someとは意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• som (廃れた用法)
• som' (方言)
• sum (AAVE)

発音

• (英国発音)
  • (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /sʌm/, [sɐm]
  • (Northern British English) IPA^(key): /sʊm/
  • IPA^(key): /səm/ (弱勢)
• (米国発音)
  • (General American) enPR: sŭm, IPA^(key): /sʌm/, [sɐm]
• (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA^(key): /sɐm/, [säm]
• Homophone: sum
• 韻: -ʌm

代名詞

some

1. A certain number, at least two.

   Some enjoy spicy food, others prefer it milder.

   • 2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18:

     Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.

2. An indefinite quantity.

   Can I have some of them?

3. An indefinite amount, a part.

   Please give me some of the cake.

   Everyone is wrong some of the time.

同意語

• (an indefinite quantity): a few

反意語

• many
• much
• none

限定詞

some

1. A certain proportion of, at least two.

   Some people like camping.

   • 2006, Charles H Lippy, Faith in America [Three Volumes] [3 Volumes]: Changes, Challenges, New Directions, Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 73:

     Many people, especially some evangelical Christians, have been less than optimistic about the Potter influence.

   • 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

     Since the launch early last year of […] two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.

2. An unspecified quantity or number of.

   Would you like some grapes?

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698, pages 58–59:

     The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track. […] Their example was followed by others at a time when the master of Mohair was superintending in person the docking of some two-year-olds, and equally invisible.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLIV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071, page 364:

     In the autumn there was a row at some cement works about the unskilled labour men. A union had just been started for them and all but a few joined. One of these blacklegs was laid for by a picket and knocked out of time.

   • 2013 July-August, Sarah Glaz, “Ode to Prime Numbers”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:

     Some poems, echoing the purpose of early poetic treatises on scientific principles, attempt to elucidate the mathematical concepts that underlie prime numbers. Others play with primes’ cultural associations. Still others derive their structure from mathematical patterns involving primes.

3. An unspecified amount of (something uncountable).

   Would you like some water?

   After some persuasion, he finally agreed.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071, pages 130–131:

     It was a joy to snatch some brief respite, jump upon a tram, and find himself in the rectory drawing–room. Listening here was as pleasant as talking; just to watch was pleasant. The young priests who lived here wore cassocks and birettas; their faces were fine and mild, yet really strong, like the rector's face; and in their intercourse with him and his wife they seemed to be brothers.

4. A certain, an unspecified or unknown.

   I've just met some guy who said he knew you.

   The sequence S converges to zero for some initial value v.

   • 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 4, in A Cuckoo in the Nest‎^[1]:

     By some paradoxical evolution rancour and intolerance have been established in the vanguard of primitive Christianity. Mrs. Spoker, in common with many of the stricter disciples of righteousness, was as inclement in demeanour as she was cadaverous in aspect.

   • 2013 June 14, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama's once hip brand is now tainted”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, page 18:

     Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet. Perhaps we assume that our name, address and search preferences will be viewed by some unseen pair of corporate eyes, probably not human, and don't mind that much.

5. A considerable quantity or number of.

   He had edited the paper for some years.

   He stopped working some time ago.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698, page 15:

     We drove back to the office with some concern on my part at the prospect of so large a case. Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. He was dressed out in broad gaiters and bright tweeds, like an English tourist, and his face might have belonged to Dagon, idol of the Philistines.

6. approximately, about (with a number).

   She had been employed at that company for some five years now.

   There were only some three or four cars in the lot at the time.

8. (informal) A remarkable.

   He is some acrobat!

同意語

反意語

• many
• much
• no

派生語

副詞

some (not comparable)

1. Of a measurement: approximately, roughly.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:approximately

   I guess he must have weighed some 90 kilos.

   Some 30,000 spectators witnessed the feat.

   Some 4,000 acres of land were flooded.

2. (dialect) To a certain extent, or for a certain period.
   • 2014, C. R. Scott, Invisible War: Attack the Covenant

     They walked some and talked some.

参考

• Thesaurus:quantifier

Further reading

• some at OneLook Dictionary Search
• some in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

アナグラム

• 'omes, Meos, OEMs, emos, meso-

発音

• enPR: sŭm, IPA^(key): /sʌm/
• ハイフネーション: some

接尾辞

-some

1. (forms adjectives from nouns または adjectives) Characterized by some specific condition or quality, usually to a considerable degree.
   • 2012, Tom Sandham, World's Best Cocktails:

     Elsewhere the blingsome silver-beveled mirrors, butterfly and lotus blossom motifs, and the occasional chaise longue make the opulence a touch on the show-off side for me, but the expenses were obviously 5-star and it's undoubtedly bespoke.

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English -som, from a specialized use of 古期英語 sum (“some, one”) coming after a genitive plural (e.g. hē wæs fēowertiga sum --"he was one of forty", literally "he was forties' some[one]"; sixa sum --"one of six, sixsome").

発音

• enPR: sŭm, IPA^(key): /sʌm/
• ハイフネーション: some

接尾辞

-some

1. (forms nouns from numerals) Denoting a group with a certain small number of members.

派生語

語源 3

From Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

発音

• enPR: sōm, IPA^(key): /soʊm/
• ハイフネーション: some

接尾辞

-some

2. (noun combining form) Body.

派生語

関連する語

• prosoma
• soma

参考

• -ome

語源 4

From previous sense “body” (from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”)), by analogy with chromosome.

発音

• enPR: sōm, IPA^(key): /soʊm/
• ハイフネーション: some

接尾辞

-some

1. (noun combining form) Chromosome.

派生語

語源 5

From some in its "approximately" sense; more at some § Etymology.

発音

• enPR: sŭm, IPA^(key): /sʌm/
• ハイフネーション: some

接尾辞

-some

1. Plus some indeterminate fraction not amounting to the next higher round number or significant digit; and change; -odd.

   twenty-some identifiable factors affecting the outcome

   one-hundred-and-fifty-some spectators in the bleachers