dullとは

語源

From Middle English dull, dul (also dyll, dill, dwal), from 古期英語 dol (“dull, foolish, erring, heretical; foolish, silly; presumptuous”), from Proto-Germanic *dulaz, a variant of *dwalaz (“stunned, mad, foolish, misled”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwel-, *dʰewel- (“to dim, dull, cloud, make obscure, swirl, whirl”). Cognate with Scots dull, doll (“slow to understand または hear, deaf, dull”), North Frisian dol (“rash, unthinking, giddy, flippant”), Dutch dol (“crazy, mad, insane”), Low German dul, dol (“mad, silly, stupid, fatuous”), German toll (“crazy, mad, wild, fantastic”), Danish dval (“foolish, absurd”), Icelandic dulur (“secretive, silent”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /dʌl/
• 韻: -ʌl

形容詞

dull (comparative duller, superlative dullest)

1. Lacking the ability to cut easily; not sharp.

   All these knives are dull.

2. Boring; not exciting or interesting.

   He sat through the dull lecture and barely stayed awake.

   When does having a dull personality ever get you a girlfriend? Even if you get one, how does being dull help you keep a relationship for over a year?

3. Not shiny; having a matte finish or no particular luster or brightness.

   Choose a dull finish to hide fingerprints.

   a dull fire or lamp;  a dull red or yellow;  a dull mirror

   • (Can we date this quote?) Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

     As turning the logs will make a dull fire burn, so changes of study a dull brain.

   • 1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter I, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, OCLC 7780546; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., 55 Fifth Avenue, [1933], OCLC 2666860, page 0016:

     A great bargain also had been the excellent Axminster carpet which covered the floor; as, again, the arm-chair in which Bunting now sat forward, staring into the dull, small fire.

4. Not bright or intelligent; stupid; slow of understanding.
   • (Can we date this quote?) William Shakespeare

     She is not bred so dull but she can learn.

   • (Can we date this quote?) William Makepeace Thackeray

     dull at classical learning

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 15, in The China Governess‎^[1]:

     She paused and took a defiant breath. ‘If you don't believe me, I can't help it. But I'm not a liar.’ ¶ ‘No,’ said Luke, grinning at her. ‘You're not dull enough! […] What about the kid's clothes? I don't suppose they were anything to write home about, but didn't you keep anything? A bootee or a bit of embroidery or anything at all?’

5. Sluggish, listless.
   • Bible, Matthew xiii. 15

     This people's heart is waxed gross, and their ears are dull of hearing.

   • (Can we date this quote?) Edmund Spenser

     O, help my weak wit and sharpen my dull tongue.

   • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 7, in The Mirror and the Lamp:

     […] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.

6. Cloudy, overcast.

   It's a dull day.

7. Insensible; unfeeling.
   • (Can we date this quote?) Beaumont and Fletcher

     Think me not / So dull a devil to forget the loss / Of such a matchless wife.

8. Heavy; lifeless; inert.
   • (Can we date this quote?) William Shakespeare

     the dull earth

   • (Can we date this quote?) Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

     As turning the logs will make a dull fire burn, so changes of study a dull brain.

9. (of pain etc) Not intense; felt indistinctly or only slightly.

   Pressing on the bruise produces a dull pain.

10. (of a noise または sound) Not clear, muffled.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:boring
• See also Thesaurus:stupid
• (not shiny): lackluster, matte

反意語

• bright
• intelligent
• sharp

動詞

dull (三人称単数 現在形 dulls, 現在分詞 dulling, 過去形および過去分詞形 dulled)

1. (transitive) To render dull; to remove or blunt an edge or something that was sharp.

   Years of misuse have dulled the tools.

   • (Can we date this quote?) Francis Bacon

     This […] dulled their swords.

2. (transitive) To soften, moderate or blunt; to make dull, stupid, or sluggish; to stupefy.

   He drinks to dull the pain.

   • (Can we date this quote?) Shakespeare

     Those [drugs] she has / Will stupefy and dull the sense a while.

   • (Can we date this quote?) Trench

     Use and custom have so dulled our eyes.

3. (intransitive) To lose a sharp edge; to become dull.

   A razor will dull with use.

4. To render dim or obscure; to sully; to tarnish.
   • (Can we date this quote?) Francis Bacon

     dulls the mirror

同意語

• dullen

参照

• dull in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• dull in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

アナグラム

• ULDL