raidとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Scots raid, from Middle English rade, northern variant of rode, from 古期英語 rād, whence also inherited road (“way, street”). This word originally meant “a riding, expedition, raid”, which sense fell into disuse in Early Modern English, but was revived in the northern form raid by Walter Scott in the early 19th century. The use for a swift police operation appears in the later 19th century and may perhaps have been influenced by French razzia (similar in both original meaning かつ sound).

発音

• IPA^(key): /ɹeɪd/
• 韻: -eɪd

名詞

raid (複数形 raids)

1. (military) A quick hostile or predatory incursion or invasion in a battle.
   • 1805, Sir Walter Scott, The Lay of the Last Minstrel, p. 109:

     Marauding chief! his sole delight / The moonlight raid, the morning fight.

   • 1872, Herbert Spencer, The Principles of Biology, vol. 1, p. 315:

     There are permanent conquests, temporary occupation, and occasional raids.

2. An attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering.

   a police raid of a narcotics factory

   a raid of contractors on the public treasury

   • 2004 April 15, “Morning swoop in hunt for Jodi's killer”, in The Scotsman‎^[1]:

     For Lothian and Borders Police, the early-morning raid had come at the end one of biggest investigations carried out by the force, which had originally presented a dossier of evidence on the murder of Jodi Jones to the Edinburgh procurator-fiscal, William Gallagher, on 25 November last year.

3. (sports) An attacking movement.
   • 2011 October 20, Jamie Lillywhite, “Tottenham 1 - 0 Rubin Kazan”, in BBC Sport‎^[2]:

     The athletic Walker, one of Tottenham's more effective attacking elements with his raids from right-back, made a timely intervention after Rose had been dispossessed and even Aaron Lennon was needed to provide an interception in the danger zone to foil another attempt by the Russians.

4. (Internet) An activity initiated at or towards the end of a live broadcast by the broadcaster that sends its viewers to a different broadcast, primarily intended to boost the viewership of the receiving broadcaster. This is frequently accompanied by a message in the form of a hashtag that is posted in the broadcast's chat by the viewers.
   • 2017 November 3, Ethan Gach, “What Twitch's New Raiding System Means For Streamers”, in Kotaku‎^[3], archived from the original on November 9, 2017:

     Now that Twitch is making raids an official part of the platform, however, some streamers think the new feature will make it easier to participate in the positive aspects of raiding.

   • 2017 October 20, Sarah Perez, “Twitch unveils a suite of new tools to help creators grow their channels and make money”, in TechCrunch‎^[4], archived from the original on November 4, 2017:

     Now streamers can use a new feature that lets their viewers join a raid then drive traffic to another streamer with just a click.

5. (online gaming) A large group in a massively multiplayer online game, consisting of multiple parties who team up to defeat a powerful enemy.

同意語

• (hostile または predatory invasion): attack, foray, incursion
• (attack または invasion for making arrests, seizing property, または plundering): irruption

派生語

• air raid, air-raid

動詞

raid (三人称単数 現在形 raids, 現在分詞 raiding, 過去形および過去分詞形 raided)

1. (transitive) To engage in a raid against.

   The police raided the gambling den.

   The soldiers raided the village and burned it down.

2. (transitive) To lure from another; to entice away from.
3. (transitive) To indulge oneself by taking from.

   I raided the fridge for snacks.

派生語

• raider
• ramraid

アナグラム

• Aird, Dair, Dari, IARD, Irad, arid, dari, dira, riad