FATとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: făt, IPA: /fæt/
• 韻: -æt
• Homophone: phat

語源 1

From 中期英語 fat, from 古期英語 fǣtt (“fatted, fat”), from Proto-West Germanic *faitid (“fatted”), originally the past participle of the verb *faitijan (“to make fat”), from *fait (“fat”).

形容詞

fat (comparative fatter, superlative fattest)

1. Carrying more fat than usual on one's body; plump; not lean or thin.

   The fat man had problems going through the door.

   The fattest pig should yield the most meat.

   • 1932, New Orleans (La.) Board of Health, Vox Sanitatis

     While Hennessey is pouring the milk, the fat guy with the big pot-belly, will come over and write a lot of junk in his little book.

   • 1976 September 29, Richard Flaste, “Viewing Childhood As it Is”, in The New York Times‎:

     […] Ruth‐ellen Stark and Elizabeth Ryan are about ten times fatter, but even they can't compare to Bruce…”

   • 1994, Craig Brown, The hounding of John Thomas:

     And there he stood, as uncouth as ever, naked as the day he was born, but fatter and chinnier and even more self-satisfied […]

   • 2014, Isabel Quintero, Gabi, a Girl in Pieces, Cinco Puntos Press, →ISBN, page 46:

     Because, really, who would like the fat girl? Sebastian said I was crazy for thinking that.

2. Thick; large.

   The fat wallets of the men from the city brought joy to the peddlers.

   • 1861, Charles James Lever, A Day's Ride:

     The thickest salmon, the curdiest trout, the fattest partridge, and the most tender woodcock smoked on his board, and, rumor said, cooked with a delicacy that more pretentious houses could not rival.

3. Bulbous; rotund.
   • 1908, W[illiam] B[lair] M[orton] Ferguson, chapter IV, in Zollenstein, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

     So this was my future home, I thought! […] Backed by towering hills, the but faintly discernible purple line of the French boundary off to the southwest, a sky of palest Gobelin flecked with fat, fleecy little clouds, it in truth looked a dear little city; the city of one's dreams.

4. Bountiful.
5. Oily; greasy; unctuous; rich (said of food).
6. (obsolete) Exhibiting the qualities of a fat animal; coarse; heavy; gross; dull; stupid.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 6:10, column 1:

     Make the heart of this people fat, […]

   • 1855 July 21, Ralph Waldo Emerson, letter to Walter Whitman

     making our western wits fat & mean

7. Fertile; productive.

   a fat soil; a fat pasture

   • 1974, “Which Way Africa”, performed by Tunji Oyelana:

     Land was fatter, soil was rich, hands were many

8. Rich; producing a large income; desirable.

   a fat benefice; a fat office;  a fat job

   • 1882, Thomas Carlyle, Reminiscences:

     now parson of Troston, a fat living in Suffolk

9. Abounding in riches; affluent; fortunate.
   • 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:
     , "Why Christ's Doctrine was Rejected"

     persons grown fat and wealthy by a long and successful imposture

10. (dated, printing) Of a character which enables the compositor to make large wages; said of matter containing blank, cuts, or many leads, etc.

    a fat take; a fat page

11. (golf) Being a shot in which the ground is struck before the ball.
    • 1992, DeDe Owens, Linda K. Bunker, Advanced Golf: Steps to Success, page 81:

      Hitting a thin shot from a fairway bunker is more productive than hitting a fat shot.

12. (theater) Of a role: significant; major; meaty.
    • 1965, Edmund Fuller, A Pageant of the Theatre, page 131:

      He is what the theatre calls a “fat” role — a man suddenly confronted by a terrible duty. He is called upon to revenge the murder of his father and to right a wrong against the state.

    • 1997, Harold Clurman, On Directing, page 12:

      He seeks a fat role in a hit show, lest he diminish his market value.

    • 2012, Greg Robinson, Larry S. Tajiri, Pacific Citizens, page 9:

      Joe Hirakawa, formerly of the Seattle Civic Repertory Theatre, was a waterfront peddler in “Madame Butterfly” and had a fat role in “Beauty Parlor,” an indie.

13. (slang) Being greatly or substantially such; real.
    • 1970-1975, Lou Sullivan, personal diary, quoted in 2019, Ellis Martin, Zach Ozma (editors), We Both Laughed In Pleasure

      I'd've liked to hang around but the guys were in a fat hurry.

14. (computing) Carrying additional data or functionality.

    fat client

    a fat pointer

15. Alternative form of phat.
    • 2011, Joe Shambro, How to Start a Home-based DJ Business, page 19:

      This isn't a place to talk about “hitting the decks” and making “fat beats”—you're not selling to an industry peer.

同意語

• (carrying a larger than normal amount of fat): chubby, chunky, corpulent, lardy (slang), obese, overweight, plump, porky (slang), rotund, tubby, well-fed; see also Thesaurus:obese
• (thick): thick
• (bountiful): bountiful, prosperous

反意語

• Of sense (antonym(s) of “carrying a larger than normal amount of fat”): lean, skinny, slender, slim, thin

派生語

派生した語

• Sranan Tongo: fatu

語源 2

From 中期英語 fat, fatt, fatte, from the adjective above, and possibly from 古期英語 fǣt (“fat”, recorded once), from Proto-West Germanic *fait, from Proto-Germanic *faitą, *faitaz (“fat”).

名詞

fat (usually uncountable, plural fats)

1. (uncountable) A specialized animal tissue with high lipid content, used for long-term storage of energy: fat tissue.

   Hyponym: blubber

   Mammals that hibernate have plenty of fat to keep them warm during the winter.

   1. Such tissue as food: the fatty portion of (or trimmings from) meat cuts.

      Ask the butcher for a few pounds of fat for our greens.

2. (countable) A lipid that is solid at room temperature, which fat tissue contains and which is also found in the blood circulation; sometimes, a refined substance chemically resembling such naturally occurring lipids.

   Dietary fat is not the evil that it was once misapprehended to be; carbs are increasingly recognized as a bigger driver of atherosclerosis via chronic insulin resistance and the vascular processes that cascade from it.

   • 2018, Kristin Lawless, Formerly known as food, →ISBN, page 32:

     In fact, the fats that are most stable and least likely to oxidize with heat are the highly saturated fats we've long been told to avoid—lard, tallow, butter, and coconut and palm oils.

3. That part of an organization deemed wasteful.

   We need to trim the fat in this company

4. (slang) An erection.

   I saw Daniel crack a fat.

5. (golf) A poorly played shot where the ball is struck by the top part of the club head. (see also thin, shank, toe)
6. The best or richest productions; the best part.

   to live on the fat of the land

7. (dated, printing) Work containing much blank, or its equivalent, and therefore profitable to the compositor.
8. (informal, derogatory) A fat person.
   • 1996, Roger Stone, "Local Swing Fever", highlighted by National Enquirer in September 1996 and Daily Mail in January 2019

     Prefer military, bodybuilders, jocks. No smokers or fats please.

9. A beef cattle fattened for sale.
   • 1934, Henry G. Lamond, An Aviary On The Plains, page 7:

     Before riding over to the fats we'll have a look about us.

同意語

• (animal tissue): adipose tissue, lard (in animals; derogatory slang when used of human fat), suet (perivisceral type)
• (substance chemically resembling the oils in animal fat): grease, lard
• (fat person): fatty, fatso see also Thesaurus:fat person

派生語

派生した語

• Sranan Tongo: fatu

参考

• fat on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• lipic
• lipid

動詞

fat (third-person singular simple present fats, present participle fatting, simple past and past participle fatted)

1. (transitive, archaic) To make fat; to fatten.

   kill the fatted calf

2. (intransitive, archaic) To become fat; to fatten.
3. (transitive, golf) To hit (a golf ball) with a fat shot.
   • 2019 April 2, Rick Reilly, How and why President Trump cheats at golf — even when he’s playing against Tiger Woods‎, archived from the original on 29 March 2022:

     “On this one hole, Donald hits his second and fats it into the water,” Faxon remembers. “But he quickly says to me, ‘Hey, throw me another ball; they weren’t looking.’ So I do. But he fats that one into the water, too. So he drives up and drops where he should’ve dropped the first time and hits it on the green.”

派生語

• fat up
• unfattable

語源 3

From 中期英語 fat, from 古期英語 fæt (“vat, vessel, jar, cup, casket, division”), from Proto-Germanic *fatą (“vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *pod- (“vessel”). Cognate with Dutch vat (“barrel, vessel”), German Fass (“barrel, drum”), Swedish fat (“barrel, dish, cask”). See vat.

名詞

fat (plural fats)

1. (obsolete) A large tub or vessel for water, wine, or other liquids; a cistern.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Joel 2:24, column 1:

     And the floores ſhall bee full of wheate, and the fats ſhall ouerflowe with wine and oyle.

   • 1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 429:

     In 1431 New College purchases brewing vessels, under the names of a mash fat, for 6s. 10d., a wort fat for 2s., a 'Gilleding' tub for 2s. 6d., and two tunning barrels at 8d. each, a leaden boiler for 24s., another for 12s., and a great copper beer pot for 13s. 4d.

2. (obsolete) A dry measure, generally equal to nine bushels.

同意語

• vat

派生語

• dryfat
• keelfat

参考

• fat choy (etymologically unrelated)

アナグラム

• AFT, ATF, FTA, TAF, TFA, Taf, aft, aft-, taf

別の表記

• faat, vat, vaat, fet, vet

発音

• IPA: /fat/, /faːt/, /vat/, /vaːt/

名詞

fat (plural fattes or faten)

1. vessel

派生した語

• English: vat, fat
• Scots: fat, vat, vautt
• Yola: vaat, vaate

参照

• “fā̆t, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

From 古期英語 fǣtt, from Proto-West Germanic *faitid.

別の表記

• faat, fet, feet, vat, vet

発音

• IPA: /fat/, /faːt/, /fɛt/, /fɛːt/, /vat/, /vɛt/

形容詞

fat

1. fattened, fatted

派生した語

• English: fat
• Yola: vat

参照

• “fā̆t, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.