wontとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /wəʊnt/, /wɒnt/
• (General American) enPR: wŏnt, wônt, wōnt, wŭnt, IPA^(key): /wɑnt/, /wɔnt/, /woʊnt/, /wʌnt/
• (廃れた用法) IPA^(key): /wʊnt/^[1]
• 韻: -əʊnt, -ɒnt, -ɔːnt, -ʌnt
• 異形同音異義語: want (one pronunciation), won't (one pronunciation)

語源 1

Origin uncertain; apparently a conflation of wone (“custom, habit, practice”) and wont (participle adjective, below). Compare German Low German Gewohnte (“custom, habit”) and Dutch gewoonte. Likely related to wone, wonder, wean, and win, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to wish for, strive for, pursue; to succeed, win”); more there.

(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

名詞

wont (usually uncountable, 複数形 wonts)

1. (archaic) One's habitual way of doing things; custom, habit, practice.

   He awoke at the crack of dawn, as was his wont.

   • 1644, John Milton, Of Education, To Master Samuel Hartlib‎^[2], [London: Printed for Thomas Underhill and/or Thomas Johnson], →OCLC; republished in The Works of John Milton, Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous. Now More Correctly Printed from the Originals, than in any Former Edition, and Many Passages Restored, which have been hitherto Omitted. To which is Prefixed, an Account of His Life and Writings [by Thomas Birch]. In Two Volumes, volume I, London: Printed for A[ndrew] Millar, in the Strand, 1753, →OCLC, page 147:

     [T]hey [Spartan youth] are by a ſudden alarum or watch-word, to be called out to their military motions, under ſky or covert, according to the ſeaſon, as was the Roman wont; […]

   • 1885, Richard F. Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night, Night 563:

     […] when Sindbad the Seaman had related the history of what befel him in his sixth voyage, and all the company had dispersed, Sindbad the Landsman went home and slept as of wont.

   • 1915, The Practical Dental Journal, volume 15, San Antonio, Tx.: Ferguson Dental Supply Co., →OCLC, page 100:

     Such conditions, having been the common practice for years, and, existing in a less degree in some localities to the present time, afford a tangible reason for a form of correlation that is more universal than it is the wont of the profession to admit; namely, that with the laity, dentistry and "the pulling of teeth," and the dentist and "the tooth puller," are very closely related subjects […]

   • 1920, James Brown Scott, “The Federal Convention: An International Conference”, in The United States of America: A Study in International Organization (Publications of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Division of International Law), New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →OCLC, page 149:

     As was also the wont of international conferences, a delegate from Pennsylvania, in this instance James Wilson, proposed the appointment of a secretary and nominated William Temple Franklin, whose selection would have been agreeable to the authorities of Pennsylvania, inasmuch as he was the grandson of its venerable chief executive.

   • 2001, Orhan Pamuk; Erdağ M. Göknar, transl., “I am Called Black”, in My Name Is Red, London: Faber and Faber, →ISBN; paperback edition, London: Faber and Faber, 2002, →ISBN, page 62:

     With a simple-minded desire, and to rid my mind of this irrepressible urge, I retired to a corner of the room, as was my wont, but after a while I realized I couldn't jack off—proof well enough that I'd fallen in love again after twelve years!

同意語

• wone

参考

• meo more

語源 2

From Middle English wont, iwoned, from 古期英語 ġewunod, past participle of ġewunian.

形容詞

wont (not comparable)

1. Accustomed or used (to または with a thing), accustomed or apt (to do something).

   He is wont to complain loudly about his job.

   • 1556, Anthoni de Adamo [Agostino Mainardi], “The Examinacion of the Kyrie Eleeson and of the Gloria in Excelsis Deo, and how that Many Praiers after the Gloria in Excelsis, be Wicked, and that the Epistle and Gospell, and Generally the Whole Worde of God in the Masse, are Vnworthely and Euell Fauoredly Handled”, in An Anatomi, that is to Say a Parting in Peeces of the Mass. Which Discouereth the Horrible Errors, and the Infinit Abuses Vnknowen to the People, aswel of the Mass as of the Mass Book, very Profitable, yea Most Necessary for al Christian People. With a Sermon of the Sacrament of Thankesgyuyng in the End, whiche Declareth whether Christ be Bodyly in the Sacrament or Not, [Strasbourg: Printed by the heirs of W. Köpfel], →OCLC, page 19:

     This is the ſuteltie of Satan, who vnder the shew of godly matters, deceaueth the vnaduyſed, as we are wont to ſay, that in the honye lyeth hidden the poiſon.

   • c. 1580, Edmund Spenser, “The Teares of the Mvses[: Thalia]”, in Complaints: Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. VVhereof the Next Page Maketh Mention, London: Imprinted for VVilliam Ponsonbie, dwelling in Paules Churchyard at the signe of the Bishops head, published 1591, →OCLC; republished in “The Teares of the Mvses[: Thalia]”, in The Faerie Qveen: The Shepheards Calendar: Together with the Other Works of England's Arch-Pöet, Edm. Spenser: Collected into One Volume, and Carefully Corrected, London: Printed by H[umphrey] L[ownes] for Mathew Lownes, 1617, →OCLC:

     What be the ſweet delights of learning a treaſure, / That wont with Comick ſock to beautify / The painted Theaters, and fill with pleaſure / The liſtners eyes, and eares with melodie; […]

   • c. 1591, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: With the Landing of Earle Richmond, and the Battell at Bosworth Field”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, Act V, scene iii, page 201:

     […] I haue not that Alacrity of Spirit, / Nor cheere of Minde that I was wont to haue.

   • 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “The Abbot’s Ways”, in Past and Present, book II (The Ancient Monk), London: Chapman & Hall, →OCLC, page 83:

     He could read English Manuscripts very elegantly, elegantissime: he was wont to preach to the people in the English tongue, though according to the dialect of Norfolk, where he had been brought up; […]

   • 2017 June 26, Alexis Petridis, “Glastonbury 2017 verdict: Radiohead, Foo Fighters, Lorde, Stormzy and more”, in the Guardian‎^[3]:

     But while Katy Perry similarly threw herself into the spirit of the event – crowdsurfing, dancing with a security guard, charming the audience – her peculiar combination of newfound political conscience and longstanding predisposition to DayGlo cartoonishness was simultaneously intriguing and baffling, as a woman delivering between-song speeches about the necessity of taking back power surrounded by dancers dressed as flowers and giant pom-poms covered in fluorescent fur was perhaps wont to be.

派生語

• unwont
• use and wont
• wontly

参考

• prone to
• used to

語源 3

From Middle English wonten (“to accustom”), from wont (adjective). See above.

動詞

wont (三人称単数 現在形 wonts, 現在分詞 wonting, 過去形および過去分詞形 wonted)

1. (transitive, archaic) To make (someone) used to; to accustom.
   • 1830, [Joseph Plumb Martin], “Campaign of 1780”, in A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier; Interspersed with Anecdotes of Incidents that Occurred within His Own Observation, Hallowell, Me.: Printed by Glazier, Masters & Co. No. 1, Kennebec-Row, →OCLC, page 141:

     I have heard it remarked by the old farmers, that when beasts are first transferred from one place to another, that if they keep them without food for two or three days, it will go far towards wonting them to their new situation.

2. (intransitive, archaic) To be accustomed (to something), to be in the habit (of doing something).
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. Disposed into Twelue Books, Fashioning XII. Morall Vertues, London: Printed [by John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, →OCLC, book III, canto II, stanza II, page 411:

     But by record of antique times I finde / That wemen wont in warres to beare most ſway, / And to all great exploites them ſelues inclind: […]

   • 1751, [Thomas Gray], An Elegy Wrote in a Country Church-yard, London: Printed for R[obert] Dodsley in Pall-Mall; and sold by M[ary] Cooper in Pater-noster-Row, →OCLC; republished as “An Elegy Written in a Country Church Yard”, in A Collection of Poems in Six Volumes. By Several Hands, volume IV, 2nd edition, London: Printed by J. Hughs, for R[obert] and J[ames] Dodsley, at Tully's-Head in Pall-Mall, 1758, →OCLC, page 5:

     On ſome fond breaſt the parting ſoul relies, / Some pious drops the cloſing eye requires; / Ev'n from the tomb the voice of Nature cries, / Ev'n in our Aſhes live their wonted Fires.

参照

アナグラム

• Town, nowt, town

語源

From earlier wonnot, from Middle English wynnot, wilnot, wolnot, wilnat, a contraction of Middle English will not, wil not, wyll not, will noght, wil noht, willi noȝt, wyl nat, wol not, woll not, wole not, wolle not, wol nat, woll nat, etc., equivalent to a will +‎ not and/or woll +‎ not.^[1] For the pronunciation with /oʊ/, /əʊ/, see poultry.

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /wəʊnt/
• (General American) enPR: wōnt, IPA^(key): /woʊnt/, [wõt(ˀ)], [wõʔ]
• Homophone: wont (one pronunciation)
• 韻: -əʊnt

動詞

won't

1. will not (negative auxiliary^[2]); used to indicate a future non-occurring action.

   Sam won't be doing any work this afternoon.

同意語

• (will not): (archaic) willn't, wolln't, wo'n't, wonnot

参考

• Appendix:English modal verbs
• Appendix:English tag questions

参照

アナグラム

• Town, nowt, town