butとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (強勢, 英国発音) IPA^(key): /bʌt/, [bɐt], enPR: bŭt
• (強勢, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /bʌt/, enPR: bŭt
• (強勢, Scotland, Ireland) IPA^(key): /bʊt/
• (強勢, Northern England) IPA^(key): /bʊt/
• (Ireland) IPA^(key): [bɞθ̠]
• (弱勢) IPA^(key): /bət/, enPR: bət
• 韻: -ʌt
• Homophone: butt

前置詞

but

1. Apart from, except (for), excluding.

   Synonyms: barring, except for, save for; see also Thesaurus:except

   Everyone but Father left early.

   I like everything but that.

   Nobody answered the door when I knocked, so I had no choice but to leave.

   • 2011 October 23, Becky Ashton, “QPR 1-0 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:

     Luiz struggled with the movement of Helguson in the box, as he collected a long ball and the Spaniard barged him over, leaving referee Chris Foy little option but to point to the spot.

2. (obsolete outside Scotland) Outside of.

   Away but the hoose and tell me whae's there.

副詞

but (not comparable)

1. (chiefly literary or poetic) Merely, only, just.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:merely

   Christmas comes but once a year.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 2 Kings 7:4:

     If they kill us, we shall but die.

   • 1791, Robert Burns, "Ae Fond Kiss":

     For to see her was to love her,
     Love but her, and love for ever.

   • 1900, L. Frank Baum, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz:

     Now the Wicked Witch of the West had but one eye, yet that was as powerful as a telescope, and could see everywhere.

   • 1977, Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace, New York Review Books, 2006, p.49:

     The stony outcrops are often covered but thinly with arable soil; winters are bitingly cold, and rainfall scanty and unpredictable.

   • 1990, Claude de Bèze, 1688 revolution in Siam: the memoir of Father de Bèze, s.j, translated by E. W. Hutchinson, University Press, page 153:

     May the Protector of the Buddhist Faith grant me but seven more days grace of life to be quit of this disloyal couple, father and son.

2. (Australia, Tyneside, conjunctive) Though, however.

   Synonyms: even so, nevertheless, notwithstanding, yet; see also Thesaurus:nevertheless

   • 1906, Steele Rudd, Back At Our Selection, page 161:

     "Supposin' the chap ain't dead, but?" Regan persisted.

   I'll have to go home early but.

3. Used as an intensifier.

   Nobody, but nobody, crosses me and gets away with it.

   • 2013 Nora Roberts, Irish Thoroughbred p. 25 (Little, Brown) →ISBN

     "Jakers, but we worked." With a long breath she shut her eyes. "But it was too much for one woman and a half-grown girl […] "

接続詞

but

1. On the contrary, rather (as a regular adversative conjunction, introducing a word または clause in contrast または contradiction with the preceding negative clause または sentence).

   I am not rich but [I am] poor.  Not John but Peter went there.

2. However, although, nevertheless, on the other hand (introducing a clause contrary to prior belief または in contrast with the preceding clause または sentence).

   She is very old but still attractive.

   You told me I could do that, but she said that I could not.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume IV, London: A[ndrew] Millar […], OCLC 928184292, book X:

     In reality, I apprehend every amorous widow on the stage would run the hazard of being condemned as a servile imitation of Dido, but that happily very few of our play-house critics understand enough of Latin to read Virgil.

   • 2013 July 19, Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children's brains”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 34:

     Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits.
     Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.

   • 2013 June 29, “Travels and travails”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 55:

     Even without hovering drones, a lurking assassin, a thumping score and a denouement, the real-life story of Edward Snowden, a rogue spy on the run, could be straight out of the cinema. But, as with Hollywood, the subplots and exotic locations may distract from the real message: America’s discomfort and its foes’ glee.

3. Except that (introducing a subordinate clause which qualifies a negative statement); also, with omission of the subject of the subordinate clause, acting as a negative relative, "except one that", "except such that".

   I cannot but feel offended.

   • 1599, William Shakespeare, Henry V, Act IV scene iii:

     And Crispin Crispian shall ne’er go by,

     From this day to the ending of the world,

     But we in it shall be rememberèd—

   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 15, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:

     There is no reason but hath another contrary unto it, saith the wisest party of Philosophers.

   • c. 1603–1604, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iv]:

     And but my noble Moor is true of mind
     […] it were enough to put him to ill thinking.

   • 1819, John Keats, “Lamia”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, OCLC 927360557, part II, page 43:

     A deadly silence step by step increased,
     Until it seem'd a horrid presence there,
     And not a man but felt the terror in his hair.

4. (archaic) Without its also being the case that; unless that (introducing a necessary concomitant).

   It never rains but it pours.

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto VI:

     No arboret with painted blossomes drest, / And smelling sweet, but there it might be found […]

   • c. 1599–1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:

     For there is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so

5. (obsolete) Except with; unless with; without.
   • 1639, Thomas Fuller, “Unseasonable Discords betwixt King Baldwine and His Mother; Her Strength in Yeelding to Her Sonne”, in The Historie of the Holy Warre, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck, one of the printers to the Universitie of Cambridge [and sold by John Williams, London], OCLC 913016526, book II, page 84:

     This man unable to manage his own happineſſe, grew ſo inſolent that he could not go, but either ſpurning his equals, or trampling on his inferiours.

6. (obsolete) Only; solely; merely.
   • 1641 May, John Milton, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England: And the Cavvses that hitherto have Hindred it; republished as Will Taliaferro Hale, editor, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England (Yale Studies in English; LIV), New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1916, OCLC 260112239:

     Observe but how their own principles combat one another.

   • 1717, John Dryden [et al.], “(please specify |book=I to XV)”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 731548838:

     a formidable man but to his friends

7. (obsolete) Until.
   • c. 1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, かつ the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     'Tshall not be long but I'll be here again.

8. (obsolete, following a negated expression of improbability) That. [16th–19th c.]
   • 1784, Joshua Reynolds, in John Ingamells, John Edgcumbe (eds.), The Letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Yale 2000, p. 131:

     It is not impossible but next year I may have the honour of waiting on your Lordship at St. Asaph, If I go to Ireland I certainly will go that way.

   • 1789, John Moore, Zeluco, Valancourt 2008, p. 132:

     “I am convinced, if you were to press this matter earnestly upon her, she would consent.”
     “It is not impossible but she might,” said Madame de Seidlits […] .

   • 1813, Journal of Natural Philosophy, July:

     It is not improbable but future observations will add Pliny's Well to the class of irregular reciprocators.

使用する際の注意点

• Beginning a sentence with a coordinating conjunction such as but is considered incorrect by classical grammarians who claim that a coordinating conjunction at the start of a sentence has nothing to connect. The use of the word in this way is very common, however; and it may be argued that the connection is with the preceding context. Nevertheless, it is best to avoid beginning a sentence with but in formal writing. Combining sentences or using however, nevertheless, still, or though (which are adverbs rather than conjunctions) is more appropriate for the formal style.

  But this tool has its uses.

  • • This tool has its uses, however.
    • Nevertheless, this tool has its uses.
    • Still, this tool has its uses.
    • This tool still has its uses.
    • This tool has its uses, though.

同意語

• abbur (Chester)
• (except): bar, unless, excepting, excluding, with the exception of, without
• (however): yet, although, ac

名詞

but (複数形 buts)

1. An instance or example of using the word "but".

   It has to be done – no ifs or buts.

2. (Scotland) The outer room of a small two-room cottage.
3. A limit; a boundary.
4. The end; especially the larger or thicker end, or the blunt, in distinction from the sharp, end; the butt.

動詞

but (三人称単数 現在形 buts, 現在分詞 butting, 過去形および過去分詞形 butted)

1. (archaic) Use the word "but".

   But me no buts.

派生語

参照

• but at OneLook Dictionary Search
• but in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

アナグラム

• BTU, TBU, tub

接頭辞

but-

1. (organic chemistry) Denotes the presence of four carbon atoms in the parent chain when forming names of organic compounds.

派生語

• butane
• butanol
• butyl

アナグラム

• BTU, TBU, tub