someとは

語源

From Middle English some, sum, from 古期英語 sum (“some, a certain one”), from Proto-Germanic *sumaz (“some, a certain one”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one, whole”). Cognate Scots sum, some (“some”), North Frisian som, sam, säm (“some”), West Frisian sommige, somlike (“some”), Low German somige (“some”), Dutch sommige (“some”), German dialectal summige (“some”), Danish somme (“some”), Swedish somlig (“some”), Norwegian sum, som (“some”), Icelandic sumur (“some”), Gothic �������� (sums, “one, someone”). More at same.

別の表記

• som (廃れた用法)
• som' (方言)
• sum (AAVE)

発音

• (英国発音)
  • (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /sʌm/, [sɐm]
• (米国発音)
  • (General American) enPR: sŭm, IPA^(key): /sʌm/, [sɐm]
  • (General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /sɐm/, [säm]
  • Homophone: sum
  • 韻: -ʌm

代名詞

some

1. A certain number, at least one.
   • 2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18:

     Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.

   Some enjoy spicy food, others prefer it milder.

2. An indefinite quantity.

   Can I have some of them?

3. An indefinite amount, a part.

   please give me some of the cake;  everyone is wrong some of the time

同意語

• (an indefinite quantity): a few

反意語

• many
• much
• none

限定詞

some

1. A certain proportion of, at least one.

   Some people like camping.

   • 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

     Since the launch early last year of […] two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.

   • 2006, Charles H Lippy, Faith in America [Three Volumes] [3 Volumes]: Changes, Challenges, New Directions, Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 73:

     Many people, especially some evangelical Christians, have been less than optimistic about the Potter influence.

2. An unspecified quantity or number of.

   Would you like some grapes?

   • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 4, in The Celebrity:

     The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on an afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track. […] Their example was followed by others at a time when the master of Mohair was superintending in person the docking of some two-year-olds, and equally invisible.

   • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 22, in The Mirror and the Lamp:

     In the autumn there was a row at some cement works about the unskilled labour men. A union had just been started for them and all but a few joined. One of these blacklegs was laid for by a picket and knocked out of time.

   • 2013 July-August, Sarah Glaz, “Ode to Prime Numbers”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:

     Some poems, echoing the purpose of early poetic treatises on scientific principles, attempt to elucidate the mathematical concepts that underlie prime numbers. Others play with primes’ cultural associations. Still others derive their structure from mathematical patterns involving primes.

3. An unspecified amount of (something uncountable).

   Would you like some water?

   • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 10, in The Mirror and the Lamp:

     It was a joy to snatch some brief respite, and find himself in the rectory drawing–room. Listening here was as pleasant as talking; just to watch was pleasant. The young priests who lived here wore cassocks and birettas; their faces were fine and mild, yet really strong, like the rector's face; and in their intercourse with him and his wife they seemed to be brothers.

   After some persuasion, he finally agreed.

4. A certain, an unspecified or unknown.

   I've just met some guy who said he knew you.

   The sequence S converges to zero for some initial value v.

   • 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 4, in A Cuckoo in the Nest‎^[1]:

     By some paradoxical evolution rancour and intolerance have been established in the vanguard of primitive Christianity. Mrs. Spoker, in common with many of the stricter disciples of righteousness, was as inclement in demeanour as she was cadaverous in aspect.

   • 2013 June 14, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama's once hip brand is now tainted”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, page 18:

     Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet. Perhaps we assume that our name, address and search preferences will be viewed by some unseen pair of corporate eyes, probably not human, and don't mind that much.

5. A considerable quantity or number of; approximately.

   He had edited the paper for some years.

   • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 2, in The Celebrity:

     We drove back to the office with some concern on my part at the prospect of so large a case. Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. He was dressed out in broad gaiters and bright tweeds, like an English tourist, and his face might have belonged to Dagon, idol of the Philistines.

7. (informal) A remarkable.

   He is some acrobat!

同意語

反意語

• many
• much
• no

派生語

副詞

some (not comparable)

1. Of a measurement: approximately, roughly

   I guess he must have weighed some 90 kilos.

   Some 30,000 spectators witnessed the feat.

   Some 4,000 acres of land were flooded.

Further reading

• some at OneLook Dictionary Search
• some in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

アナグラム

• 'omes, Meos, OEMs, emos, meso-

接尾辞

-some

1. Characterized by some specific condition or quality.
   • 2012, Tom Sandham, World's Best Cocktails:

     Elsewhere the blingsome silver-beveled mirrors, butterfly and lotus blossom motifs, and the occasional chaise longue make the opulence a touch on the show-off side for me, but the expenses were obviously 5-star and it's undoubtedly bespoke.

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English -some, from a specialized use of 古期英語 sum (“some, one”) coming after a genitive plural (e.g. hē wæs fēowertiga sum --"he was one of forty", literally "he was forties' some[one]"; sixa sum --"one of six, sixsome").

接尾辞

-some

1. Used to form a word indicating a group with a certain small number of members

派生語

語源 3

From Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

接尾辞

-some

2. a body

派生語

関連する語

• prosoma
• soma

参考

• -ome

語源 4

From previous sense “body” (from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”)), by analogy with chromosome.

接尾辞

-some

1. a chromosome

派生語

語源 5

From some in its "approximately" sense; more at some § Etymology.

接尾辞

-some

1. Plus some indeterminate fraction not amounting to the next higher round number or significant digit; and change; -odd.

   twenty-some identifiable factors affecting the outcome

   one-hundred-and-fifty-some spectators in the bleachers

アナグラム

• 'omes, Meos, OEMs, emos, meso-