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Wiktionary英語版での「emboss」の意味 |
emboss
発音
語源 1
PIE word |
---|
*h₁én |
The verb is derived from Late Middle English embossen, embosen, embocen (“to be bloated; to bulge; to cause to bulge; to ornament in relief, emboss”) [and other forms],[1] from Old French embocer (modern French embosser),[2] from em- (a variant of en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’)) + boce (“swelling”)[3] (from Vulgar Latin *bottia (“a bump”), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *bautan (“to beat”), from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to beat; to bump, knock; to push”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to hit, strike”)) + -er (suffix forming verbs). The English word is analysable as em- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’) + boss (“bump, lump, protuberance”).
The noun is derived from the verb.[4]
動詞
emboss (三人称単数 現在形 embosses, 現在分詞 embossing, 過去形および過去分詞形 embossed) (transitive)
- To cause (something) to stick out or swell; to extrude; also, to cause (someone または something) to be covered in swellings.
- 1608, [Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas], “[Du Bartas His First VVeek, or Birth of the VVorld: […].] The Third Daie of the First VVeek.”, in Josuah Sylvester, transl., Du Bartas His Deuine Weekes and Workes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Humfrey Lownes [and are to be sold by Arthur Iohnson […]], published 1611, →OCLC, page 73:
- To make (a design on a coin, an ornament on an object, etc.) stand out from a surface.
- 1612, Michael Drayton, “The Fift Song”, in [John Selden], editor, Poly-Olbion. Or A Chorographicall Description of Tracts, Riuers, Mountaines, Forests, and Other Parts of this Renowned Isle of Great Britaine, […], London: […] H[umphrey] L[ownes] for Mathew Lownes; I. Browne; I. Helme; I. Busbie, published 1613, →OCLC, page 75:
- 1676 January, [Robert] Boyle, “Experiments about the Superficial Figures of Fluids, especially Liquors Contiguous to Other Liquors, and Their Reflective Powers”, in John Lowthorp, Henry Jones, editors, The Philosophical Transactions and Collections, to the End of the Year 1720. Abridged, and Disposed under General Heads. […], 4th edition, London: […] J. and J. Knapton, […], published 1732, →OCLC, paragraph 22, page 535:
- This may alſo be obſerv'd in the beſt ſort of vvhat the Chymiſts call Regulus Martis Stellatus, vvhere the Figure of a Star, or a Figure ſomevvhat like that of the Decoction of the Soot lately mentioned, vvill frequently appear imboſt upon the upper Superficies of the Regulus; and ſuch a raiſed Figure I have ſeen on a Maſs of Regulus made of Antimony vvithout Mars.
- 1820, Walter Scott, chapter VIII, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC, pages 146–147:
- [T]he profusion of her sable tresses, which, each arranged in its own spiral of twisted curls, fell down upon as much of a snow-white neck and bosom as a simarre of the richest Persian silk, exhibiting flowers in their natural colours embossed upon a purple ground, permitted to be visible—all these constituted a combination of loveliness, which yielded not to the loveliest of the maidens who surrounded her.
- 1858 June 17 (date written), Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Florence—Continued”, in Passages from the French and Italian Note-books of Nathaniel Hawthorne, volume II, London: Strahan & Co., […], published 1871, →OCLC, pages 44–45:
- I was most struck with a picture, by Fabriana Gentile [i.e., Gentile da Fabriano], of the Adoration of the Magi, […] all the magnificence of the three kings, are represented with the vividness of the real thing: a gold sword hilt, for instance, or a pair of gold spurs, being actually embossed on the picture.
- To represent (a subject) on an object in relief; also, of a design or subject: to stand out on (an object) in relief.
- 1608, [Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas], “[Du Bartas His Second VVeeke, […].Adam. […].] The Handi-crafts. The IIII. Part of the I. Day of the II. Week.”, in Josuah Sylvester, transl., Du Bartas His Deuine Weekes and Workes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Humfrey Lownes [and are to be sold by Arthur Iohnson […]], published 1611, →OCLC, page 279:
- 1838, William H[ickling] Prescott, “Review of the Political and Intellectual Condition of the Spanish Arabs previous to the War of Granada”, in History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic. […], volume I, Boston, Mass.: American Stationers’ Company; John B. Russell, →OCLC, 1st part (1406–1492), page 279:
- Most of its [the Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba's] ancient glories have indeed long since departed. The rich bronze which embossed its gates, the myriads of lamps which illuminated its aisles, have disappeared; […]
- To decorate or mark (something) with a design or symbol in relief.
- 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book XXXVII.] Of the Rich Precious Stones of Polycrates the Tyrant, and King Pyrrhus. The First Lappidaries or Cutters in Precious Stones. And who was the First that had a Case of Rings and Gems in Rome.”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], 2nd tome, London: […] Adam Islip, published 1635, →OCLC, page 602:
- 1851, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XX, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume IV, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC, page 490:
- Oldfashioned merchants complained bitterly that a class of men who, thirty years before, had confined themselves to their proper functions, and had made a fair profit by embossing silver bowls and chargers, by setting jewels for fine ladies, and by selling pistoles and dollars to gentlemen setting out for the Continent, had become the treasurers, and were fast becoming the masters, of the whole City.
- To decorate (something) with bosses (“ornamental convex protuberances”); to boss; hence, to decorate (something) richly.
- (figurative)
- To cause (something) to be prominent or stand out.
- 1797, Edmund Burke, “Letter III.”, in A Third Letter to a Member of the Present Parliament, on the Proposals for Peace with the Regicide Directory of France, London: […] F[rancis] and C[harles] Rivington, […]; sold also by J[ohn] Hatchard, […], →OCLC, page 21:
- [T]he triumph of general fraternity vvas but the most ſignalized by the total vvant of particular claims in that caſe; and by poſtponing all ſuch claims, in a caſe vvhere they really exiſted, vvhere they ſtood emboſſed, and in a manner forced themſelves on the vievv of common ſhort-ſighted benevolence.
- (obsolete) To make (speech, etc.) unduly bombastic or grand.
- 1587 January, Raphael Holinshed, The Third Volume of Chronicles, Beginning at Duke William the Norman, Commonlie Called the Conqueror; […], 2nd edition, volume III, London: […] [Henry Denham] […] at the expenses of Iohn Harison, George Bishop, Rafe Newberie, Henrie Denham, and Thomas Woodcocke, →OCLC, page 94, column 2:
- To cause (something) to be prominent or stand out.
別の表記
派生語
名詞
- (obsolete, rare) Synonym of boss (“a knob または projection”)
- 1644 November 27 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 17 November 1644]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 107–108:
- In this [the piazza of St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City] is a fountaine out of which gushes a river rather than a streeme, which ascending a good height breakes upon a round embosse of marble into millions of pearles that fall into the subjacent basons with greate noise; I esteem this one of the goodliest fountaines I ever saw.
語源 2
From Middle English embosen, embose, enbose (“of game: to become exhausted from hunting”),[5] possibly from em- (a variant of en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’))[6] + Old French bos, bois (“woodland, woods”) (modern French bois)[7] (from Late Latin boscus, Medieval Latin boscus (“woodlands, woods”), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *busk (“bush, thicket”), from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush, thicket”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to appear; to be; to become; to grow”)). Doublet of imbosk (“to conceal or hide (not necessarily in a forest または wood)”).
Sense 2 (“to make (a hunted animal) foam at the mouth”) is probably influenced by emboss (“to decorate (something) with bosses”; etymology 1, sense 5), likening the flecks of foam to decorative bosses.[7]
動詞
emboss (三人称単数 現在形 embosses, 現在分詞 embossing, 過去形および過去分詞形 embossed)
- (intransitive, obsolete) Of a hunted animal: to take shelter in a forest or wood.
- (by extension, transitive, chiefly passive voice, obsolete) To drive (a hunted animal) to exhaustion by chasing it; to exhaust; hence, to make (a hunted animal) foam at the mouth due to exhaustion from being chased.
- 1615, G[ervase] M[arkham], “[The Hvsbandmans Recreations: […]] Of Hunting, and of All the Particular Knowledges Belonging therunto”, in Covntrey Contentments, in Two Bookes: The First, Containing the Whole Art of Riding Great Horses in Very Short Time, […] The Second Intituled, The English Husvvife: […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for R[oger] Iackson, […], →OCLC, 1st section ([Of Hunting]), page 31:
- (by extension from sense 2)
- (transitive, archaic) To cause (an animal's body, a person's mouth, etc.) to be covered with foam.
- 1531, Thomas Elyot, “Of Moderation a Spice of Temperance”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 261:
- I suppose (except I be moche deceiued) thou seest me nat stare with myn eyen, or my mouthe imbosed, or the colour of my face chaunged, or any other deformitie in my persone or gesture, or that my wordes be swyfte, or my voyce louder than modestie requyreth, or that I am unstable in my gesture or motion, whiche be the sygnes and euident tokens of wrathe and impacience.
- (transitive, obsolete) To cause (someone, their heart または soul, etc.) to become extremely fatigued; to exhaust.
- (intransitive, obsolete) Of a person: to foam at the mouth; also (figurative), to be furious, to rage.
- (transitive, archaic) To cause (an animal's body, a person's mouth, etc.) to be covered with foam.
別の表記
語源 3
- from em- (a variant of en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’)) + boss (“(small) cask; leather bottle for holding wine”) (Scotland, 廃れた用法);[9] or
- borrowed from Spanish embozarse, from embozar (“to cloak, hide; to turn up; to wrap up”) + se (“oneself; yourself; himself; herself; etc.”). Embozar is derived from em- (a variant of en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’)) + bozo (“mouth; muzzle; halter for horses”) (from Medieval Latin *buccēus (“belonging または relating to the mouth”), from Latin bucca (“mouth”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Germanic *pukô (“bag, pouch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew-, *bʰew- (“to blow; to inflate, swell”)) + -ar (suffix forming first-conjugation verbs).
The word was possibly coined by the English poet Edmund Spenser (1552 または 1553 – 1599) in his work The Faerie Queene (1590–1596):[8] see the quotations.
動詞
emboss (三人称単数 現在形 embosses, 現在分詞 embossing, 過去形および過去分詞形 embossed) (transitive, obsolete)
- To enclose or suit (a person) in armour.
- (figurative) To enclose or surround (someone または something).
- 1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Loue of Learning, or Overmuch Study. With a Digression of the Misery of Schollers, and why the Muses are Melancholy.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 2, member 3, subsection 15, page 155:
参照
- ^ “embō̆cen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “emboss, v.1”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ “emboss, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “† emboss, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, September 2023.
- ^ “embōsen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “em-, pref.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 “emboss, v.2”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 “emboss, v.3”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, September 2023.
- ^ “† boss, n.3”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
Further reading
- embossing (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.
アナグラム
- besoms
ウィキペディア英語版での「emboss」の意味 |
EMBOSS
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/05/30 14:14 UTC 版)
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emboss
to distort the meaning of something
ぺたぺたする
to disturb something
ふっくらする
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1あぁ^ いいっすね^
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2あ なるほど
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3ああ そういう意味か
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4ァッハイ
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5彼 二日酔い 運転
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6ああ、いや
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7あ、そうか
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8present
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9while
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10provide
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