone”―impose upon the public

2

（＝被せる）to cover （one with anything）; to put （one thing） over （another）; to lay （one thing） on （another）

用例

• 蒲団をかける
  to cover one with bedclothes

• 寒いからよく蒲団をかけてお休み
  You must cover yourself up warm.
• 卓子に卓布をかける
  to lay a cloth on the table―（第二構文が普通）―lay the table with cloth
• 顔にベールをかける
  to put a veil over one's face

3

（＝もたせかける）to set （one thing） on or against （another）

用例

• 屋根に梯子を掛ける
  to set up a ladder against the roof

• 卓上にひじをかける
  to rest one's elbow on the table
• 人の膝に手をかける
  to lay a hand on one's lap

4

用例

• 水をかける
  to throw water on anything―pour water on anything―sprinkle water on anything―splash one with water

• 火に水をかける
  to throw water on the flames
• 身体に水をかける
  to pour water one oneself―rinse oneself
• 彼の頭に桶で水をかけてやった
  I dashed a bucket of water over his head.
• 店の小僧に水をかけられた
  A shop-boy splashed me with water.
• 花に水をかける
  to water the flowers
• 油に火のついた時は水をかけても駄目だ
  It is no use throwing water on burning oil.
• 油をかける
  to pour oil on the fire―set one on
• 魚に塩をかける
  to sprinkle salt on fish―（第二構文が普通）―sprinkle fish with salt
• 火をかける
  to set fire to a building
• 火に灰をかける
  to bank a fire

5

用例

• 腰をかける
  to sit―sit down―seat oneself―be seated

• 彼は椅子にかけている
  He is sitting in a chair―sitting on a chair―seated in a chair.
• おかけなさい
  Please sit down
  Please be seated
  Please take a chair.
• 彼は僕のそばにかけた
  He sat down―seated himself―by me.
• どっかと椅子に腰をかけた
  He sank into a chair.

6

用例

• 眼鏡をかける
  to wear spectacles

• 彼は眼鏡をかけて手紙を読んだ
  He put on his spectacles, and read the letter.
• 彼は金縁の眼鏡をかけている
  He is wearing gold-rimmed spectacles
  He has gold-rimmed spectacles on
  He is in gold-rimmed spectacles.
• 眼鏡をかけて読書している
  He is reading with spectacles on―in spectacles.
• 胸に時計をかけている
  He wears a watch on his breast.
• 胸に勲章をかけている
  He wears a decoration on his breast.

7

用例

• 橋をかける
  to build a bridge over a river―throw a bridge across a river―bridge a river

• 河に橋がかけてある
  There is a bridge over the river
  There is a bridge across the river
  A bridge is built over the river
  A bridge is thrown across the river
  A bridge spans the river
  The river is bridged.
• 桟橋をかける
  to throw out a pier
• 鉄道をかける
  to lay a railway
• 電線をかける
  to lay a line

8

用例

• 網をかける
  to set a net

• 網をかけて待つ
  to set a net for one's victim
• 係蹄｛わな｝をかける
  to set a trap―lay a snare
• 係蹄をかけて待つ
  to set a trap―lay a snare―for one's victim

9

用例

• 罪人に縄を掛ける
  to bind a criminal―put a criminal in bonds

• 彼は縄を掛けて護送された
  He was sent to prison in bonds.
• あれは親の首に縄を掛ける奴だ
  He will involve his own father in crime.

10

用例

• 錠を掛ける
  to lock the door

• 掛け金を掛ける
  to latch the door
• 戸に錠が掛けてある
  The door is locked―on the lock.
• 錠が掛けてない
  The door is not locked―off the lock.
• 掛け金だけ掛けてある
  The door is latched―on the latch.
• 掛け金も掛けてない
  The door is not latched―off the latch.

11

用例

• 鍋を火にかける
  to put a pot over the fire

• この土瓶は火にかけて大丈夫か
  Will this pot stand the fire?
  Can I put the pot over the fire?
• 火にかけると匂いが抜ける
  Show it the fire, and the smell will go off.

12

用例

• 目方を掛ける
  to weigh anything

• この手紙を掛けてみて下さい
  Please weigh this letter.
• 秤に掛ける
  to weigh anything in the balance

13

用例

• 税をかける
  to lay a tax on―impose a tax on―levy a tax on―anything

• 贅沢品には重い税をかけるがよい
  Heavy taxes ought to be imposed on articles of luxury.

14

用例

• 金をかける
  to spend money on anything

• あの人は着物に金をかける
  He spends much money on his clothes.
• 彼は多大な金をかけて息子に修行をさせた
  He spent a great sum of money on his son's education
  He educated his son at great expense.
• 今度の普請にはだいぶかけたろう
  He must have spent a great deal on his new house
  His new house must have cost a great deal.
• 彼は一万円かけて普請をした
  He spent 10,000 yen on his new house
  He built his house at a cost of 10,000 yen.
• 彼は商売道具に金をかける
  He lays out much money on his stock-in-trade.
• 軍艦は巨大な金をかけて造る
  Warships are built at enormous costs.
• 時間をかける
  to give time to―devote time to―anything
• 時間をかけたならできないこともあるまい
  It might be done if enough time were given to it.
• 人数をかける
  to put men to the work
• 職人を十人もかけたら一日にできよう
  The work might be done in one day if ten men were put to it―（他動詞構文にすれば）―Ten men will do the work in one day.

15

用例

• 問をかける
  to put a question to one

• 謎をかける
  to put a puzzle to one―propose a riddle to one
• 君に一つ謎をかけよう
  I will give you a puzzle to guess.
• 暗に謎をかける
  to drop a hint―let fall a hint―throw out a hint
• かまをかける
  to surprise one into confession
• かまをかけられて言ってしまった
  I was surprised into confession.

16

用例

• 電信をかける
  to telegraph to one―wire one a message―telegraph one a message

• その節はそのように電報をかけて下さい
  In that case, you will wire me to that effect.
• 電話をかける
  to telephone to one―phone to one―call one up （to the telephone）―ring one up （on the telephone）
• 電話をかけたいのです
  I wish to use the telephone.
• 何番へおかけになりますか
  What number do you want to ring up?
• いくら電話をかけても通じない
  I rang him up several times, but there was no reply
  I could not get him on the telephone.

17

用例

• 声をかける
  to shout to one―call to one

• 彼に声をかけて危険を警戒した
  I shouted to him to warn him of the danger.
• 車夫に声をかけて止まれと言った
  I called to the jinrikishaman to stop.
• 言葉をかける
  to accost one
• 話しかける
  to speak to one―address one

18

用例

• 心配をかける
  to give one anxiety―cause one anxiety―occasion one anxiety

• ご心配をかけてすみません
  I am sorry to have caused you anxiety.
• 帰りが遅いので心配をかけてはと思って急いで帰って来た
  I returned in haste, lest I should occasion you anxiety at my long absence.
• 手数をかける
  to give one trouble―cause one trouble―occasion one trouble
• ご面倒をかけてすみません
  I am sorry to give you trouble―put you to trouble.
• 迷惑をかける
  to cause one inconvenience―put one to inconvenience
• ご迷惑をかけてすみません
  Excuse me for inconveniencing you!
• 苦労をかける
  to give one trouble
• お前には苦労をかけた
  I have led you a hard life―led you a dog's life of it.
• それは親に苦労をかけた罰だ
  That is a judgment for bringing your father's gray hairs to the grave.

19

用例

• 思いをかける
  （男が女に）to love―fall in love with―a girl―（女が男に）―fix her affections on a man

• 情けをかける
  （不幸な人に対してなら）to take pity on the unfortunate―take compassion on the unfortunate―（罪人に対してなら）―have mercy on a sinner―（男女間なら）―love a man or a woman.
• 目をかける
  to show one kindness―be kind to one
• 可哀そうな子だから目をかけておやりなさい
  Be kind to the poor child!

20

用例

• 心にかける
  to keep anything in mind―bear anything in mind

• 気にかける
  to take anything to heart―lay anything to heart
• 彼は失敗したのをたいそう気にかけている
  He takes his failure seriously （to heart）.
• なに些細なことだ、気にかけることはない
  Why, it is a trifle, Never mind!

21

用例

• 手にかける
  to handle―manage―deal with―a person or thing

• こんな病気を手にかけたのは初めてだと医者が言う
  The doctor says he never handled such a case before.
• 彼は支那の学生を手にかけたことがある
  He has experience with Chinese students.
• 手にかけて殺す
  to kill a man with one's own hand
• 大工の手にかけりゃ造作も無いことだ
  It will be an easy task for a carpenter.

22

用例

• 病人を医者にかける
  to place an invalid under the care of a physician―place an invalid under medical treatment―commit an invalid to a doctor's care

• 医者にもかけてみたがどうもはかばかしくない
  We have called in the doctor, but the invalid is not doing well.
• もう医者にかけても駄目だ
  It is no use sending for the doctor now
  He is past medical aid.

23

〈その他〉

何にかけては→『かけては（掛けては）』

用例

• 六に四を掛ける
  to multiply six by four

• 電気をかける
  to electrify anything―charge anything with electricity
• 時計をかける
  to wind up a watch
• 機械をかける
  to set a machine going
• 願をかける
  to put up a prayer―prefer a petition
• お目にかけましょう
  I will show it you―submit it to your inspection.
• 鼻にかける
  to be proud of anything
• 彼は好男子を鼻にかけている
  He is vain of his good looks.
• よりをかける
  to give a string a firmer twist
• 腕によりをかけて探してみよう
  I will do my utmost―strain every nerve―to find such a man.
• 洋服に brush をかける
  to brush a coat
• ペテンにかける
  to swindle a man
• ペテンにかけて金を取る
  to swindle a man out of his money―swindle money out of a man
• 掛け金を掛ける
  to pay one's monthly instalment
• 口をかける
  to call a geisha―offer one a position
• あんな者は歯牙にかけぬ
  I take no account of such men
  Such men are beneath my notice.
• 馬の蹄にかけられる
  to be kicked by a horse
• 賞を懸ける
  to offer a reward
• 牝牛に牡牛をかけた
  to put a bull to a cow―put a cow to a bull

24

〈接尾動詞〉（何をしかける）to begin （doing something）

用例

• この本を読みかけている
  I have begun reading this book.

• 英語がわかりかけて来た
  I begin to understand English better.
• 人が死にかけている
  The man is dying
  He lies at the point of death.
• 花が開きかけている
  The flowers are opening.
• 手紙を書きかけている
  I am going to write a letter.