英和和英

発音

• enPR: tīt, IPA: /taɪt/
• 韻: -aɪt

語源 1

From 中期英語 tight, tyght, tyȝt, tiht, variants of thight, thiht, from 古期英語 *þiht, *þīht (attested in meteþiht), from Proto-West Germanic *þį̄ht(ī), from Proto-Germanic *þinhtaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tenkt- (“dense, thick, tight”), from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, pull”).

Cognate with Scots ticht, West Frisian ticht, Danish tæt, Icelandic þéttur (“dense”), Norwegian tett, Swedish tät, Dutch dicht (“dense”), German dicht (“dense”).

The current form with t- /t/ rather than etymologically-expected th- /θ/ arose in 中期英語 under the influence of the etymologically-unrelated verbs tighten and tight, which come from a different Proto-Indo-European root (starting with *d- and thus regularly having t-).

形容詞

tight (comparative tighter, superlative tightest)

1. Firmly held together; compact; not loose or open.

   a tight sponge; a tight knot

   Pull your seatbelts tight before takeoff.

   1. Unyielding or firm.

      tight control on a situation

   2. Under high tension; taut.

      Make sure to pull the rope tight.

      • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 17, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

        The face which emerged was not reassuring. It was blunt and grey, the nose springing thick and flat from high on the frontal bone of the forehead, whilst his eyes were narrow slits of dark in a tight bandage of tissue. […] .

      • 2011 November 10, Jeremy Wilson, “England Under 21 5 Iceland Under 21 0: match report”, in Telegraph:

        The only negative from a comfortable first-half was the sight of Aston Villa’s Nathan Delfouneso being withdrawn with a tight hamstring after only 11 minutes.

      • 2011 July 25, Don Peck, “Can the Middle Class Be Saved?”, in The Atlantic‎:

        Global supply chains, meanwhile, have grown both tighter and more supple since the late 1990s—the result of improving information technology and of freer trade—making routine work easier to relocate.

   3. (colloquial) Scarce, hard to come by.

      I grew up in a poor neighborhood; money was very tight, but we made do.

      • 1974, “Asia and the Pacific”, in Yearbook on International Communist Affairs 1974‎, Stanford, Cali.: Hoover Institution Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 428:

        China’s currency, the jenminpi, has remained stable; the Chinese assert that it is the "world’s most stable currency." This is generally conceded to be the result of the care with which the Chinese economy and its tight budget are managed.

   4. (informal, figurative, of persons or relationships) Intimate, close, close-knit, intimately friendly.

      We've grown tighter over the years.

      • 1985 April 20, Julie Ogletree, “Festival: Variety and Limits”, in Gay Community News, page 8:

        The drawbacks of being in a too-tight couple (there's no room to blow your nose)

   5. (slang, figurative, usually derogatory) Miserly or frugal.

      He's a bit tight with his money.

      • 1995, Jewel, “Who Will Save Your Soul”:

        You say he's a Jew, does it mean that he's tight?

   6. (slang) Short of money.
      • 2015, Melissa Pearl, Poker Face:

        I started gambling when you were about four. Your mom and I were pretty tight for cash and I thought what the heck, it could get us some quick money.

2. (of a space, design or arrangement) Narrow, such that it is difficult for something or someone to pass through it.

   The passageway was so tight we could barely get through.

   They flew in a tight formation.

   • 2020 September 5, David Hytner, “Raheem Sterling keeps his cool to see off Iceland amid blaze of late drama”, in The Guardian‎:

     England squeezed high and dominated the ball, penning Iceland back but the hosts kept the lines tight and it became clear that England would have to work for their openings.

   1. Fitting close, or too close, to the body.

      tight clothing;  a tight coat;  My socks are too tight.

   2. Of a turn, sharp, so that the timeframe for making it is narrow and following it is difficult.

      The mountain pass was made dangerous by its many tight corners.

   3. Lacking holes; difficult to penetrate; waterproof.
      • 1965, MotorBoating, page 145:

        He reported the hull was tight and secure and did not leak a drop.

      • 2014 November 27, Ian Black, “Courts kept busy as Jordan works to crush support for Isis”, in The Guardian:

        Security is tight inside and outside the building, guarded by a bewildering collection of soldiers, policemen and gendarmes. Relatives watch as prisoners in handcuffs and leg irons shuffle past.

   4. Close, very similar in a value such as score or time.
      • 1984, Harness Horse:

        Frank ended up fourth in a tight finish, only three-quarter of a length from first money.

      • 2012 September 30, John Torres, Carmelo Anthony, Mitchell Lane Publishers, Inc., →ISBN, page 14:

        Syracuse had built another good first half lead of 11 points. In the second half, however, Kansas came back and the score was tight through the rest of the game. In the final seconds, Syracuse led 81-78.

      • 2022, Lew Freedman, Caught by Don Hutson!, page 78:

        […] was a tight game and particularly low-scoring in the first half.

      • 2023 June 1, Pat Nevin, Football And How To Survive It, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

        We lost 1-0 the next day and, although it wasn't a bad performance, I couldn't help thinking that those one, two or even three drinks for some of the lads might have made all the difference to the tight scoreline.

3. Well-rehearsed and accurate in execution.

   Their marching band is extremely tight.

   1. (sports) Not conceding many goals.
      • 2014 October 18, Paul Doyle, “Southampton hammer eight past hapless Sunderland in barmy encounter”, in The Guardian:

        The odd thing was that Sunderland made the better start and showed early signs that they might pose serious problems to the Premier League’s tightest defence.

4. (slang) Intoxicated; drunk.

   We went drinking and got tight.

   • c. 1930, Dominic Behan, “Come Out Ye Black and Tans”‎performed by The Wolfe Tones:

     And every single night when me da’ would come home tight he’d invite the neighbours out with this chorus.

   • 1940, Effie Butler, Misbehaving Husbands:

     I'm going to celebrate my divorce! And then I'm going to get tight.

   • 1955, J. D. Salinger, “Franny”, in Franny and Zooey, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, published 1991, →ISBN, page 5:

     Do you actually know I’ve only danced with you twice in eleven months? Not counting that time at the Vanguard when you were so tight.

   • 1975, Walter Becker, Donald Fagen, “Daddy Don't Live in That New York City No More”, performed by Steely Dan:

     No my daddy don't live in that New York City no more, no more / He can't get tight every night, pass out on the barroom floor

   • 1980 [1962], Ian Fleming, chapter 3, in The Spy Who Loved Me, →ISBN, page 38:

     And then he insisted on champagne for dinner and by the time we got to our little cinema we were both rather tight.

   • 2001, “Johnny Tarr”, in Tree, performed by Gaelic Storm:

     Johnny walked into the Castle Bar, looking to get tight

5. (slang) Extraordinarily great or special.

   That is one tight bicycle!

6. (slang, Northern England, chiefly Liverpool) Mean; unfair; unkind.
   • 1977, Willy Russell, Our Day Out, act 1, scene 1:

     Reilly: Ey, Miss, hang on, hang on... can we come with y', Miss? Can we?
     Digga: Go on, Miss, don't be tight, let's come.

   • 2001, Kevin Sampson, Outlaws, page 244:

     "Ah leave him, ay!" goes one of the girls. "Don't be tight." I turns to her. "Don't you think it's tight terrorising old ladies? Ay?"

   • 2011, Andrew Hicks, Thai Girl: A story of the one who said 'no', unnumbered page:

     "That's right ... so even when life's a grind, the Thais keep smiling. They think the farang are a miserable lot who have to get drunk to enjoy themselves."
     "Dutch, that's tight mate, I mean what's wrong with getting pissed. When you're not working, you gotta have a good time," said Darren.

   • 2020, “M to the B”‎performed by Millie B:

     Saying shit about people's mums, that's tight

7. (of time) Limited or restricted.

   We had a very tight schedule.

   • 2022 January 12, Paul Bigland, “Fab Four: the nation's finest stations: Eastbourne”, in RAIL, number 948, page 26:

     It is kept super-clean by helpful staff who still find the time to help customers with tight connections.

8. (obsolete) Not ragged; whole; neat; tidy.
   • 1685 November 5 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 26 October 1685]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC:

     clad very plain, but clean and tight

   • 1714, John Gay, The What D'ye Call It:

     I'll spin and card, and keep our children tight.

   • 1887, W. S. Gilbert, Ruddigore:

     Richard: But here she comes! [...] (Enter Rose — he is much struck by her.) By the Port Admiral, but she's a tight little craft!

   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IX, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

     “A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron; and she looked it, always trim and trig and smooth of surface like a converted yacht cleared for action. ¶ Near her wandered her husband […] from time to time squinting sideways, as usual, in the ever-renewed expectation that he might catch a glimpse of his stiff, retroussé moustache.

9. (obsolete) Handy; adroit; brisk.
   • 1846, George Little, The American Cruiser's Own Book, page 21:

     [S]ince we've sailed together, I've been conning over in my mind that the company of such miserable thieves and robbers was not to your liking, and would not suit such a tight lad with as good larning as yourself.

10. (poker) Of a player, who plays very few hands. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
11. (poker) Using a strategy which involves playing very few hands. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
12. (US, slang, motor racing) With understeer, primarily used to describe NASCAR stock cars.
13. (New York, slang) Angry or irritated.
    • 2016, Cardi B, Washpoppin:

      "I was trying to be like a lady, but y'all be getting me tight!"

14. (slang, vulgar) Of a person, having a tight vagina or anus.
    • 2008 July 2, Linda Mi-Suk Enos, The Korean Palace of Honolulu Revised (6x9), Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 222:

      She was much tighter than he thought she would be. It had been a while since she had anything but oral sex she had an adrenaline rush as she heart began to pound.

    • 2014 August 26, Agnieszka Roeske, Not the One for Her, Page Publishing Inc, →ISBN:

      She was very tight and wet at the same time. He never had sex with a maiden before.

    • 2021, Brandon Varnell, WIEDERGEBURT: Legend of the Reincarnated Warrior: Volume 8, Kitsune Incorporated, →ISBN:

      One thing I noticed was that she was much tighter than Kari. She was so tight, in fact, that entering her was initially painful.

同意語

• (firmly held together): close, serried (of ranks); see also Thesaurus:tight
• (pushed/pulled together): crowded, dense; see also Thesaurus:compact
• (under high tension): taut, tense, under tension; see also Thesaurus:taut
• (intimate, close, close-knit): close, close-knit, intimate, thick as thieves
• (miserly or frugal): niggardly, parsimonious; see also Thesaurus:stingy
• (narrow): narrow; see also Thesaurus:narrow
• (fitting close to the body): figure-hugging, snug, tight-fitting; see also Thesaurus:close-fitting
• (well-rehearsed and accurate): polished, precise; see also Thesaurus:meticulous
• (slang: intoxicated): blotto, plastered; see also Thesaurus:drunk
• (slang: extraordinarily great or special): ace, cool, fab, rad, slick; see also Thesaurus:excellent
• (slang: mean; unfair; unkind): see also Thesaurus:mean
• (not ragged): ruly, shipshape, trim; see also Thesaurus:orderly
• (handy; adroit; brisk): crafty, dexterous, skilful; see also Thesaurus:skilled

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “firmly held together”): baggy (of clothing or other material), loose, sagging, saggy, slack; see also Thesaurus:loose
• (antonym(s) of “pushed/pulled together”):
• (antonym(s) of “under high tension”): loose, relaxed, slack; see also Thesaurus:careless
• (antonym(s) of “miserly or frugal”): generous, prodigal, scattergood; see also Thesaurus:generous or Thesaurus:prodigal
• (antonym(s) of “narrow”): broad, capacious, open, roomy, spacious, wide; see also Thesaurus:wide
• (antonym(s) of “well-rehearsed and accurate”): slack, slapdash, sloppy
• (antonym(s) of “slang: intoxicated”): clearheaded, on the wagon; see also Thesaurus:sober
• (antonym(s) of “slang: extraordinarily great or special”): crap, naff, pathetic, rubbish; see also Thesaurus:bad
• (antonym(s) of “slang: mean; unfair; unkind”): nice, pleasant; see also Thesaurus:kindly
• (antonym(s) of “not ragged”): unruly, messy; see also Thesaurus:disorderly
• (antonym(s) of “handy; adroit; brisk”): bungling, maladroit, unskilful; see also Thesaurus:unskilled

派生語

副詞

tight (comparative tighter, superlative tightest)

1. Firmly, so as not to come loose easily.

   Hold on tight to the rope.

   • 1934, Agatha Christie, chapter 4, in Murder on the Orient Express, London: HarperCollins, published 2017, page 100:

     'I had my eyes tight shut.'

2. Soundly.

   Good night, sleep tight.

同意語

• (firmly): fast, firmly, securely, tightly
• (soundly): soundly, well

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “firmly”): loosely
• (antonym(s) of “soundly”): badly, fitfully

派生語

語源 2

From 中期英語 tighten, thyhten (“to make tight”); see tighten.

動詞

tight (third-person singular simple present tights, present participle tighting, simple past and past participle tighted)

1. (obsolete) To make tight; tighten.
2. (obsolete, of a vessel) To make water-tight.