「戸持」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(20ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

一方、実母である市田氏はその権勢により弟の市田盛常を薩摩藩一所持格（本来島津一族でないとなれない地位）に取り立て、同じ重豪側室で島津斉宣の母である公家の娘・堤氏（春光院(島津重豪側室)）を江戸から鹿児島県に追いだし、自らは重豪の正室同様に振る舞ったのである。例文帳に追加

On the other hand, her biological mother Ichida placed her younger brother Moritsune ICHIDA to the position of Satsumahan issho mochi (position only reserved for Shimazu clan) with her power and acted as if she was a lawful wife of Shigehide after sending Shigehide's another concubine Tsutsumi who was Narinobu SHIMAZU's mother and a daughter of Kuge (Shunkoin (a concubine of Shigehide SHIMAZU)) to Kagoshima from Edo.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

橋本実麗は、公武合体政策の一貫として、姪の和宮親子内親王が14代将軍・徳川家茂との婚姻対策が持ち上がった時には妹で和宮親子内親王の生母・観行院（橋本経子）とともに反対したが、度重なる江戸幕府の要求に和宮親子内親王が折れ、和宮親子内親王と徳川家茂との婚姻が成立。例文帳に追加

When the Tokugawa shogunate offered the lawful marriage of the 14th shogun Iemochi TOKUGAWA with Kazunomiya Chikako to seek Kobu-gattai (the reconciliation between the shogunate and the imperial court), Saneakira and his sister Kangyoin (Tsuneko HASHIMOTO) bitterly opposed the plan; however, at last, Kazunomiya Chikako herself gave way to the shogunate's insistent demands and married Iemochi.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

戦国時代(日本)になると、戦国大名の一円支配が進み、自検断は表向き次第に消滅もしくは縮小していったが、江戸時代以降も村や町（ちょう）といった公認共同体は事実上それに近い自治権を、あたかも自検断権を放棄しているかのごとき建前に立った、政権との妥協と黙認の上に、保持し続けた。例文帳に追加

In the Sengoku period (period of warring states in Japan), ichien shihai (rule the whole territory) by daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) was developed in the Sengoku period and officially Jikendan seemed to disappear and become reduced, however, after the Edo period, authorized communities such as villages and towns (cho) virtually kept possession of their autonomy similar to Jikendan under the compromise and tolerance of the government, standing on the premise that as if they waived their right to judge criminal cases.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

鎌倉幕府において初めての成文法形式の武家法である御成敗式目が定められ、以後室町幕府の建武式目、戦国大名の分国法、江戸幕府の武家諸法度及び諸藩の藩法に継承され、武家政権における日本全国の支配及び地方政権における領国内の封建体制と地域秩序の維持の基本となった。例文帳に追加

The Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) was the first government to enforce the bukeho in the form of statutory law, the Goseibai-shikimoku (code of conduct for samurai), which was inherited by the Kenmu Code enforced by Muromachi bakufu, the bunkokuho (the law individual sengoku-daimyo enforced in their own domain) enforced by daimyo (Japanese territorial lord) during the Sengoku Period, and the Buke Shohatto (code for the warrior households) as well as the hanpo (code for regional domains) enforced during the time of the Edo bakufu; the bukeho thus became the prototype of codes for the military government to control the nation and for the regional administrations to maintain the feudal system and the regional order within their domains.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

ただし、内戦状態が解消して安定状態がもたらされた江戸時代には、表向き禁止された百姓の一揆が結成され、それによる権益要求の示威活動（強訴）が行われても、一揆側で真に戦闘時に威力を発揮する鉄砲や弓矢といった飛び道具の持ち出しは自粛されるなど、一定の妥協が成立していた。例文帳に追加

In the Edo period after civil wars had ended and the nation was stabilized, although the peasants formed ikki in spite of the ostensible prohibition and held demonstrations (goso) to demand their rights, a certain compromise had been reached, and those on the side of the ikki refrained from using such long range weapons as muskets and bows which were most effective in battle.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

時代劇等では、大名行列が往来を通り過ぎるときには必ず先導の旗持ちの「下にー、下にー」との声にあわせ百姓、商人などは脇により平伏しているシーンが登場するが、実際にはこの掛け声を使えるのは徳川御三家（なお水戸藩は例外で参勤交代はなかった）だけで、ほかの大名家は「よけろ～、よけろ～」という掛け声を用い、脇に避けるだけでよかった。例文帳に追加

In jidaigeki (historical play), there sometimes is a scene that a standard-bearer calls out "Shitani, Shitani (Down on your knees, down on your knees) " when daimyo-gyoretsu goes through a street, letting peasants and merchants prostrate at the side of the street, but actually this call-out could have been used by only Tokugawa gosanke (three privileged branches of Tokugawa family) (Mito domain was exceptionally having no Sankinkotai), and other daimyo families instead used "Yokero, Yokero (Step aside, step aside) ", just letting people step aside.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

前水戸藩主徳川斉昭の七男・一橋慶喜は英明との評判が高く、これを支持し諸藩との協調体制を望む一橋派と、血統を重視し、現将軍に血筋の近い紀州藩主徳川慶福（後の徳川家茂）を推す保守路線の南紀派とに分裂し、激しく対立した。例文帳に追加

The successor issue divided the domains into two factions in fierce conflict with each other: One was the Hitotsubashi family supporting Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI who had a great reputation for intelligence and was the seventh son of Nariaki TOGUKAWA, the previous lord of Mito Domain; and the other was the conservative Nanki group supporting Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA (later Iemochi TOKUGAWA) who had a close genealogy with the current Shogun and was the lord of the Kishu Domain because of regarding blood line as important.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

このため、慶応3年5月13日（1866年6月25日）に欧米諸国は江戸幕府と改税約書を結び、内外貨幣の等価交換とその安定化のために万延年間に定められた現行の貨幣水準を当面維持し、将来的には国際水準に見合った貨幣制度を導入することを約束させられたのである。例文帳に追加

For this reason, on June 25, 1866, Western countries and the Edo bakufu concluded a kaizeiyakusho, promising to maintain the current currency level fixed during the Manen era (end of the Edo period) for the moment for the equivalent exchange of domestic and overseas currency and it's stabilization, and that in the future Japan would adopt a currency system that corresponds with the international level.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

1415年、上杉禅秀が関東地方において乱を起こした際、満重（小栗判官の父の名であるがここでは小栗判官自身）は管領足利持氏に攻め落とされ、落ち延びるが、相模国の国に10人の家来とともに潜伏中に見初めた相模横山家（横山大膳・横浜市戸塚区俣野に伝説が残る）の娘照手姫と結婚の約束を交わす。例文帳に追加

In 1415, when Zenshu UESUGI started a revolt in Kanto region, Mitsushige (which is the name of Ogurihangan's father but refers to Ogurihangan himself in this context) ran away as he was defeated by the shognate deputy Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, but Oguri became engaged to the Princess Terute, a young woman from Yokoyama family (Daizen YOKOYAMA's legend remains in Matano, Totsuka Ward, Yokohama City) in Sagami Province, whom he fell in love with while hiding together with 10 of his retainers in Sagami Province.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

他方京都では神氏の後裔である神善四郎が慶長年間に徳川家康に許可を得て秤座を維持していたが、徳川家綱の時代に承応2年令が発せられ、舛の場合と同様に日本を二分し、東33カ国の秤は江戸の守随氏が、西33カ国の秤は京都の神氏が支配することとなった。例文帳に追加

While in Kyoto, Zenshiro Zin, a descendant of the Zin family, got a license from Ieyasu TOKUGAWA during the Keicho era and had maintained hakari-za since then, Shoo-ninenrei (official document issued in the second year of Shoo era) was issued by Ietsuna TOKUGAWA, dividing Japan into two as in the case of masu, and allowing the Shuzui family to control scales in 33 provinces in eastern Japan and the Zin family in Kyoto to control scales in 33 provinces in western Japan.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

1月より持ち越しの由利公正（越前藩士）が起草した新政府の方針案では、諸侯会議派である土佐藩の福岡孝弟が第一条冒頭に「列侯会議ヲ興シ」の字句を挿入し、表題も「会盟」と改めており、3月の木戸による国是建議の後提出したが、もはやこの時期には列侯会議は必要性を失していた。例文帳に追加

For the draft policy of the new government prepared by Kosei YURI (feudal retainer of Echizen) and had been carried over from January, Takachika FUKUOKA of Tosa Domain who belonged to the lords conference group inserted the phrase 'Establish a council by feudal lords' to the beginning of the Article 1 and amended the title to 'Kaimei (pledge of feudal lords)', and submitted it after Kido's proposal for national policy in March, but the necessity of the council by feudal lords had already been lost by then.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

慶応3年9月26日(旧暦)（1867年10月23日）に江戸幕府は旗本・御家人に対する軍役を廃して代わりに所領収益の半分を軍役金として徴収する制度を導入するとともに、布衣以上の役料・足高・役料・役扶持を全て役金に統一する改革を行った。例文帳に追加

On October 23, 1867, the Edo bakufu made reform by introducing a system to collect a half of the territory revenue instead of the abolished military service system applied to hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu) and gokenin (vassals) while integrating yakuryo, tashidaka (supplementary stipends), yakuryo and yakubuchi (monthly salaries) paid to those who were in hoi and higher positions (from Jushiinojo [Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade] Upper Grade) to Jugoinoge [Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade]) into yakikin.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

２住戸１階段構成からなるＲＣ造の既存集合住宅１に付加される耐震補強構造であって、既存集合住宅１の階段室側に、所定離れをとって地中支持構造１５上に立設された複数のコアウォール２０（２１，２５）の頂部を梁３０で連結してなる耐震フレーム１０を設ける。例文帳に追加

An aseismatic reinforcement structure added to an RC-structured existing apartment house 1 which has a 2-dwellings with 1-staircase structure is provided with an aseismatic frame 10 formed by connecting apexes of a plurality of core walls 20 (21,25), vertically erected on an underground support structure 15 at predetermined intervals on a staircase side of the existing apartment house 1, by a beam 30. - 特許庁

施錠途中ではロック装置の機械的拘束動作の速度を低減するような反力を付与して機械衝突時の不快な衝撃音を低減し、かつ施錠状態ではロック装置に対して保持力を付与しつつ拘束するようにして、静音化および固定力の向上をともに実現させた車両用引戸開閉装置を提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a sliding door opening/closing device for a vehicle, which reduces an unpleasant impact noise at mechanical collision by applying such a reaction force as to decrease a speed of a mechanical restraining motion of a lock device, midway through a locking operation, and which achieves both silencing and an increase in a fixing force by bringing about a restraining action while applying a holding force to the lock device in a locked state. - 特許庁

本発明のドアガイド装置１１によれば、スライドドア１２の上端部の両端に配置された第１と第２のメイン戸車２１Ａ，２１Ｂに対応して、第１と第２のガイドレール６１，６２が別々に設けられると共に、それら第１と第２のガイドレール６１，６２がそれぞれ長手方向の中央部を中心に傾動可能に支持されている。例文帳に追加

This door guide device 11 is constituted by providing a first guide rail 61 and a second guide rail 62 separately from each other by corresponding to a first main sash roller 21A and a second main sash roller 21B arranged at both ends of an upper end part of the sliding door 12 and supporting the first and second guide rails 61, 62 to tilt centered on a central part in the longitudinal direction of each of them. - 特許庁

その内部に設けられた複数の量子井戸を有する利得領域と、前記利得領域に電子及びホールを供給するための電極と、前記利得領域で発生する光を反射させる反射部を有し、複数の光学的発振モードを保持するように構成したファブリペロー型の半導体レーザ装置において、モードロックされた光パルスを取り出すように構成したものである。例文帳に追加

A Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser is provided with a gain region 7 containing a plurality of quantum wells, electrodes 1 and 6 for supplying electrons and holes to the gain region 7, and a reflecting section which reflects the light generated in the gain region 7 and is constituted to hold a plurality of optical oscillation modes and to extract a mode-locked optical pulse. - 特許庁

固定側と係止可能としたラッチボルトにより、扉の閉戸状態を安定して保持することができるようにしながら、扉のいずれか一方側から選択的に扉に取り付けた扉操作部本体を操作することにより、固定側と係止可能としたラッチボルトを外し、扉を軽快に開閉できるようにした両開き扉用扉操作装置を提供すること。例文帳に追加

To provide a door operation device for a double hinged door capable of lightly opening/closing the door by disconnecting a latch bolt lockable on the fixing side by operating door operation part bodies selectively installed on the door from either one side of the door while stably holding a door closing state of the door by the latch bolt lockable on the fixing side. - 特許庁

従って、戸枠内の全ての障子２０を見付け方向の一方側に寄せることにより、二個のアタッチメント５１のうち、障子２０を支持していないアタッチメント５１Ａまたはアタッチメント５１Ｂを取り外すことができ、その下方の排水経路の掃除を障子２０を全く外すことなく容易に行える。例文帳に追加

Accordingly, the attachment 51A or the attachment 51B supporting no movable fitting section 20 in the two attachments 51 can be removed by drawing all movable fitting sections 20 in the door frame near to one side in the face direction, and a drainage path in the lower section of the two attachments 51 is cleaned easily without taking off the movable fitting sections 20 at all. - 特許庁

戸建て住宅や５００ｍ^２以下の集合住宅建設や、農地の駐車場への改変などのための土地の舗装など、比較的小さい規模の雨水浸透阻害行為に対しても治水機能を持ち、また、貯留した雨水の利用も可能な、居住地域での大きなスペースを必要とせず、経済的な雨水の治水利水システムを提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a rainwater flood control and water utilization system having a flood control function to rainwater infiltration impediment action of comparatively small scale such as construction of a detached house or a multiple dwelling house of 500 m^2 or less, paving of land for alteration from farmland to a parking lot, allowing the use of stored rainwater and economical without needing a large space in a living region. - 特許庁

建物の開口部に設けられている引き戸サッシの既設の上サッシ枠に、このサッシ枠と略同一幅をもって垂設される新たな上側レールと、前記建物の開口部に設けられている既設の下側レールに被着される新たな被覆型下側レールと、前記新たな上側レールおよび新たな被覆型下側レールに移動可能に支持された障子とを備えた。例文帳に追加

An existing upper sash frame of a sliding door sash provided in an opening of a building is provided with a new upper rail provided hanging with almost the same width as the sash frame, a new covering type lower rail attached to an existing lower rail provided at the opening of the building, and a sash movably supported to the new upper rail and new covering type lower rail. - 特許庁

本発明は、引き違い戸について補助錠を取り付けた場合、従来のように主たる錠装置のキーと補助錠のキーとの少なくとも二種類のキーを所持して管理する必要がなく、キーを必要としないタイプの補助錠については、自己所有の補助錠特有の施解錠番号を設定できるデジタル式補助錠を提供することを目的とするものである。例文帳に追加

To provide a digital auxiliary lock not requiring a key and allowing the user to set an unlocking number particular to the lock possessed by the user, for solving the problem that the user has to possess and control two keys, that is, a key for a main lock and a key for an auxiliary lock when the auxiliary lock is installed on a double sliding door. - 特許庁

画素から読み出した信号電荷を垂直電荷転送路１１に沿って転送し、垂直電荷転送路１１を水平電荷転送路の転送中に停止させ、該停止中に所定の垂直転送電極の下に形成した電位井戸内に前記信号電荷を保持するＣＣＤ型固体撮像素子の駆動方法において、前記停止毎に、前記所定の垂直転送電極Ｖ１をＶ２，Ｖ１と交互に変更する。例文帳に追加

In a driving method of a CCD type solid-state imaging device which transfers signal charges read out of pixels along a vertical charge transfer line 11 and stops the vertical charge transfer path 11 during transfer on a horizontal charge transfer path to hold the signal charges in a potential well formed below a prescribed vertical transfer electrode during the stop, prescribed vertical transfer electrodes V1 and V2 are alternated at each stop. - 特許庁

上面に見込み方向に並列する複数本の引き戸用のレール３が形成された下枠本体２の、最も室外寄りに位置するレール３の室外側に、一旦立ち上がり、室内側から室外側へかけてレール３の上端から室外の床面７の高さまで下方へ傾斜する傾斜面42を持つアタッチメント４を一体的に設置する。例文帳に追加

An attachment 4 has a sloped surface 42 which once rises up and then slopes downward from the upper end of a rail 3 to the height of an outdoor floor surface 7 as one united body, at the outdoor side of a rail 3 located farthest from indoors among a plurality of rails 3, formed at the body 2 of the bottom frame for the sliding doors in parallel in the depth direction at the top surfaces. - 特許庁

電気料金環境割引システムは検針員が顧客各戸の検針時に携帯し、電気料金の算出並びに電気使用量のお知らせを印刷し、配布するハンディターミナル１０と電力会社内に設置され電気使用量、家族構成データベース等を持つサーバ３０とネットワーク４０とを備える。例文帳に追加

This electric charge environmental discount system has: a handy terminal 10 portably carried by a meter reader when meter reading of each customer house, printing a notice of calculation of an electric charge and an electric use amount, and distributing it; a server 30 installed inside an electric power company, having an electric use amount and family structure database or the like; and a network 40. - 特許庁

一対のヒンジ部材を支点軸で開閉自在に連結した折戸用ヒンジについて、ヒンジ部材を展開した際の、支点軸の外周にはめ込まれたカム軸の係合面と、片方のヒンジ部材上にスライド可能に支持されてカム軸に向けて付勢されたラッチ部材との係合により発生する衝突音を軽減する。例文帳に追加

To provide a hinge for a folding door including a pair of hinge members mutually connected to be openable and closeable at a support shaft which alleviates the collision noise generated by the engagement of an engaging face of a cam shaft fitted to an outer periphery of the support shaft with a latch member slidably supported on one of the hinge members and urged to a cam shaft when the hinge members are opened. - 特許庁

訪問販売営業担当者が営業中に所持するモバイルコンピュータによって作成されたトランザクションデータファイルを営業支援サーバーに送信し、前記営業支援サーバーで訪問販売営業担当者の営業日報を作成することができる全戸地図データーベース営業支援システムを提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a whole household map database business support system, in which a person in charge of door-to-door selling business transmits a transaction data file created by his or her carried mobile computer during business, to a business support server, and the business daily report of the person in charge of the door-to-door selling business is created by the business support server. - 特許庁

ユニット１１１、１２１は、戸板１１の正面に固着される固定部材と、固定部材を覆うユニットカバー１１３と、固定部材１１２に保持され水平方向に圧縮され反発するダンパと、ダンパを隠しつつ固定部材に対して水平方向にスライドするダンパカバー１１６とを備えている。例文帳に追加

Each of the units 111 and 121 is equipped with a fixing member which is fixed to the front of the door panel 11, a unit cover 113 for covering the fixing member, a damper which is held by the fixing member 112, so as to be horizontally compressed and repel, and a damper cover 116 which horizontally slides with respect to the fixing member while concealing the damper. - 特許庁

～住宅着工戸数は東北、四国で減少している～ばらつきが高水準で推移する民間設備投資や民間住宅投資に対して、公共投資は、民間需要を補うような形で投資を配分することによって、民間部門における地域間の需要のばらつきを平準化する機能を持つと考えられる。例文帳に追加

Housing starts decreased in Tohoku and Shikoku In comparison with private non-residential investment and private residential investment whose variations trend at high levels, public investment is believed to have a function of leveling the variations in demand between regions in the private sector by allocating investment to meet private-sector demand. - 経済産業省

税関：税関職員が放射能探知機を手に持ち、コンテナ（全量）の外側を測る。対象のコンテナは、仙台港、仙台塩釜港、石巻港（以上宮城）、小名浜港、相馬港（以上福島）、茨城港、鹿島港、川尻港、大津港、大洗港（以上茨城）、釜石港、宮古港（以上岩手）、八戸港（青森）から全ての海上コンテナ。例文帳に追加

Customs: Inspection of outside surface of container (whole quantity) by customs staff with radio activity detector Target container: All marine containers from Sendai Port,Sendai Shiogama Port,Ishinomaki Port (Miyagi),Onahama port, Soma Port(Fukushima), Ibaraki Port,Kashima Port, Kawashiri Port,Otsu Port, Ooarai Port (Ibaraki),Kamaishi Port, Miyako Port(Iwate), Hachinohe Port(Aomori). - 経済産業省

前掲木村・戸堂（2007）で得られたODA係数で、アフリカに対する我が国ODAの、我が国からの海外直接投資に対する「先兵効果」を算出すると、1996年から2005年の我が国の対アフリカ直接投資の増額の22.1％は、我が国ODAに起因するものとの説明ができることから、我が国ODAは、アジアでの経験同様に、民間投資の振興という効果をアフリカに対しても持つと言える。例文帳に追加

Using the ODA factor obtained from Kimura and Todo (2007) to calculate the "advance guard effect" of Japanese ODA for foreign direct investment in Africa, the direct investment from Japan to Africa increased by 22.1% in 10 years from 1996 to 2005. Thus, it is fair to say that our ODA has the effect of promoting private investment in Africa, similar to the case in Asia. - 経済産業省

東京、横浜、大阪、神戸の四都市に本社をおく財閥を中央財閥、その他を地方財閥と定義されるが、西宮に本社を持つ辰馬財閥のようにその規模や活動範囲からみても中央財閥としての風格を持つものもあるため、全国的規模の企業活動を行っていた財閥を中央財閥、各地域に限定された企業活動を行っていた財閥を地方財閥と分類することができる。例文帳に追加

A central zaibatsu is generally defined as a zaibatsu whose headquarters are located in Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka or Kobe, while local zaibatsu are the other zaibatsu; however, there are some zaibatsu whose size and range of activities are as great as those of the central zaibatsu - such as Tatsuuma Zaibatsu - and thus central zaibatsu can also be defined as a zaibatsu that has developed nationwide corporate activities; contrastingly, a zaibatsu that has developed activities limited to a specific area can be defined as a local zaibatsu.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

平安時代に関東地方において「新皇」を名乗った平将門一党や、鎌倉幕府滅亡後に後醍醐天皇によって開始された建武の新政から離反した足利尊氏、江戸時代末期には1864(元治元)の八月十八日の政変で失脚した長州藩（禁門の変で京都御所に発砲した事により朝敵となり、幕府による長州征伐を受けて二次にわたる幕長戦争が起こる）、王政復古(日本)により15代将軍徳川慶喜（慶喜は朝敵とされると上野寛永寺に謹慎した）、戊辰戦争においては江戸幕府側勢力（中心的勢力とみなされた会津藩は新政府軍から集中攻撃を浴び、会津藩を強く支持した米沢藩は、比較的早期に降伏したにもかかわらず、戦後重罪に処された）が朝敵とされた。例文帳に追加

The party of TAIRA no Masakado, who called himself 'Shinno' (new emperor) in the Kanto region in the Heian period, Takauji ASHIKAGA, who broke away from the Kenmu Restoration, which was initiated by Emperor Gotoba after the fall of the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), at the end of the Edo period, Choshu clan, which was brought down by the Coup of August 18 in 1864 (became choteki by firing at the Kyoto Imperial Palace in the Kin-mon Gate Incident, and was attacked by the bakufu in the conquest of Choshu, which led to two Bakucho Wars (wars between bakufu and Choshu)), Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA, the 15th Shogun, in the oseifukko (restoration of imperial power) (Japan) (Yoshinobu confined himself at the Ueno Kanei-ji Temple when he was deemed choteki), and the Edo bakufu side in the Boshin War (Aizu Clan, which was seen as the central force received concentrated attacks by the new government troops, and Yonezawa Clan, which strongly supported the Aizu Clan, faced serious charges despite their relatively early surrender) were considered choteki.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

従って、江戸時代以前の本末関係は非常に複雑であり、宗派・法流の枠組みの中で本山が末寺の別当などの役職を補任するという後世に続く強い関係を有するものもあれば、末寺の荘園や布施などによる収入の一部を上納させて本山財政に寄与させる経済的つながりを主体とした関係（特に他宗派寺院・神社を末寺とする場合には、従来の宗派を維持する保障として上納を求めた）、全くの形式的なものに留まる関係など様々であった。例文帳に追加

As a result, the relationship between the head temple and matsuji was complicated; there were various relationships that focused on the head temple's finances by making it matsuji in order to contribute a part of its income from shoen (a manor in medieval Japan) and offerings (particularly, it sought donations for temples of different sects and shrines as a matsuji, as insurance to keep its original school and sect), or as a completely systemized relationship.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

更に京都の町は江戸幕府以前からの様々な法令・慣習などが定められており、奉行所の与力・同心がこれらを把握する事が困難となっていたために、彼らからの諮問を受けた町代が先例などに基づいて回答を行う事も町代の重要な職務となるなど、奉行所の職務・運営を円滑化に必要な事務業務の代行が町代に委任されるようになって、町奉行の組織維持のための一端を担うようになっていった。例文帳に追加

As ordinance and convention had been established in the towns in Kyoto before the Edo period, which ranged too wide for police sergeants and constables to comprehend, it became also an important duty for Machidai to answer the questions from the police sergeants and constables based on the precedents--As such, Machidai became authorized to act as a proxy in execution of secretarial works necessary for facilitating the duties and operations of the Kyoto city magistrates' office, thereby contributed to keep organization of the city magistrates' office.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

一つは奥野定良（1,000石組頭）・進藤源四郎（400石足軽頭）・小山良師（300石足軽頭）・岡本重之（400石大阪留守居役）ら高禄取りを中心にしたお家再興優先派、もう一つは堀部武庸（200石江戸留守居役）・高田郡兵衛（石馬廻役）・奥田重盛（150石武具奉行）ら腕自慢の家臣を中心に、小禄の家臣たちに支持された吉良上野介への仇討ち優先派である。例文帳に追加

One area of contention regarded the fact that some members from certain branches of the family received a higher salary such as Sadayoshi OKUNO who received 1,000 koku as kumigashira (group leader), and Genshiro SHINDO who received 400 koku as ashigarugashira (head of the ashigaru) who retained warriors controlling the ashigaru, Yoshikazu KOYAMA who received 300 koku as ashigarugashira, and Shigeyuki OKAMOTO who received 400 koku as Osaka rusuiyaku (a regent) amongst others, as opposed to the Adauchi faction, which prioritized avenging Kozukenosuke KIRA, primarily powerful vassals such as Taketsune HORIBE who received 200 koku as Edo rusuiyaku, Gunbei TAKADA who received 200 koku as Umamawariyaku (body guard), and Shigemori OKUDA who received 150 koku as arms bugyo (magistrate) amongst others who were supported by a smaller stipend.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

京都七口は元来、京都と七道を結ぶ街道の入口として設置されたと考えられ、大原口（小原口・八瀬口→北陸道）・鞍馬口（出雲路口）・粟田口（東三条口→東海道）・伏見口（宇治口・木幡口→南海道）・鳥羽口（→西海道）・丹波口（西七条口・七条口→山陰道）・長坂口（→(丹波道)）の7つと言われているが、これは関所が廃止された江戸時代以後の説で史実に即しているのか疑問を持たれている。例文帳に追加

It is thought that Kyoto nanakuchi were originally set as entrances to the roads connecting Kyoto and seven circuits, and are said to be the Oohara entrance (the Ohara Entrance, the Yase entrance: the Hokuriku road), the Kurama entrance (the Izumo road entrance), the Awata entrance (the Higashi-sanjo entrance: the Tokai road), the Fushimi entrance (the Uji entrance, the Kohata entrance: the Nankai road), the Toba entrance (the Saikai road), the Tanba entrance (the Nishi-shichijo entrance, the Shichijo entrance: the Sanin road) and the Nagasaka entrance (the Tanba road); however, this theory came about after the Edo Period and when such checkpoints had been abolished, so there are doubts surrounding whether these are historical facts.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

戦国大名としての徳川氏にも右筆は存在したと考えられるが、徳川家康の三河国時代の右筆は家康の勢力拡大と天下掌握の過程で奉行・代官などの行政職や譜代大名などに採用されたために、江戸幕府成立時に採用されていた右筆は多くは旧室町幕府奉行衆の子弟（曾我尚祐）や関ヶ原の戦いで東軍を支持した豊臣政権の右筆衆（大橋重保）、関東地方平定時に家康に仕えた旧後北条氏の右筆（久保正俊）などであったと考えられている。例文帳に追加

Although Yuhitsu existed in the Tokugawa clan as a warring lord, because those Yuhitsu who were working for Ieyasu TOKUGAWA when he was in Mikawa Province were appointed to administrative posts, such as Bugyo or Daikan, or Fudai Daimyo (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) as Ieyasu expanded his influence and subdued various regions to unify Japan, it is thought that many of them who were hired as Yuhitsu when the Edo Bakuhu was established were the children of the Bugyo-shu belonged to the former Muromachi Bakuhu (Naosuke SOGA), the Yuhitsu-shu of the Toyotomi government (Shigeyasu OHASHI), supported the 'eastern' army at the Battle of Sekigahara, and the Yuhitsu of the former Gohojo clan, served Ieyasu when he subdued Kanto region.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その説によれば、最初の神託は皇位継承以外の出来事に纏わる（恐らくはこの年に行われた由義宮（道鏡の故郷である河内国弓削）遷都に関する）ものであって、これに乗じた藤原氏（恐らくは藤原永手とその弟の藤原楓麻呂か）が和気清麻呂を利用して白壁王あるいはその子である他戸親王（称徳天皇の父・聖武天皇の外孫の中で唯一皇位継承権を持つ）の立太子するようにという神託を仕立て上げようとしたことが発覚したために清麻呂が流刑にされたとする可能性も指摘されている。例文帳に追加

According to this view, the first oracle was about an event not related to the succession to the Imperial Throne (perhaps it was related to the capital relocation to Yugenomiya Detached Palace [Yuge, in Kawachi Province, hometown of Dokyo] done in the same year), and WAKE no Kiyomaro was exiled because the plan by the Fujiwara clan (probably FUJIWARA no Nagate and his younger brother FUJIWARA no Kaedemaro) to make up an oracle using Kiyomaro was uncovered; according to this plan, the oracle says Prince Shirakabe or his son Imperial Prince Osabe should become Crown Prince (among the grandchildren of Emperor Shomu, Emperor Shotoku's father, born to his daughters married into another family, Imperial Prince Osabe was the only grandchild who had the right to ascend the Imperial Throne).  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

明治4年7月14日(旧暦)（1871年8月29日）に断行された廃藩置県の後始末が済まないうちに、岩倉使節団の計画が持ち上がり最終的に岩倉具視・大久保利通・木戸孝允ら明治政府を主導してきた首脳の多くが加わる一大使節団となったことから、使節団の外遊中の留守を守るとともに廃藩置県の後始末を行うための組織として太政大臣三条実美を筆頭に西郷隆盛・井上馨・大隈重信・板垣退助・江藤新平・大木喬任らによって結成された。例文帳に追加

The Iwakura Mission project came up before the completion of Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishement of prefectures) that had been set about on August 29, 1871, in the project Tomomi IWAKURA, Toshimichi OKUBO, Takayoshi KIDO and many other leaders of the Meiji government finally joined the great delegation, and therefore the Establishment was organized by Grand Minister Sanetomi SANJO at its head, Takamori SAIGO, Kaoru INOUE, Shigenobu OKUMA, Taisuke ITAGAKI, Shinpei ETO and Takao OKI in order to protect the nation and to settle the affairs of Haihan-chiken while the Iwakura Mission was traveling abroad officially.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

そうしますと、農林水産省が農作物、お米に関して、今お米はそういうことを禁止されていますけれども、大豆だとか小豆等々は伝統的に江戸時代から農林水産省（の所管）といいますか、明治17年に日本国に内閣制度ができたときから、農商務省の所管でございますから、農水省は農水省で思いもあるし、これは基本的に許認可の問題でございますから、色々愛着を持っておられるということもよく分かります。また、経済産業省の石油等々の取引も産業政策の一環ですから、今率直に言ってなかなか難航いたしております。例文帳に追加

This brings us to imagine that in the case of agricultural crops, which have been overseen by the MAFF, or its predecessor, the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce, since the cabinet system was established in Japan in 1884, the MAFF presumably has its own ideas. As this issue is fundamentally connected to its licensing authority, I understand well that it must feel an attachment in various areas. For oil and other trading that is under the jurisdiction of the METI, we are, frankly, having much difficulty because it forms part of the METI's industrial policy.  - 金融庁

その理由として、江戸時代に入って徳川綱吉によって諸国鉄砲改めによる百姓の狩猟及び銃の原則所持禁止、銃器の移動制限がなされたことや、鎖国の影響による技術進歩の停滞という通説、フリントロック式は火縄式に比べ強力なバネが装着されており、撃鉄作動時の衝撃が大きく、引金を引いてから一瞬遅れて装薬に着火する機構のため銃身がぶれ、火縄銃に比べ命中率が悪く「一発必中」を好む日本人から嫌われたらしいことのほかに、日本では良質の火打石が産出せず大量生産ができなかったこと、またおそらくはすべての武術と同じく鉄炮術も一種の競技的な要素を含んで流派形式で継承されたため、その結果必然的に器具類の改変は避けられた、という要素も大きかった。例文帳に追加

The reasons for this follow; in the Edo period Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA prohibited hunting and the possession of a gun by farmers in principle; that the transfer of a gun was limited; that, commonly believed, the technological advance of guns stagnated from the influence of the exclusion of foreigners (national isolation); that a flintlock gun (flintlock system) had a stronger spring than a hinawaju and when the gunlock operating the impact was big and after trigger was pulled, the ignition mechanism for the explosive charge momentarily wavered and the accuracy of fire was bad and thus Japanese who liked to 'ippatsu hicchu' (hit with one shot), disliked the flintlock gun; that good quality flints could not be found in Japan and could not be mass-produced; and that, as a big factor, the art of gun was inherited probably in the form of a school-style gun for competitions like all the martial arts and as a result, the improvement of the weapon was necessarily avoided.  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

この日、西郷を中心に作戦会議が開かれ、小兵衛の「海路から長崎を奪い、そこから二軍に分かれて神戸・大阪と横浜・東京の本拠を急襲」する策、野村忍介の「三道に別れ、一は海路で長崎に出てそこから東上、一は海路から豊前・豊後を経て四国・大坂に出てそこから東上、一は熊本・佐賀・福岡を経ての陸路東上」する策即ち三道分進策が出されたが、小兵衛・野村忍介の策は3隻の汽船しかなく軍艦を持たない薩軍にとっては成功を期し難く、池上の「熊本城に一部の抑えをおき、主力は陸路で東上」する策が採用された。例文帳に追加

On the same day, SAIGO held a council of war, and Kohei proposed the plan that 'the troops should attack Nagasaki from sea and then divide into two groups, one of which would raid Kobe and Osaka and the other of which would raid Yokohama and the headquarters in Tokyo', whereas Oshisuke NOMURA proposed the plan of heading east through three courses that 'the army should divide into three groups, one of which would go to Nagasaki by sea and head east from there, another of which would go to Shikoku and Osaka by sea through Buzen and Bungo Provinces and head east from there, and the other of which would head east by land through Kumamoto, Saga, and Fukuoka,' but both of the plans seemed to have little chance of succeeding for the Satsuma army, which had no warship but only three steamships; finally, they adopted the IKEGAMI's plan of 'deploying part of the army in Kumamoto Castle to defend the region and having the main force headed east by land.'  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

大阪は、本当に伝統的な日本の商業、経済の中心でございますし、江戸時代からの商業の中心でもございますが、大阪において金融機関の経営陣や、大阪府の商工会議所をはじめとする中小企業4団体の方々と、大阪、近畿地方の状況について、率直な意見の交換を行ったところでございますが、意見交換の中では、製造業の一部には業況が持ち直してきているところも見受けられますが、特に輸出企業については円高の影響もあり先行き不安があるなど、中小企業を巡る状況はなお厳しいものであるという意見が出ておりまして、私も厳しいだろうとは予想して行きましたが、中小企業4団体、あるいは中小企業を主に相手にしておられる地方銀行、あるいは信用金庫、信用組合、そういったところの頭取、社長、理事長からも、やはり非常にやはり円高の影響が強いという話を聞かせていただきました。例文帳に追加

While in Osaka, a center of the traditional Japanese commerce and economy as well as a commercial center ever since the Edo era, I met with managers of financial institutions and four different SME business groups, including the Osaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry, to exchange frank views about the current state of Osaka and the Kinki region. During our talks, it was pointed out that business appears to be picking up in some segments of the manufacturing industry, but the circumstances surrounding SMEs still remain harsh, particularly in exporting companies, given the apprehension about their future, partly due to the appreciation of the yen. I had expected that this grave reality would be emphasized and did indeed hear the four SME business groups, or presidents and chairmen of regional banks, or shinkin banks and credit associations whose main customers are SMEs, also speak about the extremely strong impact of the high yen.  - 金融庁