dubとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From a Late 古期英語 (11th century) word dubbian (“to knight by striking with a sword”) perhaps borrowed from Old French aduber, adober (“equip with arms; adorn”) (also 11th century, Modern French adouber), from Frankish *dubban, from Proto-Germanic *dubjaną (“to fit”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“plug, peg, wedge”).

Cognate with Icelandic dubba (dubba til riddara). Compare also drub for an English reflex of the Germanic word.

動詞

dub (三人称単数 現在形 dubs, 現在分詞 dubbing, 過去形および過去分詞形 dubbed)

1. (transitive) (now historical) To confer knighthood; the conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the shoulder with a sword.
2. (transitive) To name, to entitle, to call. [from the later 16th c]
   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter V, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, OCLC 24962326:

     As a matter of fact its narrow ornate façade presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “near-aissance.”

   • 2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:

     Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. Piling debt onto companies’ balance-sheets is only a small part of what leveraged buy-outs are about, they insist. Improving the workings of the businesses they take over is just as core to their calling, if not more so. Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster.

3. (transitive) To deem.
   • 1733-1738, Alexander Pope, Imitations of Horace

     A man of wealth is dubbed a man of worth.

4. To clothe or invest; to ornament; to adorn.
   • 1470–1485 (date produced)​, Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, OCLC 71490786; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, OCLC 890162034:

     His diadem was dropped down / Dubbed with stones.

5. (heading) To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab.
   1. To dress with an adze.

      to dub a stick of timber smooth

   2. To strike cloth with teasels to raise a nap.
      • 1808, Annual Register:

        For dressing or dubbing cloths, either wet or dry, otherwise than by green cards and pickards

   3. To rub or dress with grease, as leather in the process of currying it.
      • 1852-1866, Charles Tomlinson, Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts and Manufactures

        When the skin is thoroughly cleansed, and while yet in its wet and distended state, the process of stuffing, or dubbing (probably a corruption of daubing), is performed. Both sides of the skin, but chiefly the flesh side, are smeared or daubed with a mixture of cod-oil and tallow

   4. To dress a fishing fly.
      • 1689, James Chetham, The Anglers Vade Mecum:

        if you can dub a Fly of the exact colour of the Natural Fly, Fish at that instant take, it's sufficient

6. To prepare (a gamecock) for fighting, by trimming the hackles and cutting off the comb and wattles.

同意語

• (to confer knighthood): knight
• (to name, to entitle, to call.): designate, name; see also Thesaurus:denominate
• (to deem): consider, think of; see also Thesaurus:deem
• (to clothe または invest): deck out, embellish; see also Thesaurus:decorate

派生語

語源 2

1505-1515 This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

動詞

dub (三人称単数 現在形 dubs, 現在分詞 dubbing, 過去形および過去分詞形 dubbed)

1. To make a noise by brisk drumbeats.
   • 1616–1619 (first performance)​, John Fletcher, “The Mad Lover”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, OCLC 3083972, Act I, scene i:

     Now the drum dubb's.

2. To do something badly.
3. (golf) To execute a shot poorly.

名詞

dub (複数形 dubs)

1. (rare) A blow, thrust, or poke.
   • 1662, [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge: University Press, 1905, OCLC 963614346:

     And kettle-drums, whose sullen dub
     Sounds like the hooping of a tub

語源 3

1885-90; Imitative, see also flub, flubdub

名詞

dub (複数形 dubs)

1. (slang, now historical) An unskillful, awkward person. [from the later part of the 19th c]
   • 1936, P. G. Wodehouse, There's Always Golf‎^[1], London: The Strand Magazine:

     As I came over the hill, I saw Ernest Plinlimmon and his partner, in whom I recognized a prominent local dub, emerging from the rough on the right. Apparently, the latter had sliced from the tee, and Ernest had been helping him find his ball.

   • 1969, Robert L. Vann, The Competitor (volumes 2-3, page 135)

     The miser, a-seeking lost gelt, / The doughboy, awaiting the battle, / May possibly know how I felt / While the long years dragged by as the dealer / As slow as the slowest of dubs, / Stuck out the last helping of tickets / 'Till I lifted—the Bullet of Clubs!

語源 4

From a shortening of the word double.

動詞

dub (三人称単数 現在形 dubs, 現在分詞 dubbing, 過去形および過去分詞形 dubbed)

1. To add sound to film or change audio on film. [from the first half of the 20th c]
2. To make a copy from an original or master audio tape.
4. To replace the original soundtrack of a film with a synchronized translation
5. To mix audio tracks to produce a new sound; to remix.

派生語

• overdub

参考

• ADR
• revoice

名詞

dub (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 dubs)

1. (music, countable) A mostly instrumental remix with all or part of the vocals removed.
2. (music, uncountable) A style of reggae music involving mixing of different audio tracks.
   • 2020 April 23, Alexis Petridis, “The Rolling Stones: Living in a Ghost Town review – their best new song in years”, in The Guardian:

     It’s also burnished by intriguing sense of vaguely dub-influenced space. At one point, it breaks down to little more than a stabbing, echoing organ with a vintage reggae flavour.

3. (music, uncountable) A trend in music starting in 2009, in which bass distortion is synced off timing to electronic dance music.
   • 2019 January 18, Jamie Dickson, “Khruangbin: “We’re not intending to create war with our music… It’s the absence of that aggression that a lot of rock bands have””, in Music Radar:

     But I think my bass playing is definitely dub-influenced.

   • 2020 July 20, Arun Chakal, “The Worked-Up Sound of Drum & Bass in Russia and Eastern Europe”, in Bandcamp Daily:

     Dyl’s polyrhythmic grooves on The Subsurface Project fuse dub techno and drum & bass, mixing modular sounds with hints of warm, jittery jungle.

   • 2020 August 3, Kane, “The Extended Cut: Zero T - Former Self EP [The North Quarter]”, in Magnetic Magazine:

     It reminded me of that classic Full Cycle vibe of jazzy soulful sounds blending with dub bass and fx.

4. (slang, countable) A piece of graffiti in metallic colour with a thick black outline.
   • 2001, Nancy Macdonald, The Graffiti Subculture, page 84:

     […] we climbed up the scaffolding and did these gold little dubs and you couldn't see them.

   • 2011, Justin Rollins, The Lost Boyz: A Dark Side of Graffiti, page 34:

     The year 1998 was alive with graffiti and trains pulling up with dubs on their sides.

5. (countable) The replacement of a voice part in a movie or cartoon, particularly with a translation; an instance of dubbing.

派生語

語源 5

From Celtic; compare Irish dobhar (“water”), Welsh dŵr (“water”).

名詞

dub (複数形 dubs)

1. (UK, dialect) A pool or puddle.
   • 1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, Limited., published 1886, OCLC 1056292939:

     “Has he nae friends?” said she, in a tearful voice.
     “That has he so!” cried Alan, “if we could but win to them!—friends and rich friends, beds to lie in, food to eat, doctors to see to him—and here he must tramp in the dubs and sleep in the heather like a beggarman.”

語源 6

From shortening of double dime (“twenty”).

名詞

dub (複数形 dubs)

1. (slang) A twenty-dollar sack of marijuana.
2. (slang) A wheel rim measuring 20 inches or more.

派生語

• dub sack

語源 7

From dup (“to open”), from do + up, from Middle English don up (“to open”).

動詞

dub (三人称単数 現在形 dubs, 現在分詞 dubbing, 過去形および過去分詞形 dubbed)

1. (obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) To open or close.
   • 1828, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, chapter LXXXIII, in Pelham: or The Adventures of a Gentleman‎^[2], page 402:

     "Crash the cull—down with him—down with him before he dubs the jigger. Tip him the degan, Fib, fake him through and through; if he pikes we shall all be scragged."

派生語

• dub up

名詞

dub (複数形 dubs)

1. (obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) A lock.
2. (obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) A key, especially a master key; a lockpick.
   • 1789, Parker, George, Life's Painter of Variegated Characters in Public and Private Life, page 162:

     […] going upon the dobbin, is a woman dressed like a servant maid, no hat nor cloak on, a bunch of young dubs by her side, which are a bunch of small keys […]

派生語

名詞

dub (複数形 dubs)

1. Clipping of double-u.
   • 2018, Corey Pein, Live Work Work Work Die: A Journey into the Savage Heart of Silicon Valley, Metropolitan Books, →ISBN, page 119:

     I once met a gaggle of Aussies who'd paid thousands of dollars out of their own pockets for airfare and registration to attend an annual Apple convention called the Worldwide Developers Conference, or WWDC—or, in this crowd, “Dub Dub.

   • 1997, Nelson Howell, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Microsoft Visual InterDev, Que Pub, →ISBN:

     World Wide Web or WWW
     Pronouncing this “dub dub dub " (with no rub-a) will definitely establish you as an insider.

   1. (video games, Internet slang) A win.

      I haven't had a dub in a few games

参考

アナグラム

• BDU, BUD, Bud, DBU, bud