baffleとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Origin uncertain. Perhaps related to French bafouer (“to scorn”) or obsolete French befer (“to mock”),^[1] via Scots bauchle (“to disgrace”).^[2]

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈbæfl̩/
• ハイフネーション: baf‧fle
• 韻: -æfəl

動詞

baffle (三人称単数 現在形 baffles, 現在分詞 baffling, 過去形および過去分詞形 baffled)

1. To bewilder completely; to confuse or perplex. [from 17th c.]

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:confuse

   I am baffled by the contradictions and omissions in the instructions.

   • 1843, William H[ickling] Prescott, History of the Conquest of Mexico, […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), New York, N.Y.: Harper and Brothers, […], OCLC 645131689:

     computations, so difficult as to have baffled, till a comparatively recent period, the most enlightened nations

   • a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, OCLC 6963663:

     Every abstruse problem, every intricate question will not baffle, discourage or break it [the mind]

2. (intransitive) To struggle in vain. [from 19th c.]

   A ship baffles with the winds.

3. (now rare) To foil; to thwart. [from 17th c.]
   • 1798, William Cowper, On the Receipt of My Mother's Picture

     the art that baffles time's tyrannic claim

   • 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), 6th edition, London: […] J[ames] Bettenham, for Jonah Bowyer, […], published 1727, OCLC 21766567:

     a suitable scripture ready to repel and baffle them all

   • 1915, Edward Plunkett, Lord Dunsany, Fifty-One Tales

     So they had to search the world again for a sphinx. And still there was none. But they were not men that it is easy to baffle, and at last they found a sphinx in a desert at evening watching a ruined temple whose gods she had eaten hundreds of years ago when her hunger was on her.

4. (obsolete) To publicly disgrace, especially of a recreant knight. [16th–17th c.]
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book 6, canto 7:

     He by the heeles him hung upon a tree, / And baffuld so, that all which passed by / The picture of his punishment might see […].

5. (obsolete) To hoodwink or deceive (someone). [16th–18th c.]
   • a. 1677, Isaac Barrow, The Duty of Prayer (sermon):

     pretences to baffle with his goodness

派生語

• bafflegab
• bafflement
• baffound

Collocations

(bewilder):

• to be baffled as to why/how (something happened)

名詞

baffle (複数形 baffles)

1. A device used to dampen the effects of such things as sound, light, or fluid. Specifically, a baffle is a surface which is placed inside an open area to inhibit direct motion from one part to another, without preventing motion altogether.

   sound baffle

   Tanker trucks use baffles to keep the liquids inside from sloshing around.

2. An architectural feature designed to confuse enemies or make them vulnerable.
3. (US, dialect, coal mining) A lever for operating the throttle valve of a winding engine.

派生した語

• → French: baffle
• → Spanish: bafle

参照

Further reading

• “baffle”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.