whatとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /wɔt/
• (英国発音, General New Zealand) enPR: hwŏt, wŏt, IPA^(key): /ʍɒt/, /wɒt/
  • (in accents without the wine–whine merger)
• (NYC) enPR: wŏt, IPA^(key): /wɒt/
  • (wine–whine merged)
• 韻: -ɒt
• 異形同音異義語: Watt, watt, wot (all only in 英国用法, 豪州用法, New Zealand, New York City accents with the wine–whine merger)
• (Canada, 米国発音) enPR: hwŭt, wŭt, IPA^(key): (without wine–whine merger) /ʍʌt/, (with wine–whine merger) /wʌt/
  • (Canada, 米国発音, 弱勢) IPA^(key): (flapped) [wʌɾ], (glottalized) [wʌˀ]
  • (強勢, in accents without the wine–whine merger)
  • (強勢, in accents with the wine–whine merger)
  • (弱勢, flapped, whine-wine merged)
  • (弱勢, glottalized, whine-wine merged)
• 韻: -ʌt

代名詞

what

1. (interrogative) Which thing, event, circumstance, etc.: used interrogatively in asking for the specification of an identity, quantity, quality, etc.
   • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     The gym is across from … what? — The gym is across from the lounge. — Across from the lounge. Right. Thanks!

2. That which; those that; the thing that.

   He knows what he wants.

   What is amazing are his skills.

   Keep up with what your friends are doing.

3. (relative, nonstandard) That; which; who.
   • 1902, J. M. Barrie, The Admirable Crichton:

     That’s her; that’s the thing what has stole his heart from me.

   • 2017, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2:

     For, it is a name what strikes fear in the heart of anyone what hears it.

4. Whatever.

   I will do what I can to help you.

形容詞

what (not comparable)

1. Used before a noun phrase at the beginning of a sentence to form an exclamation. Indicates that something is remarkable in quality or degree.

   What nonsense!

   Wow! What a speech.

   What beautiful children you have.

   With what passion she sings!

使用する際の注意点

what and such are largely interchangeable, with a few exceptions:

• Nouns modified by such need not appear at the beginning of the sentence: She sings with such passion.
• such requires that the noun phrase it modifies be gradable in some way. Such a disaster! is acceptable because a disaster may be minor or major in degree, but Such a movie! is not (except with the unusual meaning that the movie under discussion has especially "movie-like" qualities).

how is another word used at the beginning of a sentence to form an exclamation (How quickly he ran!), but it modifies different syntactic elements (verbs, adjectives, adverbs, かつ certain determinatives).

同意語

• such

副詞

what (not comparable)

1. (usually followed by "with," but also sometimes "would" または "might," especially in finance) In some manner or degree; in part; partly. See also what with

   What with singing and joking, the time passed quickly.

   The market will calculate these higher risks in their funding costs what might result in higher lending rates.

   This leads to an uncertain situation for creditors what would negatively affect the willingness to provide credit.

2. (Singlish) Alternative form of wat (used to contradict an assumption)

間投詞

what

1. An expression of surprise or disbelief.
   • 1605 William Shakespeare, King Lear

     What, have his daughters brought him to this pass?

   What! That’s amazing.

2. What do you want? An abrupt, usually unfriendly enquiry as to what a person desires.

   What? I'm busy.

3. (Britain, colloquial, dated) Clipping of what do you say?
   • 1991 May 12, "Kidnapped!" Jeeves and Wooster, Series 2, Episode 5:

     Chuffy: WHAT? No, no, no, no, no. My casa is your casa, what?

   It’s a nice day, what?

4. What did you say? I beg your pardon?

別の表記

• wha

同意語

• (口語 British interjection): what-what, wot
• (what did you say?): come again, pardon; see also Thesaurus:say again

限定詞

what

1. Which one(s); which kind of.

   What shirt are you going to wear?

   What time is it?

   What kind of car is that?

2. (relative) Whatever

   Write down what things come into your mind.

名詞

what (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 whats)

1. (obsolete, uncountable) Something; thing; stuff.
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book VI, canto IX, stanza 7:

     They prayd him sit, and gave him for to feed / Such homely what as serves the simple clowne, / That doth despise the dainties of the towne […]

2. (countable) The identity of a thing, as an answer to a question of what.
   • 2005, Norman K. Denzin, Yvonna S. Lincoln, The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research (page 493)

     The emphasis on the interplay between the hows and whats of interpretive practice is paramount.

3. (countable) Something that is addressed by what, as opposed to a person, addressed by who.
   • 2012, "We Are Both", season 2, episode 2 of Once Upon a Time

     Regina: What are you?

     Rumplestiltskin: What? What? What? My, my, what a rude question! I am not a what.

派生語

アナグラム

• HAWT, Thaw, Wath, hawt, thaw, wath