wrangleとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源

The verb is derived from Middle English wranglen, wrangle (“to contend with (someone) in a test of strength; (比喩的に) to make misleading arguments to entrap”);^[1] from a Middle Dutch or Middle Low German word related to Middle Dutch wrangen and Middle Low German wrangen (“to cause an uproar; to struggle, wrestle”) (whence Low German wrangeln (“to wrangle”)), related to Middle Dutch wringen (“to twist; to wrest; to wring; to struggle, wrestle”),^[2] ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wringaną (“to squeeze; to twist; to wring”).

The noun is derived from the verb.^[3]

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɹæŋɡl̩/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɹæŋɡ(ə)l/
• 韻: -æŋɡəl
• ハイフネーション: wrang‧le

動詞

wrangle (三人称単数 現在形 wrangles, 現在分詞 wrangling, 過去形および過去分詞形 wrangled)

1. (transitive)
   1. To convince or influence (someone) by arguing or contending.
   2. Followed by out of: to elicit (something) from a person by arguing or bargaining.
   3. (archaic, rare)
      1. To speak or write (something) in an argumentative or contentious manner.
      2. To spend (time) arguing or quarrelling.
   4. (Western US) To herd (horses または other livestock).
      • 1962 January 12, “Cinema: The Second Time Around [film review]”, in Roy Alexander, editor, Time‎^[1], New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., ISSN 0928-8430, OCLC 224518090, archived from the original on 17 July 2010:

        When she [Debbie Reynolds as Lucretia Rogers] tries to wrangle a calf, she ends up flat on her face in the barnyard muck.

      1. (by extension, humorous) To manage or supervise (people).
         • 2010 October 3, Sean Gordon, “Gionta settles in, stands out”, in The Globe and Mail‎^[2], Toronto, Ont.: The Globe and Mail Inc., ISSN 0319-0714, OCLC 6155622, archived from the original on 15 June 2021:

           Wrangling a chaotic group of five-year-olds is unnerving enough without the added stress of a famous NHLer [Brian Gionta] in the room helping lace his son’s skates.

      2. (figuratively) To gather and organize (data, facts, information, etc.), especially in a way which requires sentience rather than automated methods alone, as in data wrangling.

         Synonym: munge

   5. (obsolete)
      1. Followed by out of: to compel or drive (someone または something) away through arguing.
         • 1692 (indicated as 1693), Cotton Mather, “Enchantments Encountred”, in The Wonders of the Invisible World. Observations as well Historical as Theological, upon the Nature, the Number, and the Operations of the Devils. […], Boston, Mass.: […] Benjamin Harris, OCLC 78789775:

           To VVrangle the Devil, out of the Country, vvill be truly a Nevv Experiment! Alas, vve are not Avvare of the Devil, if vve do not think, that he aims at Enflaming us one againſt another; & ſhall vve ſuffer our ſelves to be Devil-Ridden? or, by any Vnadviſableneſs, contribute unto the VVidening of our Breaches?

      2. Followed by out: to put forward arguments on (a case, a matter disagreed upon, etc.).
      3. (reflexive) To cause (oneself) grief through arguing or quarrelling.
         • 1649 April 20 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Robert Sanderson, “[Appendix, No. 5.] Letter I. Dr. Sanderson to N. N., Respecting the Relative Merits of the Presbyterians and the Independents”, in George D’Oyly, The Life of William Sancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury, […], volume II, London: John Murray, […], published 1821, OCLC 957691825, page 442:

           When we have wrangled ourselves as long as our wits and strengths will serve us, the honest, downright sober English Protestant will be found, in the end, the man in the safest way, and by the surest line: […]

2. (intransitive)
   1. (also figuratively) To quarrel angrily and noisily; to bicker.

      Synonyms: altercate, contend; see also Thesaurus:squabble

      • 1574, John Whitgift, “Of Matters Touching Baptism. Tract XVI. [Of the Parties that are to be Baptised. Chapter iv. The First Division.]”, in John Ayre, editor, The Works of John Whitgift, D.D. […] The Third Portion, Containing the Defence of the Answer to the Admonition, against the Reply of Thomas Cartwright: Tractates XI–XXIII. Sermons, Selected Letters, &c., Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] University Press, published 1853, OCLC 912909499, page 134:

        [A]fter his old manner, he wrangleth and quarrelleth.

      • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragœdy of Othello, the Moore of Venice. […] (First Quarto), London: […] N[icholas] O[kes] for Thomas Walkley, […], published 1622, OCLC 724111485, [Act III, scene iv], page 59:

        Mens natures vvrangle with inferior things, / Tho great ones are the obiect, […]

      • 1607, Terence, “Andria”, in R[ichard] B[ernard], transl., Terence in English. Fabulæ Comici Facetissimi et Elegantissimi Poetæ Terentii Omnes Anglicæ Factæ, […] [The Comic Tales of the Most Witty and Elegant Poet Terence, All Done in English, […]], 2nd edition, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Iohannis Legat, OCLC 822213169, Act IV, scene i, page 71:

        There vvas a contention of vvordes betvvixt you & your father erevvhile. Thou vvert at vvords, or vvrangledſt vvith him right novv.

      • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i], page 17, column 2:

        Yes, for a ſcore of Kingdomes, you ſhould vvrangle, / And I vvould call it, faire play.

      • 1619, Two Wise Men and All the Rest Fooles: Or A Comicall Morall, Censuring the Follies of this Age, […], [London: s.n.], OCLC 228714073, Act I, scene i, page 10:

        [H]ee cavelleth or vvrangleth not vvith any in this kind: therefore you are a lying fellovv.

      • [1633], George Herbert, “Humilitie”, in [Nicholas Ferrar], editor, The Temple: Sacred Poems, and Private Ejaculations, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck and Roger Daniel; and are to be sold by Francis Green, […], OCLC 1048966979; reprinted London: Elliot Stock, […], 1885, OCLC 54151361, page 62:

        Here it is / For vvhich ye vvrangle, […]

      • 1653, Iz[aak] Wa[lton], chapter XI, in The Compleat Angler or The Contemplative Man’s Recreation. Being a Discourse of Fish and Fishing, […], London: […] T. Maxey for Rich[ard] Marriot, […], OCLC 1097101645; reprinted as The Compleat Angler (Homo Ludens; 6), Nieuwkoop, South Holland, Netherlands: Miland Publishers, 1969, →ISBN:

        [T]here vve ſit, / for a bit, / till vve fiſh intangle. / […] / [W]e ſit ſtill, / vvatch our quill, / Fiſhers muſt not rangle.

      • 1716 May 15 (Gregorian calendar)​, Joseph Addison, “The Free-holder: No. 39. Friday, May 4. [1716.]”, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, Esq; […], volume IV, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], published 1721, OCLC 1056445272, pages 501–502:

        He did not knovv vvhat it vvas to vvrangle on indifferent points, to triumph in the ſuperiority of his underſtanding, or to be ſupercilious on the ſide of truth.

      • 1896, [Vyasa], chapter XXXI, in [anonymous], transl.; Manmatha Nath Dutt, editor, A Prose English Translation of Srimadbhagavatam, book I, Calcutta, West Bengal: […] H. C. Dass, […], OCLC 800901203, page 150:

        Then this person influenced by desire, on account of his ever-increasing anger and sense of self-importance, wrangleth with others in order to bring destruction down upon himself.

      • 1941, Emily Carr, “Salt Water”, in Klee Wyck, centennial edition, Toronto, Ont.; Vancouver, B.C.: Clarke, Irwin & Company, published 1971, →ISBN, page 83:

        I stood where land and sea wrangled ferociously over the overlap.

   2. To make harsh noises as if quarrelling.

      Synonym: jangle

   3. (generally, also figuratively) To argue, to debate; also (dated), to debate or discuss publicly, especially about a thesis at a university.
      • 1566, Iohn Martiall [i.e., John Marshall], “That the Apostles and Fathers of the Primitive Churche Blessed Them Selves, &c. The Fifth Article.”, in A Replie to M. Calfhills Blasphemous Answer Made against the Treatise of the Crosse, […], Louvain: […] Iohn Bogard […], OCLC 1203229060; reprinted as D[avid] M[cGregor] Rogers, editor, A Replie to M. Calfhills Blasphemous Answer 1566 (English Recusant Literature 1558–1640; 203), Ilkley, Yorkshire; London: The Scolar Press, 1974, →ISBN, folio 145, recto:

        Forſoothe, that vvhen he had concluded that vve muſt no liue by examples, but by lavves, he might make ſimple ſoules beleaue, that they ought not follovve the exãples of their holy forefathers, in bleſsing them ſelues, but to haue the name of the lavve in their mouthes and do nothing leſſe thã that the lavve biddeth them to doe. And to bring that to paſſe ſee hovve he vvrangleth.

      • 1628, Jos[eph] Hall, “The Newnesse of the Uniuersall Head-ship of the Bishop of Rome”, in The Olde Religion: A Treatise, wherin is Laid Downe the True State of the Difference betwixt the Reformed, and Romane Church; […], London: […] W[illiam] S[tansby] for Nathaniell Butter and Richard Hawkings, OCLC 54171079, section I, page 174:

        But [Severin] Binius vvrangleth here; Can vve blame him vvhen the free-hold of their Great Miſtreſſe is ſo neerely touched?

      • 1657, John Bunyan, “ A Vindication of Gospel Truths Opened, According to the Scriptures; […]”, in Henry Stebbing, editor, The Entire Works of John Bunyan, […], volume I, London: James S[prent] Virtue, […], published 1863, OCLC 752741467, page 101, column 2:

        At this thou also wranglest, because I said that "every spirit that confesseth not that Jesus Christ, who was with the Father before the world was, did in the appointed time of the Father come into the world, take a body upon him, and was very man as well as very God; and did in that very body suffer what did belong to the sons of men," &c.

      • 1830 June​, Alfred Tennyson, “Madeline”, in Poems. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon, […], published 1842, OCLC 1008064829, stanza 3, page 19:

        But when I turn away, / Thou, willing me to stay, / Wooest not, nor vainly wranglest; / But, looking fixedly the while, / All my bounding heart entanglest, / In a golden-netted smile; […]

Conjugation

派生語

• data wrangling
• wrangled (adjective)
• wrangler
• wranglership
• wrangling (adjective, noun)

名詞

wrangle (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 wrangles)

1. (countable) An angry dispute; a noisy quarrel; an altercation.
   • January 31 2020, Boris Johnson, Brexit Day speech:

     For many people this is an astonishing moment of hope, a moment they thought would never come. And there are many of course who feel a sense of anxiety and loss. And then of course there is a third group — perhaps the biggest — who had started to worry that the whole political wrangle would never come to an end.

2. (uncountable) Angry disputation; noisy quarrelling.

   Wrangle and bloodshed followed thence.

3. (obsolete, countable)
   1. A contentious argument or response.
   2. A controversy.

派生語

• wranglesome

参照