dominateとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈdɒm.əˌneɪt/
• (米国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈdɑ.məˌneɪt/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈdɔm.əˌnæɪt/

動詞

dominate (三人称単数 現在形 dominates, 現在分詞 dominating, 過去形および過去分詞形 dominated)

1. To govern, rule or control by superior authority or power

   Antonyms: obey, submit

2. To exert an overwhelming guiding influence over something or someone

   Antonyms: obey, submit

3. To enjoy a commanding position in some field
   • 2011 October 15, Michael Da Silva, “Wigan 1 - 3 Bolton”, in BBC Sport‎^[2]:

     Individual mistakes proved costly for Wigan who, particularly after the half-time introduction of Hugo Rodallega, dominated for long periods.

4. To overlook from a height.
   • 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 67:

     Our arrival at Worcester is heralded by the appearance of the city's cathedral tower, a solid square structure that's dominated the skyline since the 12th century.

5. (computing, graph theory, linguistics) To precede another node of a directed graph in all paths from the start of the graph to the other node.

派生語

• male-dominated

関連する語

語源 2

Ultimately from Latin dominor (“rule, have dominion”), either from the perfect active participle Latin dominātus, or via phonetic alteration of the synonym dominant, from the present active participle Latin domināns. Compare the pair predominate, predominant.

発音

• (英国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈdɒmənət/
• (米国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈdɑːmənət/

形容詞

dominate (comparative more dominate, superlative most dominate)

1. Dominant.
   • 1918 August, Thomas J. Headlee, “Effective Methods of Fly Control. A Review of the Factors that Underlie the Problem”, in The Tropical Agriculturalist, volume 51, page 111:

     From the middle of June in 1913 and the first of July in 1914, it became the dominate species, forming 90 per cent. or more of the fauna, and remained so until the end of the season.

使用する際の注意点

• Dominate is less common than dominant as an adjective.
• Some usage guides consider it incorrect to use dominate as an adjective.^[1]

語源 3

From Latin dominātus (“rule, command”) (genitive 単数形 dominātūs).

名詞

dominate (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 dominates)

1. (historical) The late period of the Roman Empire, following the principate, during which the emperor's rule became more explicitly autocratic and remaining vestiges of the Roman Republic were removed from the formal workings of government; the reign of any particular emperor during this period.
   • 1973, Karl Loewenstein, The Governance of Rome, Martinus Nijhoff, page 238:

     During the Dominate this tendency was perfected to the point of dirigism in the modern sense, a state-directed society and state-controlled economy, obliterating, once again a prelude to modern times, the laissez-faire climate that had characterized the economic self-determination of the individual under the republic and the Principate.

   • 1996, Clare Krojzl (translator), Sebastian Hensel, III: From Diocletian to Alaric [1886, lecture notes], Theodor Mommsen (editor), A History of Rome Under the Emperors, C.H.Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Republished 2005, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), eBook, page 317,

     The dominate of Diocletian and Constantine differs more sharply from the principate than the latter does from the Republic.

   • 1997, Thomas Dunlap (translator), Herwig Wolfram, The Roman Empire and Its Germanic Peoples, [1990, Das Reich und die Germanen], University of California Press, 2005, Paperback, page 55,

     Once someone had attained senatorial dignity by way of the successful tenure of some appropriate magistracy, one of the most important mechanisms of the dominate kicked in: all social rankings and professions were to a large extent heritable.

使用する際の注意点

• The period begins 284 CE — the end of the Crisis of the Third Century and beginning of the reign of Diocletian, who instituted reforms.
  • In the west, it ends 476 CE, with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire.
  • In the east, the end is taken either to be 565 CE (the end of Justinian I's reign) or 641 CE (the end of Heraclius' reign).

等位語

• principate

参考

• tetrarchy

参照

Further reading

• “dominate”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “dominate”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• antimode, diamonte, nematoid, ominated

Latin

Participle

domināte

1. vocative masculine singular of dominātus