backupとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

back +‎ up

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈbækˌʌp/

名詞

backup (複数形 backups)

1. A reserve or substitute.

   If the goalkeeper is injured, we have a backup.

2. (computing) A copy of a file or record, stored separately from the original, that can be used to recover the original if it is destroyed or damaged.

   After the power failure, we had to restore the database from backup.

3. An accumulation of material caused by a (partial) obstruction or (complete) blockage of the flow or movement of the material, or an accumulation of material that causes an overflow due to the flow being greater than the maximum possible flow.

   The accident caused a mile-long backup on the highway.

   The blockage caused a backup in the plumbing.

4. (law enforcement) reinforcements

   He's got a gun! You'd better send for backup.

同意語

• (reserve): reserve, stand-in, spare, substitute
• (コンピューター: copy of a file または record):
• (accumulation of material caused by an obstruction of flow): tailback, line (of cars)

派生した語

形容詞

backup (not comparable)

1. Standby, reserve or extra.

   I am only a backup player.

2. (computing) That is intended as a backup.

   Make a backup copy of that file.

3. Supporting, reinforcing; (music) of or related to accompaniment

使用する際の注意点

Back-up is an alternative spelling of backup. Both spellings are used as either a noun or an adjective. The verb back up is always spelled as two words and never with a hyphen.

同意語

• (reserve): extra, reserve, spare, standby
• (supporting): backing

動詞

back up (三人称単数 現在形 backs up, 現在分詞 backing up, 過去形および過去分詞形 backed up)

1. (idiomatic, intransitive) To move backwards, especially for a vehicle to do so.

   That beeping sound indicates that the truck is backing up.

   • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 5, in The Celebrity:

     We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine. […] As we reached the lodge we heard the whistle, and we backed up against one side of the platform as the train pulled up at the other.

2. (idiomatic, transitive) To move a vehicle backwards.

   Back up the car a little, you're blocking the driveway.

3. (idiomatic, intransitive) To undo one's actions.

   I couldn't see how to finish the project, so I backed up and tried it another way.

4. (idiomatic, intransitive) To reconsider one's thoughts.

   This isn't working. Let's back up and think about it.

5. (idiomatic, computing, transitive) To copy (data) so that it can be restored if the main copy is lost.

   Back up your documents folder before applying the update.

6. (idiomatic, transitive) To provide support or the promise of support to.

   You should be careful. This guy is backed up by the local gang.

   When he said I wasn't there, I told him I was, and my buddy backed me up.

   • 2020 May 6, Tim Dunn, “The Architecture The Railways Built”, in Rail, page 76:

     Researching and corroborating facts to put in my script is one thing, but getting sources to back up the assertions of interviewed contributors can be quite another.

7. (idiomatic, intransitive, cricket) For the non-striker to take a few steps down the pitch, in preparation to taking a run, just as the bowler bowls the ball.
8. (idiomatic, intransitive, cricket) For a fielder to position himself behind the wicket (relative to a team-mate who is throwing the ball at the wicket) so as to stop the ball, and prevent overthrows.
9. (idiomatic, intransitive, of a blockage) To halt the flow or movement of something.

   When I flushed the toilet, the plumbing backed up and burst.

10. (idiomatic, intransitive, informal) To fill up because of a backlog.
    • 1995, "Oubliette" (episode of The X-Files TV series)

      WAITRESS: Hurry up with those drinks, Lucy. We're backing up. (Grabs the drinks LUCY has poured.) What are you doing? These are regular. They all ordered large.

派生語

• backupable

名詞

back-up (複数形 back-ups)

1. Alternative spelling of backup

アナグラム

• upback