TUNEとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• chune (eye-dialect), toon (eye-dialect)

語源

From 中期英語 tune, an unexplained variant of tone, from Old French ton, from Latin tonus, from Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos, “a tone”). Doublet of tone, ton, and tonus.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation)
  • (non-yod-coalescence) IPA: /tjuːn/
  • (yod-coalescence) IPA: /tʃuːn/
• (General American)
  • (yod-dropping) IPA: /tuːn/
• (Wales, Canada) IPA: /tɪu̯n/
• 韻: -uːn
• 異形同音異義語: chewn (yod-coalescence), toon (yod-dropping)
• ハイフネーション: tune

名詞

tune (countable and uncountable, plural tunes)

1. A melody.

   Eric played a catchy tune on his acoustic guitar and Alyssa played the drums.

2. A song, or short musical composition.
3. (informal) The act of tuning or maintenance.

   Your engine needs a good tune.

4. The state or condition of being correctly tuned.

   Your engine is now in tune.

   This piano is not in tune.

5. (obsolete) Temper; frame of mind.
6. (obsolete) A sound; a note; a tone.
   • c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 12, column 2:

     Pray you now, if it may the ſtand with the tune of your voices, that I may bee Conſull, I haue heere the Cuſtomarie Gowne.

7. (obsolete) Order; harmony; concord.
   • 1693, [John Locke], “§72”, in Some Thoughts Concerning Education, London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], →OCLC, page 76:

     A child will learn three times as much when he is in tune, as when he […] is dragged unwillingly to [his task].

派生語

関連する語

• tone

派生した語

• → Irish: tiúin, tuin
• → Welsh: tiwn

間投詞

tune

1. (UK, slang) Used to show appreciation or approval of a song.

   You heard the new Rizzle Kicks song? — Tune!

動詞

tune (third-person singular simple present tunes, present participle tuning, simple past and past participle tuned)

1. To adjust (a musical instrument) so that it produces the correct pitches.

   to tune a piano or a violin

   • 1568, William Cornishe [i.e., William Cornysh], “In the Fleete Made by Me William Cornishe otherwise Called Nyshwhete Chapelman with the Most Famose and Noble Kyng Henry the VII. His Reygne the XIX. Yere the Moneth of July. A Treatise betwene Trouth, and Information.”, in John Skelton, edited by J[ohn] S[tow], Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate, London: […] Thomas Marshe, →OCLC; republished as Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate to King Henry the VIIIth, London: […] C. Davis […], 1736, →OCLC, page 290:

     The Harpe. […] A harper with his wreſt maye tune the harpe wrong / Mys tunying of an Inſtrument ſhal hurt a true ſonge

   • 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act II, page 21:

     She bids me hope; oh Heav'ns; ſhe pities me! / And pity ſtill foreruns approching love; / As Lightning does the Thunder! Tune your Harps / Ye Angels to that ſound; and thou, my Heart, / Make room to entertain thy flowing Joy.

   • 1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Tenth Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC, page 199, lines 190–191:

     Fortune foretun'd the Dying Notes of Rome: / Till I, thy Conſul ſole, conſol'd thy Doom.

2. To adjust or modify (especially a mechanical or electrical device) so that it functions optimally.

   Coordinate term: dial in

   Tuning the engine gave me an extra twenty horsepower.

   Tune your mind, and anything becomes possible.

3. To adjust the frequency of a transmitter or receiver, such as on a radio or TV transmitter or receiver, so as to send or receive an electromagnetic signal through a desired frequency band or channel.

   Synonym: tune in

   Tune to Channel 6 for all your favourite daytime shows.

4. Of faculties, senses, etc.: to adapt to or direct towards a particular target.

   My ears were tuned to the sounds of the forest.

5. To make more precise, intense, or effective; to put into a proper state or disposition.
   • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 246, column 2:

     [H]ee hath incurred the euerlaſting diſpleaſure of the King, who had euen tun'd his bounty to ſing happineſſe to him.

   1. (fandom slang) To produce a particular quality of voice by adjusting singing voice synthesis software.
      • 2017 August 10, Keisuke Yamada, Supercell's Supercell featuring Hatsune Miku, Bloomsbury Publishing USA, →ISBN:

        […] Those who are highly skilled in manipulating the Vocaloid technology—e.g., tuning Miku's singing voices—arrange existing […]

      • 2018 December 6, Nina Sun Eidsheim, The Race of Sound: Listening, Timbre, and Vocality in African American Music, Duke University Press, →ISBN:

        LOLA's voice is used simply to render basic notes and words with no pitch or expression tuning applied.

      • 2020, Janice L. Waldron, Stephanie Horsley, Kari K. Veblen, The Oxford Handbook of Social Media and Music Learning, Oxford University Press, USA, →ISBN, page 522:

        This compiling of a track holds many parallels with “tuning” a Miku track, […]

6. To adjust the frequency of a transmitter or receiver, such as on a radio or TV transmitter or receiver, so as to send or receive an electromagnetic signal through a desired frequency band or channel.
7. To attune; to adapt in style of music; to make harmonious.
   • c. 1630, John Milton, “The Passion”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], published 1646, →OCLC, stanza II, page 17:

     For now to ſorrow must I tune my ſong, / And ſet my Harpe to notes of ſaddeſt wo, […]

8. (transitive) To give a certain tone or character to.
9. (transitive) To set (lyrics) to music.
   • 1977 April 9, Charley Shively, “Ginsberg Triumphant”, in Gay Community News, page 12:

     Ginsberg sang some poems from William Blake which he had "tuned".

10. (obsolete) To sing with melody or harmony.
    • c. 1595–1596 (date written), W. Shakespere [i.e., William Shakespeare], A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto), London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby, published 1598, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

      To ſee great Hercules whipping a Gigge, / And profound Sallomon to tune a Iigge.

    • 1667, John Milton, “Book V”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 195-196:

      Fountains and yee, that warble, as ye flow, / Melodious murmurs, warbling tune his praiſe.

11. (transitive, South Africa, slang) To be impudent towards; to cheek.

    Are you tuning me?

派生語

関連する語

• attune

参照

Further reading

• “tune”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “tune”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Nute, neut, neut.

名詞

tūne

1. dative singular of tūn