dabとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /dæb/
• 韻: -æb

語源 1

From Middle English dabben (“to strike”), probably of North Germanic origin, related to Old Icelandic dabba (“to tap, slap”), perhaps ultimately imitative^[1]. Compare also with Middle Dutch dabben (“to pinch, knead, fumble, dabble”) (Dutch dabben (“(of a horse) to stamp with the forelegs”)), Dutch deppen (“to dab”), possibly German tappen (“to fumble, grope”).

The noun is from Middle English dabbe (“a strike, blow”), from the verb. Related to tap. Compare also drub, dub.

African-American sense of “playful box” perhaps influenced by dap (“fistbump”).

動詞

dab (三人称単数 現在形 dabs, 現在分詞 dabbing, 過去形および過去分詞形 dabbed)

1. (transitive) To press lightly in a repetitive motion with a soft object without rubbing.

   I dabbed my face with a towel.

2. (transitive) To apply a substance in this way.

   He dabbed moisturizing liquid on his face.

3. To strike by a thrust; to hit with a sudden blow or thrust.
   • 1532-1533, Thomas More, The Confutation of Tyndale's Answer

     to dabbe him in the necke

4. (slang) To apply hash oil to a heated surface for the purpose of efficient combustion.
5. (dance, intransitive) To perform the dab dance move, by moving both arms to one side of the body parallel with your head.
   • 2019, Stormzy, Vossi Bop:

     Look, my brothas don't dab, we just vossi bop

名詞

dab (複数形 dabs)

1. A soft tap or blow; a blow or peck from a bird's beak; an aimed blow.
   • 1865, Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend:

     I promise you nothing,' said the dolls' dressmaker, dabbing two dabs at him with her needle, as if she put out both his eyes.

   • 1917, Robert Hichens, In the Wilderness:

     Then the minute feet made feeble dabs, or stabs, at the atmosphere; the tiny fists doubled themselves and wandered to and fro as if in search of the enemy.

2. (African-American Vernacular) A soft, playful box given in greeting or approval.

   Coordinate terms: dap, fist bump, high five

   • 2006, Greta X, Angela Pearson, Whipsdom, page 75:

     She gave a few more dabs to his buttocks. “There. By the time you've made love to me those weals will have dried up.”

   • 2010, Adrianne Byrd, Body Heat, page 177:

     The men gave each other dabs and another bear hug.

   • 2010, De'nesha Diamond, Hustlin' Divas, page 220:

     Python snickers while he gives Rufus dabs. “Do you,nigga. Do you.” That shit just makes Rufus's lips stretch wider. “You see this, Peaches? This is like the Good Housekeeping seal of approval right here.”

     page 197: I step closer to Profit and draw in a deep, steadying breath while the brothers exchange dabs. “What's up, fam? I see you finally made it.”

3. A small amount, a blob of some soft or wet substance.

   Synonym: blob

   a dab of glue

   1. (slang) A small amount of hash oil.
4. (chiefly in the plural, dated, Britain) Fingerprint.
   • 2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 132:

     One had Glash's dabs on it and a half-inch of Macallan at the bottom.

5. (dance) A hip hop dance move in which the dancer simultaneously drops the head while raising an arm, briefly resting their face in the elbow, as if sneezing into their elbow.
6. (obsolete) A dabbler.

派生語

• poor dab
• smack-dab

関連する語

• dap
• dob
• tap

派生した語

• Irish: daba

副詞

dab (not comparable)

1. With a dab, or sudden contact.

参考

• daub

語源 2

Perhaps corrupted from adept.

名詞

dab (複数形 dabs)

1. One skilful or proficient; an expert; an adept.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:skilled person

   • c. 1759-1770?, Oliver Goldsmith, Essay

     One excels at a plan or the title page, another works away at the body of the book, and the third is a dab at an index.

   • 1791-92, Jane Austen, ‘A Collection of Letters’, Juvenilia:

     Indeed I had always heard what a dab he was at a Love-letter.

派生語

• dab hand
• dab-handed
• dabster

語源 3

Late Middle English dabbe, of unknown origin; perhaps related to sense 1 (“to press against lightly”) as in "a soft mass dabbed down."^[2]

名詞

dab (複数形 dabs)

2. A small flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae, especially Limanda limanda; a flounder.
3. (US) A sand dab, a small flatfish of genus Citharichthys.

派生した語

• → Irish: daba

語源 4

Back slang for bad.

形容詞

dab (comparative more dab, superlative most dab)

1. (obsolete, costermongers) Bad.

   Synonym: trosseno

   Antonyms: doog, doogheno

   • 1851, Mayhew, Henry, “Habits and Amusements of Costermongers”, in London Labour and the London Poor‎^[1], volume 1, page 11:

     Business topics are discussed in a most peculiar style. One man takes the pipe from his mouth and says, "Bill made a doogheno hit this morning." "Jem," says another, to a man just entering, "you'll stand a top o' reeb?" "On," answers Jem, "I've had a trosseno tol, and have been doing dab."

   • 2012, Quinn, Anthony, The Streets, →ISBN, page 33:

     One afternoon, arriving at his stall later than usual, I said, almost unknowingly, 'A doogheno or a dabheno?' Jo, who had often chaffed me for my awkward mimicking of coster language, didn't even look up from peeling his apple. 'Dab,' he said, with a little shake of his head.

参照

Further reading

• dab on Wikipedia.
• dab (dance) on Wikipedia.
• Oxford English Dictionary (1989)
• dab at OneLook Dictionary Search

アナグラム

• ABD, ADB, Abd., BDA, D.B.A., DBA, abd., bad, d/b/a, dba