英和和英

発音

• (stressed form) IPA: /fɔː(ɹ)/
• (unstressed form) IPA: /fə(ɹ)/

接頭辞

for-

1. (no longer productive) Forth: prefixed to verbs to indicate a direction of 'away', 'off', 'forth'.

   forsteal is to steal away, forloppin is being a runaway, forban is to exile, fordrive is to drive away, fortake is to take away, forthrow is to throw off, forshake is to shake off, forhow is to cast off

2. (no longer productive) Exhausting: prefixed to verbs with the sense of wearing or exhausting oneself.

   forsing is to sing to exhaustion, forwander is to wander until weary, fortravel is to tire by travelling

3. (no longer productive) Destructively: prefixed to verbs with the sense of destruction or pain.

   forhang is to hang to death, forthink is to cause distress or regret to, fordo is to kill

4. (no longer productive) Wrongly: prefixed to verbs with the sense of wrongly, amorally.

   forteach is to misteach, forswear is to commit perjury, forworship is to worship wrongly, forlead is to mislead, forlive is to live pervertedly

5. (no longer productive) Neglectfully: prefixed to verbs with the sense of abstaining from or neglecting.

   forslip is to allow someone or something to escape by letting them slip by; forslug is to lose, neglect, or destroy by sluggishness; forslack is to lose or spoil by slackness

6. (no longer productive) Very: intensifying adjectives.

   forblack is extremely black, forswollen is excessively swollen

7. (no longer productive) Making: prefixed to verbs to indicate the subject takes the character of the verb.

   fordote is to make foolish or doting, forguilt is to bring into a state of guilt

8. (no longer productive) Excessively: prefixed to verbs with the sense of doing so in excessive or overwhelm.

   forwax is to grow to excess, forgrow is to grow to excess, forhare is to affright or harry exceedingly

9. (no longer productive) Excluding: prefixed to verbs to give the sense of prohibition or exclusion.

   forjudge is to exclude by a judgment, forshut is to shut off or out, forbar is to exclude

10. (no longer productive) Intensively

    forbeat is to beat, fordread is to be in dread of, forlay is to lie in wait for

11. (no longer productive) Thoroughly: prefixed to verbs with the sense of thoroughly, all over.

    forgrow is to become grown over or become covered with growth, forbathe is to bathe abundantly or thoroughly, forseek is to seek thoroughly, forwrap is to wrap up

派生語

参照

“for-”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

語源 2

From 古期英語 for-, which is identical with the preposition "for". In "古期英語 and 中期英語 it occurs frequently as a variant of fore- prefix, with the senses ‘before’, ‘in front’, ‘on behalf of’, etc.; cf. 古期英語 for-, forecuman to come before, 中期英語 forganger and foreganger n."

接頭辞

for-

1. Alternative form of fore-.

   forstand is to stand in front of so as to bar the way, fordede is a deed done for another, forlead is alternative form of forelead (“lead forward, lead before”)

語源 3

"Occurring only in words adopted from French, as forcatch v., forfeit n., forprise n., represents Old French for-, fors-, identical with fors adv. (modern French hors) outside, out."

別の表記

• fore-

接頭辞

for-

1. (rare) Outside, out.

   foreclose is to shut out, forprise is an exception or reservation, forfeit is that which is taken from somebody in requital of a misdeed committed

参照

参考

• fore-

アナグラム

• 'fro, ORF, fro, orf

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *fra-.

発音

• IPA: /for/

接頭辞

for-

1. wrongly, away from, astray, abstention, prohibition, perversion, destruction (verbal prefix)

   forwyrċan ― to do wrong, sin

   forstandan ― to defend, protect, stand for

   forweorpan ― to throw away, cast away, reject

   forstelan ― to steal away, deprive

   fordēman ― to condemn

   forlǣdan ― to mislead; seduce

2. used to create intensified adjectives and verbs from other adjectives and verbs, with the sense of completely or fully; compare Modern English use of up

   forblāwan ― to blow up, inflate

   forbrecan ― to break up, break into pieces

   forstoppian ― to stop up, block, occlude

   forweoren ― decayed, decrepit

3. very

   forlȳtel ― very little

   foreald ― very old

使用する際の注意点

• This prefix was almost always unstressed, in both nouns and verbs.

派生語

派生した語

• Middle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-, ver-
  • English: for-
  • Scots: for-

語源

From 古期英語 for-, from Proto-West Germanic *fra-, from Proto-Germanic *fra-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-.

The 古期英語 prefix was reinforced by Proto-West Germanic *furi-, from Proto-Germanic *furi-; In 中期英語, this prefix is further reinforced by Old French for-, from Latin foris.

発音

• IPA: /fɔr-/

接頭辞

for-

1. Forms verbs meaning "far", "out" or with an intensive sense; for-.
2. Forms verbs denoting a failure or error; for-.
3. (no longer productive) Forms nouns with varying sense.

派生語

派生した語

• English: for-
• Scots: for-

参照

• “for-, pref.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “for-, pref.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.