fromとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 from (“from”), from 古期英語 from, fram (“forward, from”), from Proto-West Germanic *fram, from Proto-Germanic *fram (“forward, from, away”). Cognate with Old Saxon fram (“from”) and Old High German fram (“from”), Danish frem (“forth, forward”), Danish fra (“from”), Swedish fram (“forth, forward”), Swedish från (“from”), Norwegian Nynorsk fram (“forward”), Norwegian Nynorsk frå (“from”), Icelandic fram (“forward, on”), Icelandic frá (“from”), Albanian pre, prej. More at fro.

発音

• (stressed form)
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈfɹɒm/, [ˈfɹʷɒm]
  • (Standard Southern British) IPA: /ˈfɹɔm/, [ˈfɹʷɔm]
  • (Australia, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈfɹɔm/, [ˈfɹʷɔm]
  • (Australia, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈfɹɒm/, [ˈfɹʷɔ̟m]
  • (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˈfɹʌm/, [ˈfɹʷʌm]
  • (Scotland) IPA: /ˈfɾɔm/
  • (Wales) IPA: /ˈfɾɒm/
• (unstressed form)
  • (RP, SSB, 米国発音, Canada, Australia, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈfɹəm/, [ˈfɹʷəm] ~ [ˈfɹʷm̩]
  • (Scotland, Wales) IPA: /ˈfɾəm/
• 韻: -ɒm, -ʌm
• ハイフネーション: from

前置詞

from

1. Used to indicate source or provenance.

   Paul is from New Zealand.

   I got a letter from my brother.

   You can't get all your news from the Internet.

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

     Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. […]. Ikey the blacksmith had forged us a spearhead after a sketch from a picture of a Greek warrior; and a rake-handle served as a shaft.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     There were many wooden chairs for the bulk of his visitors, and two wicker armchairs with red cloth cushions for superior people. From the packing-cases had emerged some Indian clubs, […], and all these articles […] made a scattered and untidy decoration that Mrs. Clough assiduously dusted and greatly cherished.

   • 2013 June 29, “A punch in the gut”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, pages 72–3:

     Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.

2. Originating at (a year, time, etc.)

   This manuscript is from the 1980s.

3. Used to indicate a starting point or initial reference.

   He had books piled from floor to ceiling.

   He departed yesterday from Chicago.

   This figure has been changed from a one to a seven.

   Face away from the wall!

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter VIII, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     The humor of my proposition appealed more strongly to Miss Trevor than I had looked for, and from that time forward she became her old self again; for, even after she had conquered her love for the Celebrity, the mortification of having been jilted by him remained.

   1. Indicating a starting point in time.

      The working day runs from 9 am to 5 pm.

      Tickets are available from 17th July.

      The store will be open from nine in the morning, but I’ll be at home from Wed. evening (on).

   2. Indicating a starting point on a range or scale.

      Rate your pain from 1 to 10.

      Start counting from 1.

   3. Indicating a starting point on an array or gamut of conceptual variations.

      You can study anything from math to literature.

   4. With reference to the location or position of a speaker or other observer or vantage point.

      It's hard to tell from here.

      Try to see it from his point of view.

      The bomb went off just 100 yards from where they were standing.

      From the top of the lighthouse you can just see the mainland.

   5. (MLE) Indicates a starting state of the predicament of the subject. Synonym of since being.

      I’ve been doing this from pickney.

      • 2021 August 17, TStackz & Kapz, “BGB”‎, 1:01–1:03:

        I’ve been a bad boy from a little youth.

4. Indicating removal or separation.

   After twenty minutes, remove the cake from the oven.

   The general was ousted from power.

   He knuckled the sleep from his eyes.

   1. (mathematics, chiefly UK, not in formal use) Denoting a subtraction operation.

      20 from 31 leaves 11.

5. Indicating exclusion.

   She was barred from entering.

   A parasol protects from the sun.

6. Indicating differentiation.

   Your opinions differ from mine.

   He knows right from wrong.

   • 2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3:

     In plants, the ability to recognize self from nonself plays an important role in fertilization, because self-fertilization will result in less diverse offspring than fertilization with pollen from another individual.

7. Produced with or out of (a substance or material).

   It's made from pure gold.

8. Used to indicate causation; because of, as a result of.

   Too many people die from breast cancer.

同意語

• (with the source or provenance of or at): out of
• (subtraction): take away

反意語

• to

派生語

アナグラム

• -form, FORM, MoRF, form, form-

前置詞

from

1. alternative form of fram

形容詞

from (superlative frommast)

1. alternative form of fram

語形変化

語源

From 古期英語 from, fram and Old Norse frá, both from Proto-Germanic *fram.

前置詞

from

1. from

   Synonym: fra

   • c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 15–16:

     And specially from every shires ende / Of Engelond, to Caunterbury they wende,

     And specially from every shire's end / Of England they to Canterbury went,

派生した語

• English: from
  • → Scots: from, frome
• Yola: vrem, vreem, vream, vrim, vrom

参照

• “from, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.