Bushとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

A bush (woody plant)

From Middle English bush, from 古期英語 busċ, *bysċ (“copse, grove, scrub”, in placenames), from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush, thicket”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow”).

Cognate with West Frisian bosk (“forest”), Dutch bos (“forest”), German Busch (“bush”), Danish and Norwegian busk (“bush, shrub”), Swedish buske (“bush, shrub”), Persian بیشه‎ (biše, “woods”). Latin and Romance forms (Latin boscus, Occitan bòsc, French bois かつ buisson, Italian bosco かつ boscaglia, Spanish bosque, Portuguese bosque) derive from the Germanic. The sense 'pubic hair' was first attested in 1745.

名詞

bush (複数形 bushes)

1. (horticulture) A woody plant distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, being usually less than six metres tall; a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category.
   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     I stumbled along through the young pines and huckleberry bushes. Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path that, I cal'lated, might lead to the road I was hunting for. It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a sudden bend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.

2. A shrub cut off, or a shrublike branch of a tree.

   bushes to support pea vines

3. (historical) A shrub or branch, properly, a branch of ivy (sacred to Bacchus), hung out at vintners' doors, or as a tavern sign; hence, a tavern sign, and symbolically, the tavern itself.
   • c. 1598–1600, William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene iv]:

     If it be true that good wine needs no bush, 'tis true that a good play needs no epilogue.

4. (slang, vulgar) A person's pubic hair, especially a woman's.
   • 1749, John Cleland, Memoirs Of Fanny Hill, Gutenberg eBook #25305,

     As he stood on one side, unbuttoning his waistcoat and breeches, her fat brawny thighs hung down, and the whole greasy landscape lay fairly open to my view; a wide open mouthed gap, overshaded with a grizzly bush, seemed held out like a beggar′s wallet for its provision.

   • 1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Faber & Faber 2004 (Avignon Quintet), p. 787:

     But no, the little pool of semen was there, proof positive, with droplets caught hanging in her bush.

5. (hunting) The tail, or brush, of a fox.

同意語

• (category of woody plant): shrub
• See also Thesaurus:pubic hair

派生語

動詞

bush (三人称単数 現在形 bushes, 現在分詞 bushing, 過去形および過去分詞形 bushed)

1. (intransitive) To branch thickly in the manner of a bush.
   • 1726, Homer, Alexander Pope (translator), The Odyssey, 1839, Samuel Johnson (editor), The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope, Esq., page 404,

     Around it, and above, for ever green, / The bushing alders form'd a shady scene.

2. To set bushes for; to support with bushes.

   to bush peas

3. To use a bush harrow on (land), for covering seeds sown; to harrow with a bush.

   to bush a piece of land; to bush seeds into the ground

語源 2

From the sign of a bush usually employed to indicate such places.

名詞

bush (複数形 bushes)

1. (archaic) A tavern or wine merchant.

派生語

• good wine needs no bush

語源 3

From older Dutch bosch (modern bos (“wood, forest”)), first appearing in the Dutch colonies to designate an uncleared district of a colony, and thence adopted in British colonies as bush. Could alternatively be interpreted as a semantic loan, as bush (etymology 1) is cognate to the aforementioned archaic Dutch bosch.

名詞

bush (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 bushes)

1. (often with "the") Rural areas, typically remote, wooded, undeveloped and uncultivated.
   1. (Australia) The countryside area of Australia that is less arid and less remote than the outback; loosely, areas of natural flora even within conurbations.
      • 1894, Henry Lawson, We Called Him “Ally” for Short, Short Stories in Prose and Verse, Gutenberg Australia eBook #0607911,

        I remember, about five years ago, I was greatly annoyed by a ghost, while doing a job of fencing in the bush between here and Perth.

      • 1899, Ethel C. Pedley, Dot and the Kangaroo, Gutenberg Australia eBook #0900681h,

        Little Dot had lost her way in the bush.

      • 2000, Robert Holden, Paul Cliff, Jack Bedson, The Endless Playground: Celebrating Australian Childhood, page 16,

        The theme of children lost in the bush is a well-worked one in Australian art and literature.

   2. (New Zealand) An area of New Zealand covered in forest, especially native forest.
   3. (Canada) The wild forested areas of Canada; upcountry.
2. (Canada) A woodlot or bluff on a farm.

派生語

関連する語

• bushman (not derived from bush but separately derived from cognate Dutch)

派生した語

• → Dutch: bush, bushbush

参考

• backblock, outback

副詞

bush (not comparable)

1. (Australia) Towards the direction of the outback.

   On hatching, the chicks scramble to the surface and head bush on their own.

語源 4

Back-formation from bush league.

形容詞

bush (comparative more bush, superlative most bush)

1. (colloquial) Not skilled; not professional; not major league.

   They're supposed to be a major league team, but so far they've been bush.

名詞

bush

1. (baseball) Amateurish behavior, short for "bush league behavior"

語源 5

From Middle Dutch busse (“box; wheel bushing”), from Proto-Germanic *buhsuz. More at box.

名詞

bush (複数形 bushes)

1. A thick washer or hollow cylinder of metal.
2. A mechanical attachment, usually a metallic socket with a screw thread, such as the mechanism by which a camera is attached to a tripod stand.
3. A piece of copper, screwed into a gun, through which the venthole is bored.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Farrow to this entry?)

同意語

• (washer または cylinder): bushing

関連する語

• reducing bush

動詞

bush (三人称単数 現在形 bushes, 現在分詞 bushing, 過去形および過去分詞形 bushed)

1. (transitive) To furnish with a bush or lining.

   to bush a pivot hole

アナグラム

• Shub, hubs