「"ざいせい"」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(271ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

ポリアリーレンエーテル系ポリマーまたはポリアリーレンスルフィド系ポリマーを重合する方法において、毒性や危険性の高い共沸溶媒を使用せずに高分子量のポリマーが得られるだけでなく、溜去される有機極性溶媒の量を低減し反応制御や経済性を改善することができ、さらにイオン性基を有して結合水を有するようなモノマーを用いる場合でも経済的かつ簡便に高分量のポリマーが得られる方法の提供。例文帳に追加

To provide a method for polymerizing polyarylene ether-based polymer or polyarylene sulfide-based polymer, wherein a high molecular weight polymer is obtained without using a highly toxic and dangerous azeotropic solvent, the distilled and removed amount of organic polar solvents can be decreased to improve reaction control and economy, and, even when using a monomer having an ionic group and bound water, a high molecular weight polymer can be economically and simply obtained. - 特許庁

ＬＡＮや通信等のシールドケーブルやシールドコネクタに適用出来、伝送の高速化と広帯域並びに対間のクロストーク、特性インピーダンス、反射減衰量等の厳しい電気的特性に適合するばかりでなく、外部からのノイズと不要ノイズによる放射の低減化がはかれ、経済性、操作性、生産性及び実用性に優れた高速・広帯域対型メタリックシールドケ−ブル及びシールドコネクタを提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a high speed broadband corresponding type metallic shield cable and a shield connector applicable to a LAN or a shield cable or a shield connector for communication or the like, suiting transmission speed enhancement, broadband, and strict electrical characteristics such as crosstalk between a pair, characteristic impedance and return loss, reducing radiation due to noise from the outside and unnecessary noise, with superior economy, operability, productivity and practicability. - 特許庁

ポリプロピレン又はエチレン−プロピレン共重合体又はエチレン−プロピレン−ブテン共重合体に対し、０．５〜１５．０％（重量）の無水マレイン酸及び０．１〜７．５％（重量）のスチレン系モノマーが、無水マレイン酸重量のスチレン系モノマー重量に対する比が２以上５以下となるようグラフト重合された、ポリオレフィン基材に対して優れた付着性を有し、耐溶剤性、耐油性、耐候性に優れ、タックがなく、凝集力にも優れた新規な非塩素系変性ポリオレフィン組成物。例文帳に追加

This composition is prepared by the graft copolymerization of, based on the polymer component, 0.5-15.0 wt.% maleic anhydride and 0.1-7.5 wt.% styrene monomer, in a wt. ratio of maleic anhydride to the styrene monomer of 2 or higher but 5 or lower, onto a polymer component comprising polypropylene, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, or an ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymer. - 特許庁

少なくとも接着剤成分と、ゲル化剤と、溶剤とを含有する固形接着剤組成物２０であって、該組成物中に、常温で固体であり、かつ溶剤に対する溶解度が２０％以下となるパラフィンワックス、オレフィンワックスなどのワックス類から選ばれる少なくとも１種及び／又は少なくとも大気中及び／又は接着剤組成物中の水分を取り込んで蒸発抑制膜を形成する物質とを含有することを特徴とするキャップオフ性能に優れた固形接着剤組成物。例文帳に追加

The solid adhesive composition 20 at least containing an adhesive component, a gelling agent and a solvent and having excellent cap-off performance further contains one or more substances selected from waxes such as paraffin wax and olefin wax exhibiting solid state at normal temperature and having a solubility of ≤20% in the solvent and/or a substance absorbing water from the adhesive composition and/or air to form an evaporation suppressing film. - 特許庁

トナー像を低温で画像支持体に熱定着しても、カラー写真ではカラー写真画像に適した高光沢度のトナー画像を得ることができ、文字画像では文字画像に適した低光沢度のトナー画像を得ることができる、というようにプリントする原稿に合わせてトナー画像の光沢度をコントロールすることができる静電荷像現像用現像剤、該静電荷像現像用現像剤を用いる画像形成方法の提供。例文帳に追加

To provide an electrostatic charge image developer with which the glossiness of toner images can be controlled in compliance with manuscripts to be printed, like, for example, the toner image of the high glossiness suitable for a color photograph image can be obtained in a color photograph, and a toner image of low glossiness suitable for a character image can be obtained in a character image, and an image forming method using the electrostatic charge image developer. - 特許庁

APEC エコノミーの増加する貿易及び運輸及び取引費用の低減からの実質的経済利益を支え，並びにサプライチェーンの効率性及び安定性を高め，より良いビジネス環境を生み出す目的をもって，我々は，産業界及び関連利害関係者とともに，すべてのモードにわたって，運輸及びサプライチェーン・ルートの多様化の可能性を分析する。サプライチェーン・ルートのための最適の仕組みを構築することは，地域経済統合を強化し，地域におけるより高い経済成長率を支える主要な要因になりえる。例文帳に追加

With the aim of supporting the growing trade of APEC economies and the substantial economic benefits from lowering transportation and trade transaction costs, as well as enhancing supply chain efficiency and security, and creating better business environment, we will together with industry and relevant stakeholders analyze possibilities for diversification of transportation and supply chain routes across all modes. - 経済産業省

このように、域内障壁の撤廃によって成長産業への参入が可能となることが域内途上国のキャッチアップへの道を開く一方で、この過程で同時並行的に生じる直接投資は、人的資本の蓄積、金融市場の整備、競争政策の整備等一定の条件を満たした場合には、資本蓄積や効率性の向上、イノベーションの促進を通じて投資受入国の経済成長を刺激することとなる。例文帳に追加

In this way, abolition of intra-regional barriers makes entry into growth industries possible, opening up a way for developing countries within the region to catch-up to the developed countries while the direct investment which is generated in parallel by this process stimulates economic growth in the country receiving the investment through capital accumulation, improvement of efficiency, and promotion of innovation, if certain conditions such as the accumulation of human capital, development of financial markets, and development of competition policies are satisfied. - 経済産業省

例えばASEAN内においても、①一定の産業基盤が既に整備されており新たな経済モデルの模索が課題であるシンガポール・マレーシア・タイ、②投資環境整備による産業集積の確立が課題であるインドネシア・フィリピン・ベトナム、③基本的なインフラ整備と経済成長戦略の確立が課題であるカンボジア・ラオス・ミャンマー、というように発展段階に応じて３つのグループに分けることができる。例文帳に追加

For example the countries in ASEAN can be divided into three groups according to their stage of development: (1)Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand, who have already developed an industrial base to some extent and are now faced with the challenge of searching for a new economic model, (2) Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam, for whom the challenge is to establish industrial clusters through the development of an investment environment, and (3) Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar, for whom the challenges are development of basic infrastructure and establishment of an economic growth strategy. - 経済産業省

一方、我が国ではエネルギー安全保障をエネルギー安定供給・環境対応・経済性の３点からとらえ、それらを確保すべく施策を講じているが、エネルギー安全保障は一国による対応では十分ではなく、エネルギー生産国や他の消費国と連携して、需給の変動（短期・中長期双方）に柔軟に対応し、安定供給、環境との調和を実現しつつ、持続的に発展可能な「国際エネルギーシステム」の実現を図らなければならない。例文帳に追加

On the other hand, although Japan understands energy security as consisting of three aspects: a stable energy supply, environmental measures, and the economy, and is formulating policies to guarantee these, measures by one country alone are not sufficient to achieve energy security. Japan must form partnerships with energy-producing countries and other energy-consuming countries to flexibly respond to supply and demand fluctuations (short, medium and long-term) and realize "international energy systems" that can be sustainably developed, while at the same time realizing stable supply and harmony with the environment. - 経済産業省

過去、日本の家計貯蓄率が1960年代平均15％、1970年代平均20％と高水準であった要因としては、①高度経済成長に伴う可処分所得の伸び、②家計資産が終戦後低水準となったため貯蓄に励んだこと、③ボーナス制度の存在、④人口構成が若かったこと、⑤公的年金水準が低いため自助的に老後のための貯蓄を行ったこと、⑥消費者金融制度の未発達、⑦マル優制度等税制面での優遇措置、⑧政府、日銀の貯蓄推進運動、⑨国民性等が挙げられる。例文帳に追加

In the past, factors behind Japan’s high household savings rate (an average of 15 percent in the 1960s, 20 percent in the 1970s) included: (1) more disposable income as a result of high economic growth; (2) the motivation to save prompted by the low postwar level of household assets; (3) the bonus system; (4) the high percentage of young people in population composition; (5) people saving for their old age due to low public pensions; (6) undeveloped consumer credit systems; (7) tax breaks such as the preferred savings system; (8) government and Bank of Japan encouragement of saving; and (9) the nature of the Japanese people. - 経済産業省

当時、旧西ドイツ経済は２度の石油ショック後の経済停滞、失業率上昇、経常収支の悪化等の諸問題を抱えており（前掲第４―１―６図、第４―１―11図）、西ドイツ経済に何らかの「構造転換」が起こっているのではないか、さらには経済成長の停滞の問題は「構造転換」への対応が不十分であるために生じているのではないか、といった議論がなされていた（これらは広く「構造問題」と呼ばれている）7。例文帳に追加

The former West German economy of the time was suffering from an economic recession due to rising unemployment and a deteriorating current account balance in the wake of the two oil shocks (Figs 4.1.6, 4.1.11),spurring discussion over whether the West German economy was actually undergoing some kind of structural transformation, and whether the slump in economic growth was the result of an inadequate response to structural transformation (widely known as the “structural issue”)7. - 経済産業省

国内の高コスト体質やマルク高を嫌って、大企業の一部が生産拠点を国外に移転させてしまったこと、ドイツ統一以降、旧中東欧諸国への直接投資が急増するとともに、これらの国からの製品輸入が増大していること（第４―１―13図、第４―１―14図）、旧東ドイツ地域への公的資金の投入が連邦政府の財政を圧迫していること等の事情から、ドイツが海外資本を引きつける対象として、あるいは生産立地としての魅力に欠けているのではないかとの危機感が、政府、経済界を中心に高まったのである。例文帳に追加

Government and business in particular became concerned that Germany lacked the attractiveness to draw foreign capital and as an industrial location for reasons including high domestic costs and the strong German mark;the offshore transfer of the production bases of some large companies; soaring direct investment in the Central and East European nations following German unification, and the accompanying growth in imports from these countries (Figs 4.1.13, 4.1.14); and the emptying of federal government coffers as public funds were poured into the former East Germany. - 経済産業省

1999年に経済技術省が発表した資料では、イノベーションを経済成長と雇用拡大の原動力と位置づけるとともに、科学技術政策の６つの柱として、①イノベーションに適した環境整備、②革新的な中小企業の育成、③商業関係の技術サービスに係るインフラの維持、④情報通信技術の普及、⑤未来志向の研究分野（エネルギー、航空機）への支援、⑥国際研究交流の促進を挙げている。例文帳に追加

Materials released by the Ministry of Economy and Industry in 1999 highlight innovation as the locomotive force behind　economic growth and expanded employment and position the following six items as the main planks of science and technology policy: (1) development of an environment geared to innovation; (2) fostering of innovative small and medium-sized businesses;(3) maintaining infrastructure for commerce-related technology services; (4) dissemination of information communications technology; (5) assistance for future-oriented research areas (energy, aviation);and (6) promotion of international research exchange. - 経済産業省

ユーロ参加における経済収れん基準は、物価の他に、①為替レート安定基準としてERM内他通貨に対する変動幅を遵守していること、②長期国債の利回りが、最も低い３カ国の平均値を２％以上上回らないこと、③財政赤字の対GDP比が持続的に低下傾向であり、目標値（３％）に近い水準にあること、債務残高が対GDP比60％に近づいていること、が求められる。例文帳に追加

The economic convergence criteria imposed on Eurozone members include, other than price stability, (1) currency fluctuations must be within a certain margin against other currencies of the ERM as an exchange rate stability criterion; (2) long-term interest rate must not exceed the average of the three lowest rates among member countries by more than 2%; and (3) the ratio of the annual government deficit to GDP must be on a downward trend at a level close to the reference value of 3% and the ratio of gross government debt to GDP must be approaching 60%. - 経済産業省

近年の中国を始めとするアジア各国・地域の急速な発展や、我が国国内の財政制約等の環境変化にかんがみれば、我が国の強みをいかして、相手国のニーズの変化や特性、課題に応じて、ハード・インフラの整備とともに、制度・ビジネス慣行構築支援等ソフト・インフラの整備等について包括的な協力を進めていくことが、我が国とアジア地域との間で互恵的（WIN-WIN）関係を築くことにつながる。例文帳に追加

Considering the rapid development of China and other Asian countries and regions, as well as systematic changes including financial restrictions in Japan, we should advance comprehensive cooperation according to the characteristics, issues and changing needs of partner countries, in terms of both hardware infrastructures and software infrastructures (e.g. establishment of systems and business practices). Such cooperation utilizing Japanese strength leads to the win-win relationship between Japan and Asian countries. - 経済産業省

〔5〕木材産業の健全な発展を図るため、品質・性能の明確な木材製品を低コストで安定的に供給する流通・加工施設の拠点的設備や乾燥材供給体制の整備、リースによる機械整備の導入等を促進するとともに、地域材を大規模需要者等へ安定的に供給する戦略的木材流通・加工体制（継続）や新たな総合利用システム（新規）のモデル的構築を図る。（強い林業・木材産業づくり交付金6,433百万円の内数、予算額165百万円）例文帳に追加

5) In order to promote the healthy development of the forestry industry, the establishment of distribution and processing hubs to provide low-cost, stable supplies of wood products of clear quality and performance and the development of systems for supplying drying materials and the introduction of leased machinery and equipment will be promoted. The development of a model strategic distribution and processing system to provide stable supplies of local materials to heavy users (continuation) and establishment of a new model system for comprehensive utilization of lumber (new) will also be pursued. (included in \\6,433 million subsidy for development of strong forestry and lumber industries, \\165 million budget - 経済産業省

このように、欧米の金融政策の行方や欧州財政問題、中国の更なる金融引締め姿勢など、世界経済の不透明さが存在するにもかかわらず、市場では、中東・北アフリカ情勢の緊迫化による原油の供給逼迫懸念の継続、金融システムの回復や新興国の経済活動の活発化、先進国の信用回復等を背景に、世界的な景気拡大見通しが維持され、原油相場の上昇が続いた。例文帳に追加

Despite the existence of an unpredictable world economy due to uncertain prospects of monetary policies by the United States and Europe, debt problems in Europe, China's stance of further monetary tightening, maintenance of worldwide economic expansion in markets backed by continued concern about tight supply of crude oil caused by strained situation in Middle East and North Africa, recovery of the monetary systems, active economic activities in the emerging economies and confidence in the advanced economies of recovery, and the continued rise of crude oil prices. - 経済産業省

さらに、米国は、2006年2月に、二酸化炭素を排出しない原子力発電の利用拡大と、先進的で核不拡散低抗性のある核燃料サイクル技術や、高速炉を開発するとともに、世界市場への核燃料供給を行うための信頼性、経済性に優れた国際枠組みを確立するといった、国際原子力エネルギー・パートナーシップ（Global Nuclear Energy Partnership、GNEP）構想を発表し、我が国を始め21か国がこれに参加するなど、原子力発電の普及に向けた取組も進めている。例文帳に追加

Further, the U.S. is also promoting initiatives to support the expansion of nuclear power generation, including the launch of the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) plan in February 2006, in which 21 countries including Japan participated. The plan calls for (1) an increased use of nuclear power generation that does not emit CO2, (2) the development of cutting-edge nuclear-fuel-cycle technology and fast reactors with higher nuclear proliferation resistance, and (3) the establishment of a highly reliable and economically efficient international framework for supplying nuclear fuels in the global market. - 経済産業省

地域の独自性を活かした地域経済の再生が重視される背景には、①経済のグローバル化によって流動的となっている経済環境の下でも、持続的な発展を遂げ得る強靱な経済構造を形成する必要がある、②「三位一体の改革」に伴い、「地方にできることは地方に」という原則に従い、地域経済政策の立案を各地域自身において主体的に取り組む必要がある、ことが挙げられる。例文帳に追加

Revitalization of regional economies utilizing their unique characteristics is regarded as critical for the following reasons: (i) a resilient economic structure needs to be developed that can achieve sustainable development even in an economic environment made increasingly fluid by economic globalization; and (ii) regions need to engage proactively in the formulation of regional economic policies in line with the reform of local tax system, it is called “the Reform of the Three Major Policies,” which leaves regions to do what they can do. - 経済産業省

以上述べたように、経済成長と雇用創出を確実に結び付け、企業のIT投資や組織改革と組み合わせた人的資本の向上を行い、公共政策における人的資本投資に対する評価を意義あるものとし、地域の個性に応じた人材育成を的確に行う上でも、我が国におけるスキルスタンダードの整備は重要な政策課題であり、前述した「職業能力評価基準」の策定もこのような観点から行われている。例文帳に追加

As described above, the development of skill standards has become a key policy issue in Japan in terms of steadily linking economic growth to employment creation, improving human capital in combination with corporate IT investment and organizational reform, ensuring meaningful evaluations of human capital investment in public policy, and pursuing targeted human resources strategies that meet region-specific needs. In fact, the above mentioned “evaluation standards for vocational capabilities” have been developed in this context. - 経済産業省

米国の経常収支不均衡の拡大は、米国経済が世界経済をけん引してきた１つの結果であることは疑いがないものの、その持続性に関しては、政府部門においては、足許の財政収支の赤字幅拡大に加えて、1980年代と比較すると今後の高齢化の進展により相当の負担が予想されること、家計部門においても債務残高の増加、貯蓄率の低下が進んだ結果、政府部門と家計部門の資金不足を海外マネーがファイナンスする形になっていること、等の点も考慮に入れる必要がある。例文帳に追加

There is no doubt that expansion of the US current account imbalance is one result of the US economy leading the world economy to date. However, two points have to be taken into consideration in terms of its sustainability. Firstly, for the government sector, in addition to the current expansion of the fiscal deficit, the graying of society is expected to begin imposing a much heavier burden than in the 1980s. Secondly, in the household sector too, growing outstanding debts and falling savings rates have created a situation in which foreign money is financing capital shortfalls in both the government and household sectors. - 経済産業省

以上のように、米国の経常収支不均衡の拡大は、米国経済が世界経済をけん引してきた１つの結果であることは疑いないものの、その持続性に関しては、政府部門においては、足許の財政収支の赤字幅の拡大に加えて、1980年代と比較すると今後の高齢化の進展により相当の負担が予想されること、家計部門においても債務残高の増加、貯蓄率の低下が進んだ結果、政府部門と家計部門の資金不足を海外マネーがファイナンスする形になっていること、等の点も考慮に入れる必要がある。例文帳に追加

As explained earlier, there is no doubt that the expansion of the US current account imbalance is one result of the US economy leading the world economy to date. However, two points have to be taken into consideration in terms of its sustainability. Firstly, for the government sector, in addition to the current expansion of the fiscal deficit, the graying of society is expected to begin imposing a much heavier burden than in the 1980s. Secondly, in the household sector, too, growing outstanding debts and falling savings rates have created a situation in which foreign funds are financing capital shortfalls in both the government and household sectors. In order to achieve sustainable growth in the world economy, it is necessary for each country and region of the world to leave the current lopsided world economy behind and to build a resilient economic structure capable of matching intensified global competition to sharing the fruits of economic growth. - 経済産業省

また、本年３月に開催された全国人民代表大会の政府活動報告においても、温家宝総理は2004年の経済成長目標を７％前後とし、経済と社会がバランスのとれた持続可能な成長を目指し、「固定資産投資の規模を適度に抑制し、一部の産業や地域で見られる盲目的な投資・低水準の重複建設に歯止めをかけることが2004年のマクロ調節の重要課題」と指摘している。例文帳に追加

In the Government Work Report of the National People’s Congress (NPC) held in March 2004, Prime Minister Wen Jiabao set the 2004 goal for economic growth at around 7 percent, aiming at balanced sustainable economic and social growth, and cited the moderate curtailment of the scale of fixed asset investment and stoppage of blind investment and substandard redundant construction that is being observed in some industries and regions as important issues for macroeconomic adjustment in 2004. - 経済産業省

1980年代以降の中国経済は、年率9.5%の高成長を維持しており、特に、1990年代は公共投資、直接投資とともに輸出を牽引役として成長してきているが、今後とも安定した経済成長を持続させていくためには、本年３月の全国人民代表大会（全人代）における朱鎔基総理の「政府活動報告」でも指摘されているように、内需の拡大、特に民間消費を拡大させていくことが重要視されている。例文帳に追加

Since the 1980s, the Chinese economy has maintained high economic growth rates of 9.5 percent every year. In particular, growth was driven in the 1990s by exports together with public investment and direct investment. In order for such stable economic growth to continue, as was pointed out in the Government　Work Report by Premier Zhu Rongji at the National People’s Congress (NPC) in March 2003, China now places emphasis on increasing domestic demand and especially private sector consumption. - 経済産業省

近年の消費動向を見ると、1998年以降の公務員給与や低所得者向け生活保証金の引上げ、大型連休の導入等、消費を下支えするための政府の積極的な財政支出等の施策にもかかわらず、国有企業改革に伴う失業の増大、将来の社会保障制度改革から生じる負担増への懸念、人口の７割近くを占める農村の所得の伸び悩み等を背景に、総じて頭打ち傾向になっている（第1-2-14図）。例文帳に追加

Looking at consumption trends in recent years, the government has implemented proactive measures such as government spending in order to support consumption. These measures included raising salaries for public officials and life guarantee benefits for low wage earners after 1998 and introducing long vacations. Despite such measures, however, the overall level of consumption has leveled off against a background of increased unemployment resulting from reform of SOEs, concerns that financial burdens will be increased in the future due to social security system reform and little growth in incomes in rural　villages which account for nearly 70 percent of the population (Fig. 1.2.14). - 経済産業省

その背景としては、①欧米諸国が経済的関係の深い近隣諸国との間で貿易・投資の自由化・円滑化等による経済連携を図る動きを活発化させたこと（例：米国及びECがそれぞれNAFTA（1994 年発効） 及びEU（1993 年発足）への取組を加速させる等）、②NIEs やASEANがいち早く経済開放を推し進めることにより高成長を果たす中、チリ・メキシコ・ペルー等の新興国が貿易・投資の自由化や市場メカニズムの導入へと経済政策を転換させ、その中でEPA/FTAを活用する戦略を採ったこと、さらに、③我が国を含む東アジアがEPA/FTAに積極姿勢に転じたことなどが挙げられる。例文帳に追加

As background, the movement that 1. Western countries with strong existing economic ties were actively promoting economic cooperation, trade, investment liberalization and facilitation among neighboring countries (i.e.: U.S. and EC respectively NAFTA (entered into effect in 1994) and EU ((established 1993) and efforts to accelerate), 2. Meanwhile, NIEs and ASEAN pushed to achieve high growth through faster economic liberalization, and economic policy, and emerging economies such as Chile, Mexico, and Peru, will shift with the introduction of market mechanisms to trade and investment liberalization in which they took on strategy adopting EPA / FTA, 3. East Asia, including Japan, became positive towards EPA / FTA. - 経済産業省

安倍政権が発足して半年に満たないが、デフレマインドを一掃するための大胆な金融政策という第一の矢、そして湿った経済を発火させるための機動的な財政政策という第二の矢を放つと同時に、TPP への交渉参加、電力システム改革、待機児童解消策など、必要性は言われながらも棚上げとなっていた課題についても決断し、実行に着手するまでに至っている。例文帳に追加

In less than six months since its inauguration, the Abe administration has launched the first prong or “arrow” (of the administration’s three prongs of economic revival) of bold monetary policy aimed at dispelling the deflation mindset. It has also launched the second “arrow” of flexible fiscal policy aimed at igniting the dampened economy. Furthermore, the Abe administration has decided on, and set into action, processes which were deemed necessary but had been placed on the wayside, including participation in the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) negotiations, the Electricity System Reform, and elimination of childcare waiting lists.  - 経済産業省

４．これら各交渉分野での交渉成果が、途上国の経済成長の促進にとって極めて重要な意味を持つことを改めて強調したい。世界貿易の８割を占めるモノの貿易の拡大なくしては、一国の経済発展はなく、また、途上国経済においてすら過半を占めるサービス分野の健全な成長なくしても、一国経済の健全な発展はあり得ない。アンチダンピングの濫用もまた途上国の成長を阻害しうるもの。このような諸々の課題の克服することこそが、ＷＴＯラウンドの中心的な貢献であることを忘れてはならない。例文帳に追加

4. I would like to reemphasize that the results in individual negotiating areas are extremely important in order to promote growth of the developing countries. Without the expansion of trade in goods which covers more than 80% of world trade, there will be no economic growth. Without the healthy development in the service sector, which covers more than half of the employment in most, if not all, developing countries, there could be no healthy and balanced development. The abuse of anti-dumping measures could also obstruct growth of the developing countries. Efforts to overcome these issues are indeed the central contribution of the WTO Round to the world, and we must not forget that.  - 経済産業省

経済産業省「工業統計表（工業地区編）」により、工業地区を地域単位16として、その工業出荷額の伸び率（1995年から2000年）と出荷額第1位業種の出荷額ウェイトの関係を見ると、特定産業（出荷額第1位の業種）が総工業出荷額に占める割合の高い地域ほど、出荷額の伸び率が高くなっており、特化の経済性が地域経済に好影響を及ぼしている可能性が指摘できる（第2-3-16図）。例文帳に追加

Adopting the industrial zones described in METI's Census of Manufactures (Reported by Industrial Zone) as regional units,16) an examination of the relationship between the rate of growth in industrialshipments in each of these units (from 1995 to 2000) and the share of shipments of the industry with the highest value of shipments shows that the rate of growth in the value of shipments is higher in regions where a specific industry (i.e. the industry with the highest shipments) accounts for a high proportion of total value of industrial shipments. From this it can be concluded that economies of specialization may have a positive effect on regional economies (Fig. 2-3-16). - 経済産業省

まず、仮に“まちのコンパクトさ”は人口密度で表わされると考えて、全市町村（東京都、大阪府、神奈川・千葉・埼玉県を除く）の人口密度と行政コストとの関係を見ると、市町村の人口密度（2000年国勢調査）と人口一人当たりの維持補修費（2002年度地方財政状況調査）の間には、人口10万人以下の人口別階層において、人口密度が高くなると、一人当たりの維持補修費が低くなるとの有意な負の相関が得られた（第2-3-48図）。例文帳に追加

Assuming firstly that "town compactness" is expressed by population density, an examination of the relationship between the population density of all municipalities (excluding the prefectures of Tokyo, Osaka, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama) and administrative costs reveals a significant correlation between the population density of municipalities (according to the 2000 Population Census) and upkeep cost per capita (according to the survey of local public finance, FY2002 settlement) such that, among municipalities with populations of 100,000 or less, upkeep cost per capita falls as population density increases (Fig. 2-3-48). - 経済産業省

第2部でも触れるように、急成長を続け、人件費も安い東アジア諸国とわずか数時間の距離を隔てるだけの我が国においては、単純に大都市や国内他地域からの企業誘致などに頼って経済成長を遂げるモデルはもはや適用できず、今後は各地域に存在する人材、技能・技術や、農産物も含めた産品、産業集積の機能13などの「地域資源」を有効活用することで、自律的な活性化モデルを構築していくことがより必要になっていくと言えよう。例文帳に追加

As we shall see in Part II, Japan’s location just a few hours from the rapidly growing economies and cheap labor markets of East Asia means that the model of economic growth dependent on simply attracting enterprises from major cities and other regions within Japan is no longer applicable, making it necessary to develop a model of autonomous revitalization based on the effective use of “local resources,” such as the human resources, skills, technologies, goods (including agricultural produce), and functions of industrial clusters found in each region.  - 経済産業省

中国では、鉄道・道路・空港・電力等の重大インフラ整備の加速に1兆5千億元を実施するなど、中低所得者層向け住宅建設や、農村のインフラ整備などに、約4兆元の大規模な景気対策を打ち出したほか、2009年2月から4年間にわたり、家電消費促進のための財政補助を行うなど、産業振興、社会安定、内需拡大を目的として産業振興策や消費刺激策が打ち出されている。例文帳に追加

China has announced policy measures for industrial development and for stimulation of consumption, aimed at promoting industries, stabilizing society and expanding domestic demand. Such measures include large-scale economic policy measures at a scale of approximately 4 trillion RMB for the purpose of constructing housing for the low- to medium-income classes and the improvement of rural agricultural areas, such as projects costing 1.5 trillion RMB for accelerating the improvement of important infrastructures including railways, roads, airports and electricity facilities. The measures also include financial aid aimed at encouraging consumption of household electrical appliances, which will be granted for four years from February 2009. In November 2008, South Korea announced the provision of 14 trillion won in total (approximately ¥1.1 trillion) for the Comprehensive Policy Measures to Overcome the Ongoing Financial Crisis, and in January 2009, it announced the Green New Deal project, for which it will spend a total of 50 trillion won (approximately ¥4 trillion) by 2012. - 経済産業省

その理由として、世界的な重複上場解消の流れや我が国の経済成長の落ち込み等に加え、例えば外国企業の上場にあたって過去5期分の会計報告についての日本語での開示義務があること、金融長官が公益または投資者保護に欠けることがないものとして認めた外国会計基準を除き、日本の会計基準での開示が求められていること、金融産業や法律事務所、会計事務所等の人材不足等の課題が指摘されている。例文帳に追加

The causes for this are said to be that listing foreign companies in Japan requires, for instance, that the accounting reports for the last five periods be disclosed in the Japanese language and based on Japanese accounting standards unless otherwise approved by the Commissioner of the Financial Services Agency as foreign accounting standards that adequately protect the public interest or investors and that the financial industry, law and accounting firms, and related businesses lack human resources, in addition to the worldwide trend of eliminating cross listing and the slowdown in Japan’s economic growth. - 経済産業省

こうした価格高騰の背景には、①アジア等新興諸国の経済成長と食料需要の拡大に起因する構造的な需給のひっ迫が存在しており、さらに②原油価格高騰や気候変動問題に対応する中でのバイオ燃料への需要拡大、③近時の国際金融資本市場の動揺の中で、国際商品市場へ投資・投機資金の流入拡大等があり、グローバル化の進展に伴ってその影響は世界全体に及んでいる。例文帳に追加

Behind the abovementioned price rise is the direct result of (1) the existence of a structurally tight supply and demand balance attributable to the economic growth and increased demand for food in emerging Asian and other countries; (2) increased demand for bio-fuels consequent to the efforts to address the issues of crude oil price rise and changes in the climate; and (3) increased investment flow and speculative funds into the global commodities market in the midst of the recent instability in the international financial capital market, which is causing a worldwide impact owing to the progress of globalization. - 経済産業省

食料問題が世界経済の持続的発展の制約として大きく顕在化している中で、我が国は、現在アジアの新興国が直面している状況（急速な経済成長の中での消費カロリーの増加と食の多様化、これに対応した食料の生産体制の構築と海外からの輸入も含めた安定調達の確保）を先んじて経験しており、現在、主要先進国中、最低の食料自給率となっている。例文帳に追加

As it is clearly apparent that the food problem is restricting the sustainable development of world economy, Japan has already experienced ahead of other Asian countries, the situation currently faced in the emerging Asian countries (which includes increase in calorie consumption and diversification of eating habits in the rapidly growing economy, construction of a food production system to address the above, and securing of stable procurement of food based on imports from overseas and other means). At present, Japan’s self-sufficiency rate in terms of food is the lowest among the major developed countries. - 経済産業省

また、国家戦略会議での議論を経て2012年12月に閣議決定された「日本再生の基本戦略」においては、「アジア太平洋の増大する需要を始めとするグローバル需要の取り込みは、我が国が経済成長を維持・増進していくためにも不可欠である」として、「我が国が率先して高いレベルの経済連携を進め、新たな貿易・投資ルールの形成を主導していくことが重要」との認識が改めて示され、「主要な貿易相手を始めとする幅広い国々と戦略的かつ多角的に経済連携を進める」ことが定められた。例文帳に追加

Under the Strategy for Rebirth of Japan, which was adopted as a Cabinet decision in December 2012 after discussions at the National Policy Meeting, it was once again recognized that “harnessing global demand, including stronger demand in Asia-Pacific region, is vital for Japan to continue and increase economic growth” and “Japan needs to proactively promote high-level economic partnerships and play leading roles in creating new trade and investment rules,” and determined that “Japan will pursue strategic, multifaceted economic partnerships with key trade partners and a wide variety of other countries.” - 経済産業省

先の第2-1-4図において、中小企業によるイノベーションの特徴を見たが、それと中小企業の強みとの関係を考えると、規模の経済性（スケールメリット）が働かないことや、資金調達力の弱さから、中小企業は、大規模な研究開発を推進することは難しいが、経営者がリーダーシップを発揮しつつ、従業員と一緒に一丸となって、イノベーションの実現に向けて創意工夫等に取り組んでいると考えられよう。例文帳に追加

The previous Fig. 2-1-4 looked at the features of innovation by SMEs. Considering the relationship between this and their strengths, it can be seen that they cannot employ economies of scale, (or “scale merits”) and have weaknesses in their ability to procure funding. As such, it is difficult for SMEs to drive large-scale research and development forward. However, it can be assumed that they are striving to realize innovation through creativity with the management working together with the staff, forming a single unit while taking leadership. - 経済産業省

第一には、協定において扱われる分野として、関税・非関税障壁の撤廃のみならず、投資、競争、環境、経済協力、人の移動など、新たな分野に関するルールの整備が含まれるケースが増えたことである（従来の貿易についてのFTAの要素を含みつつ、特定の二国間又は複数国間で域内のヒト、モノ、サービス、カネの移動の更なる自由化、円滑化を図るため、水際及び国内の規制の撤廃や各種経済制度の調和等を行うなど幅広い取り決めを内容とする協定を、わが国では、経済連携協定（Economic Partnership Agreement(EPA)）と呼んでいる）。例文帳に追加

First, there were more cases involving, not only the elimination of tariff and non-tariff barriers to trade, but also the establishment of rules in new areas (such as investment, competition, environment, economic cooperation and the movement of natural persons). - 経済産業省

他方、①既に在職労働者と退職労働者の比率は1980年代末の5:1から3:1まで低下している中、保険基金の積立てが不足していること（財政赤字が拡大している中、基金に対する拠出は拡大）、②「空口座」問題、③基金運用が国債、銀行預金に限定されているため、物価上昇率、賃金上昇率を上回るリターンの確保が難しいこと、等の課題が指摘されており、保険加入者の懸念を完全に払拭できていない。例文帳に追加

But a host of problems remain regarding such insurance. First, insurance premiums deposited with a fund are short as the ratio of active workers per one retired worker declined to 3 from 5 at the end of the 1980s.(Fiscal deficits are expanding while contributions from the fund are increasing) The second problem is money not being sent to individual accounts set up for the fund. Third, investment of money deposited with the fund is confined to government bonds and bank deposits, making it difficult to ensure investment returns that surpass hikes of prices and wage increases. Because of these problems, insurance subscribers are not completely free from concern. - 経済産業省

2006年３月の全人代で行われた「政府活動報告」においては、第10次５カ年計画（2000年～2005年）期間において、経済力が一層高まり、生活は改善されているとしながらも、①経済構造が合理的でなく、経済成長パターンの転換が遅れ、エネルギー消費が多く、環境汚染が深刻化、②投資と消費の関係のバランスが取れていない、③都市部と農村部や地域間の発展の格差及び一部社会構成員の間の収入格差が拡大しつつある、等の矛盾や問題が存在しているとしている。例文帳に追加

In a report on government activities presented to a meeting of the National People’s Congress in March 2006, the Chinese Government said its economy expanded further while people’s livelihood improved under the 10th five-year plan (2000 - 2005). But the Government also said a host of problems and contradictions exist in China. First, a shift of economic growth pattern has been delayed in China due to its irrational economic structure, resulting in an increase in energy consumption and worsening environmental pollution to serious levels. Second, relations between investment and consumption have been imbalanced, according to the report. And thirdly, the report said, income gaps have been expanding between households in urban areas and households in rural areas, between households in one region and households in other regions and between households in a region and other households in the same region. - 経済産業省

中国経済が今後、持続可能でバランスのとれた成長を達成するためには、マクロコントロールの強化を引き続き堅持し、農民の収入増加等を通じた消費需要の拡大、国有企業改革や金融制度改革、社会保障制度改革等の構造的問題への取組を一層進展させながら、投資偏重の成長パターンを是正していくことが急務となっており、今後とも政府の経済政策運営の動向に注視していく必要がある。例文帳に追加

In order for the Chinese economy to achieve balanced, sustainable growth from now, there is an urgent need for China to continue strengthening macroeconomic control, advance further efforts to tackle structural issues such as expanding consumer demand resulting from increased incomes among farmers and other reasons, reform of state-owned enterprises, the financial system and social insurance system, while rectifying the growth pattern characterized by an overemphasis on investment. Thus there is a need to continue paying attention to trends concerning the government’s operation of economic policy. - 経済産業省

2011年末から欧州中央銀行が実施した銀行への3年物資金供給オペやEU・ユーロ圏レベルで財政規律強化及び危機対応枠組みの整備・強化などの政策措置が執られたこと（本節3．参照）により市場の緊張がやや緩和したため、足もとの生産活動は再び緩やかな回復に転じているものの、水準としては依然として世界経済危機以前のピーク時をおよそ11%下回っている。例文帳に追加

Reflecting the slight easing of market tensions caused by the refinancing operation for the banks with a maturity of 3 years implemented by the European Central Bank from the end of 2011 and the implementation of policy measures such as the strengthening of fiscal discipline and the organization/strengthening of the emergency response framework at the EU/euro area level, recent production activities have again shifted towards a moderate recovery. However, they remain at the level of about 11% below the peak before the world economic crisis. - 経済産業省

スペインの失業率が群を抜く高い水準となっている要因としては、硬直的な労働慣行から雇用コストが高止まったことから企業が非正規雇用（有期雇用）の比率を高め、その結果、景気の悪化に伴い非正規雇用者の失業が増加していること、また2000年代の好況を牽引した建設産業が住宅バブル崩壊と緊縮財政に伴う公共工事の減少で大幅に縮小していることが挙げられる。例文帳に追加

The factors contributing to Spain's high unemployment rate include the fact that unemployment of non-regular employees has been mirroring the economic slowdown, as a consequence of the increased percentage of non-regular employment (limited time employment) by enterprises responding to peak labor cost resulting from inflexible labor practices, and also that the construction industry, which drove the robust economy in the 2000s, has been shrinking severely because of the collapse of the housing bubble and the decreasing public works due to fiscal austerity. - 経済産業省

この中では貿易・投資のさらなる自由化を通じて経済成長と雇用創出、消費者便益の拡大を図るとして、具体的には（i）ドーハ・ラウンドの妥結、（ii）ASEAN諸国とのFTAや東欧、中東諸国など近隣諸国との深化した包括的な自由貿易協定（DCFTAs：Deepand Comprehensive Free Trade Agreements）締結、（iii）戦略的な経済パートナーである米国、中国、ロシア、日本、インド、ブラジルとの関係深化、（iv）非関税障壁においてEUと他の諸国の不均衡是正メカニズムを設定し欧州企業の世界展開を支援、などの優先課題を明記している。例文帳に追加

This trade strategy is intended to achieve economic growth and employment creation through further liberalization of trade and investments and expansion of consumer benefits, and clearly states priority tasks, specifically, (i) settlement of the Doha Round, (ii) conclusion of an FTA with ASEAN countries and deep and comprehensive free trade agreements with neighboring countries such as Middle Eastern counties (DCFTAs: Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreements), (iii) deepening of relationships with the United States, China, Russia, Japan, India and Brazil, which are strategic economic partners, and (iv) support for global expansion of European countries by setting a mechanism for correcting the imbalance between the EU and other countries concerning non-tariff barriers. - 経済産業省

そうした動きを国内の貯蓄率の高まりによりカバーできている場合は良いが、今後、諸外国において外貨準備の運用の多様化がより一層進むと、従来のように、日本、ドイツ、ユーロ圏、中東産油国や中国をはじめとするアジア新興国が米国債を購入し、それによって米国の財政赤字（経常収支赤字）がファイナンスされる、という在り方が持続可能かどうか、懸念が生じる。例文帳に追加

There may be no problem if such movements can be covered by the high domestic savings rate. However, when diversification of the foreign reserve operation further advances in future, concern thereby arises whether various foreign countries such as Japan, Germany, euro zone, Middle East oil-producing countries and emerging Asian economies including China, purchase the U.S. government bonds as in the past or not, and concern thereby occurs whether United States of America’s budget deficit (current balance deficit) can continued to be financed by the funds in the way that is done before or not. - 経済産業省