reliefとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Old French relief (“assistance”), from Old French relever (“to relieve”), from Latin relevare (“to raise up, make light”). See also relieve.

名詞

relief (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 reliefs)

1. The removal of stress or discomfort.

   I sighed with relief when I found out that my daughter hadn't got lost, but was waiting for me at home.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:

     Although the Celebrity was almost impervious to sarcasm, he was now beginning to exhibit visible signs of uneasiness, […] . It was with a palpable relief that he heard the first warning notes of the figure.

2. The feeling associated with the removal of stress or discomfort.
   • 1907, Harold Bindloss, chapter 20, in The Dust of Conflict‎^[1]:

     Tony's face expressed relief, and Nettie sat silent for a moment until the vicar said “It was a generous impulse, but it may have been a momentary one, […] .”

   • 2020 April 8, Philip Haigh, “Out of the current crisis we could see meaningful changes”, in Rail, page 56:

     DfT's action was greeted with great relief in many quarters.

3. Release from a post or duty, as when replaced by another.
4. The person who takes over a shift for another.

   Officer Schmidt can finally go home because his relief has arrived.

   • 1963 February, “Motive Power Miscellany: London Midland Region”, in Modern Railways, page 136:

     At Leeds a relief crew was waiting—but without a relief locomotive; after some discussion, the new men offered to take on the A3. [...].

5. Aid or assistance offered in time of need.
6. (law) Court-ordered compensation, aid, or protection, a redress.
7. A lowering of a tax through special provisions; tax relief.
8. A certain fine or composition paid by the heir of a tenant upon the death of the ancestor.

同意語

• (removal of stress かつ discomfort): ease, alleviation, liss, respite
• (feeling of removal of stress かつ discomfort): ease, alleviation, liss
• (person who takes over a shift): stand-in, substitute, backup, fill-in

派生語

語源 2

From Italian rilevare (“to raise”), from Latin relevare (“to raise”).

名詞

relief (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 reliefs)

The relief of Diana at the Amalienburg, in Munich (Germany) (sense 1)

Relief with two putti and with a cartouche, above a door from Paris (sense 1)

1. A type of sculpture or other artwork in which shapes or figures protrude from a flat background.
2. The apparent difference in elevation in the surface of a painting or drawing made noticeable by a variation in light or color.
3. The difference of elevations on a surface.

   the relief on that part of the Earth's surface

4. (heraldry) The supposed projection of a charge from the surface of a field, indicated by shading on the sinister and lower sides.

同意語

• (type of artwork): embossing
• (difference of elevations on a surface): texture, topography

派生語

• relief map

形容詞

relief (comparative more relief, superlative most relief)

1. (of a surface) Characterized by surface inequalities.
2. Of or used in letterpress.

アナグラム

• Leifer, e-filer, liefer, refile, relfie, relife