LOCKとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

A key lock. (a device requiring a key または a combination to be opened)

A lock (canal segment).

From Middle English lok, from 古期英語 loc, from Proto-West Germanic *lok, from Proto-Germanic *luką. The verb is from Middle English locken, lokken, louken, from 古期英語 lūcan, Proto-West Germanic *lūkan, from Proto-Germanic *lūkaną. Doublet of luxe.

名詞

lock (複数形 locks)

1. Something used for fastening, which can only be opened with a key or combination.
   • 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island

     "Give me the key," said my mother; and though the lock was very stiff, she had turned it and thrown back the lid in a twinkling.

   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 13, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     We tiptoed into the house, up the stairs and along the hall into the room where the Professor had been spending so much of his time. 'Twas locked, of course, but the Deacon man got a big bunch of keys out of his pocket and commenced to putter with the lock.

2. (computing, by extension) A mutex or other token restricting access to a resource.
   • 2005, Karl Kopper, The Linux Enterprise Cluster:

     […] the application must first acquire a lock on a file or a portion of a file before reading data and modifying it.

3. A segment of a canal or other waterway enclosed by gates, used for raising and lowering boats between levels.
   • 1846, William Makepeace Thackeray, Notes of a Journey from Cornhill to Grand Cairo

     Here the canal came to a check, ending abruptly with a large lock.

4. (firearms) The firing mechanism.
   • 1837, Charles Dickens, The Pickwick Papers

     "I never saw such a gun in my life," replied poor Winkle, looking at the lock, as if that would do any good.

5. Complete control over a situation.
   • 2003, Charley Rosen, The Wizard of Odds

     Even though he had not yet done so, Jack felt he had a lock on the game.

6. Something sure to be a success.
   • 2004, Avery Corman, A perfect divorce

     Brian thinks she's a lock to get a scholarship somewhere.

7. (rugby) A player in the scrum behind the front row, usually the tallest members of the team.
   • 2011 September 24, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 67-3 Romania”, in BBC Sport:

     Ashton only had to wait three minutes for his second try, lock Louis Deacon setting it up with a rollocking line-break, before Romania got on the scoreboard courtesy of a penalty from fly-half Marin Danut Dumbrava.

8. A fastening together or interlacing; a closing of one thing upon another; a state of being fixed or immovable.
   • 1834, Thomas de Quincey, Samuel Taylor Coleridge (first published in Tait's Edinburgh Magazine)

     Albemarle Street closed by a lock of carriages

9. A place from which egress is prevented, as by a lock.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Dryden to this entry?)

10. A device for keeping a wheel from turning.
11. A grapple in wrestling.
    • [1644], [John Milton], Of Education. To Master Samuel Hartlib, [London: Printed for Thomas Underhill and/or for Thomas Johnson], OCLC 946735316:

      They must be also practis'd in all the Locks and Gripes of Wrestling

下位語

派生語

関連する語

• lock time
• lock, stock and barrel

派生した語

• Tok Pisin: lok
• → Hawaiian: laka

動詞

lock (third-person singular simple present locks, present participle locking, simple past locked, past participle locked or (廃れた用法) locken)

1. (intransitive) To become fastened in place.

   If you put the brakes on too hard, the wheels will lock.

   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 13, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     We tiptoed into the house, up the stairs and along the hall into the room where the Professor had been spending so much of his time. 'Twas locked, of course, but the Deacon man got a big bunch of keys out of his pocket and commenced to putter with the lock.

2. (transitive) To fasten with a lock.

   Remember to lock the door when you leave.

3. (intransitive) To be capable of becoming fastened in place.

   This door locks with a key.

4. (transitive) To intertwine or dovetail.

   with his hands locked behind his back

   We locked arms and stepped out into the night.

5. (intransitive, break dancing) To freeze one's body or a part thereof in place.

   a pop and lock routine

6. To furnish (a canal) with locks.
7. To raise or lower (a boat) in a lock.
8. To seize (e.g. the sword arm of an antagonist) by turning the left arm around it, to disarm him.
9. (Internet, transitive) To modify (a thread) so that users cannot make new posts in it.
10. (Internet, transitive, Wiktionary かつ WMF jargon) To prevent a page from being edited by other users.

    Frequently vandalized pages are generally locked to prevent further damage.

反意語

• (to fasten with a lock; to be capable of becoming fastened in place): unlock

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English lok, lokke, from 古期英語 locc, from Proto-Germanic *lukkaz, from Proto-Indo-European *lugnó-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend”).

Cognate with Old Norse lokkr (whence Danish lok), German Locke. It has been theorised that the word may be related to the Gothic verb *���������� (*lukan, “to shut”) in its ancient meaning "to curb".

名詞

lock (複数形 locks)

2. A tuft or length of hair, wool etc.
   • c. 1596–1598, William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene i], page 164:

     Baſſ. […] Nor is the wide world ignorant of her worth, / For the foure windes blow in from euery coaſt / Renowned ſutors, and her ſunny locks / Hang on her temples like a golden fleece, / Which makes her ſeat of Belmont Cholchos ſtrond, / And many Iaſons come in queſt of her.

   • 1847 December, Ellis Bell [pseudonym; Emily Brontë], Wuthering Heights, volume (please specify |volume=I または II), London: Thomas Cautley Newby […], OCLC 156123328:

     If I consent to burn them, will you promise faithfully neither to send nor receive a letter again, nor a book (for I perceive you have sent him books), nor locks of hair, nor rings, nor playthings?

3. A small quantity of straw etc.
4. (Scotland, law, historical) A quantity of meal, the perquisite of a mill-servant.

派生語

アナグラム

• KLOC, Kloc