action.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈæk.ʃən/
• 韻: -ækʃən
• ハイフネーション: ac‧tion

名詞

action (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 actions)

1. The effort of performing or doing something.
2. Something done, often so as to accomplish a purpose.

   Coordinate terms: (what verbs can express) occurrence, state of being

3. A way of motion or functioning.

   Knead bread with a rocking action.

4. Fast-paced activity.

   a movie full of exciting action

5. The way in which a mechanical device acts when used; especially a firearm.

   pressing a piano key causes the action of the hammer on the string

   1. (firearms) The way in which cartridges are loaded, locked, and extracted from the mechanism.

      pump action shotgun

6. (music) The mechanism, that is the set of moving mechanical parts, of a keyboard instrument, like a piano, which transfers the motion of the key to the sound-making device.^[1]
7. (music, lutherie) The distance separating the strings and the fretboard on a guitar or other string instrument.
8. (slang, typically with a quantifier) Sexual intercourse.

   She gave him some action.

   I hope to get a bit of action with the hot guy from the club.

9. (military) Combat.

   He saw some action in the Korean War.

10. (law) A charge or other process in a law court (also called lawsuit かつ actio).
11. (mathematics) A mapping from a pairing of mathematical objects to one of them, respecting their individual structures. The pairing is typically a Cartesian product or a tensor product. The object that is not part of the output is said to act on the other object. In any given context, action is used as an abbreviation for a more fully named notion, like group action or left group action.
13. (physics) The product of energy and time, especially the product of the Lagrangian and time.
14. (literature) The event or connected series of events, either real or imaginary, forming the subject of a play, poem, or other composition; the unfolding of the drama of events.
15. (art, painting かつ sculpture) The attitude or position of the several parts of the body as expressive of the sentiment or passion depicted.
16. (bowling) spin put on the bowling ball.
17. (obsolete) A share in the capital stock of a joint-stock company, or in the public funds.
    • 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:

      So saying he presented him with two actions of above two thousand livres each.

    • 1790 November, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, and on the Proceedings in Certain Societies in London Relative to that Event. […], London: […] J[ames] Dodsley, […], →OCLC:

      the Euripus of funds and actions

18. (Christianity) A religious performance or solemn function, i.e. action sermon, a sacramental sermon in the Scots Presbyterian Church.
    • 2008, Duncan B. Forrester, Doug Gay, Worship and Liturgy in Context, scm Press, page 88:

      The Action Sermon is quite simply, then, the eucharistic sermon.

19. (sciences) a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings).

同意語

• (something done): deed; see also Thesaurus:action

下位語

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

• → Bulgarian: екшън (ekšǎn)
• → German: Action
• → Irish: aicsean
• → Japanese: アクション (akushon)
• → Korean: 액션 (aeksyeon)
• → Russian: экшн (ekšn)

参考

• deed
• Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take

参照

• action on Wikipedia.

間投詞

action!

1. Demanding or signifying the start of something, usually a performance.

   Antonym: cut

   The director yelled ‘Action!’ after the cameras started rolling.

形容詞

action (comparative more action, superlative most action)

1. (Manglish) arrogant

動詞

action (三人称単数 現在形 actions, 現在分詞 actioning, 過去形および過去分詞形 actioned)

1. (transitive, management) To act on a request etc, in order to put it into effect.
   • 2004, Ros Jay, Richard Templar, “Fast thinking: project”, in Fast Thinking Manager's Manual‎^[1], 2nd edition, Pearson Education, →ISBN, Fast Thinking Leader, page 276:

     ‘Here, give me the minutes of Monday’s meeting. I’ll action your points for you while you get on and sort out the open day.’

   • 2005, Fritz Liebreich, “The physical confrontation: interception and diversion policies in theory and practice”, in Britain's Navel and Political Reaction to the Illegal Immigration of Jews to Palestine, 1945-1948‎^[2], Routledge, →ISBN, page 196:

     Violent reactions from the Jewish authorities were expected and difficulties of actioning the new guidelines were foreseen.

   • 2007, Great Britain: Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman, “Case study: 11257”, in Tax Credits: Getting it wrong? 5th report session 2006-2007‎^[3], The Stationery Office, →ISBN, Chapter 2: Changes and developments since June 2005, page 26:

     HMRC said that one reason they had not actioned her appeal was because she had said in her appeal form ‘I am appealing against the overpayment for childcare for 2003-04, 2004-05’, thus implying she was disputing her ‘overpayment’.

2. (transitive, chiefly archaic) To initiate a legal action against someone.
   • 1856, Thomas Chandler Haliburton, The Attaché: or Sam Slick in England‎^[4], new revised edition, Stringer & Townsend, Chapter XLVII: The Horse Stealer; or All Trades Have Tricks But Our Own, page 270:

     ‘I have no business to settle with you—arrest me, Sir, at your peril and I’ll action you in law for false imprisonment.’

   • 1844, Robert Mackenzie Daniel, The Grave Digger: A novel by the author of The Scottish Heiress‎^[5], volume I, T. C. Newby, Chapter IX: How the Grave-differ entertained a lady, pages 189–190:

     “Scrip threatened me at first with an action for slander—he spoke of actions to the wrong man though—action! no, no no. I should have actioned him—ha! ha! [...]”

   • 1871, Michael Shermer, quoting Alfred Russell Wallace, In Darwin’s shadow: The Life and Science of Alfred Russell Wallace‎^[6], Oxford University Press US, published 2002, →ISBN, Chapter 10. Heretic Personality, page 261:

     I have actioned him for Libel, but he won’t plead, and says he will make himself bankrupt & won’t pay a penny.

   • 1996, Darryl Mark Ogier, “Discipline: Enforcement”, in Reformation and Society in Guernsey‎^[7], Boydell & Brewer, →ISBN, Part Two: The Calvinist Regime, page 148:

     In 1589 the Court went so far as to effect a reconciliation between Michel le Petevin and his wife after she actioned him for ill treatment and adultery with their chambermaid.

使用する際の注意点

• The verb sense action is rejected by some usage authorities.^[2]

参照

• OED 2nd edition 1989
• Notes:

Further reading

• “action”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “action”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Catino, actino-, atonic, cation, cation-π