support.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /səˈpɔːt/, [səˈpʰɔːt]
• (General American) IPA: /səˈpɔɹt/, [səˈpʰɔɹt], [səˈpʰoɹt]
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA: /səˈpo(ː)ɹt/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA: /səˈpoət/
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)t
• ハイフネーション: sup‧port

語源 1

From 中期英語 supporten, from Old French supporter, from Latin supportō.

動詞

support (third-person singular simple present supports, present participle supporting, simple past and past participle supported)

1. (transitive) To help keep from falling.

   Synonyms: bear, bestand, hold up, stut, undergird, underprop, upbear, upgird, uphold, take

   Don’t move that beam! It supports the whole platform.

   He staggered away from the accident site, supported by one friend on each side.

   • 1995, Nancy Berliner, Sarah Handler, Friends of the House‎, →ISBN, page 79:

     There is a soft-mat seat (which originally had a palm fiber underwebbing) supported by three curved transverse braces.

   • 2000, Field & Stream, volume 105, number 6, page 87:

     One of the keys to glassing effectively is supporting your binoculars. Advanced glassers who scan lots of country for long periods of time, or who use binoculars of 10X power or more, often use a lightweight camera tripod […]

2. (transitive) To back or favor a cause, party, etc., mentally or with concrete aid:

   Synonym: adhere

   Antonym: oppose

   I support France in the World Cup.

3. (transitive) To provide sustenance or maintenance for; to sustain in integrity or livelihood.

   Mars does not currently support human habitation.

   • 1755 April 15, Samuel Johnson, “Oats”, in A Dictionary of the English Language: […], volume II (L–Z), London: […] J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton;  […], →OCLC, column 1:

     A grain, which in England is generally given to horſes, but which in Scotland ſupports the people.

4. (transitive) To help, particularly financially; to subsidize.

   The government supports the arts in several ways.

   • 2020 April 14, “Beaten into a Coma for My Faith, Recovered Without Medical Treatment”, in Minghui‎:

     I said I shouldn’t support anything that deceives people.

   • 2023 August 2, Ben Tinker, Meg Tirrell and Brenda Goodman, “New director named at National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases after Fauci’s retirement”, in CNN‎:

     The NIAID supports projects at universities and research organizations around the United States as well as a network of 21 NIAID labs across the country.

5. (transitive) To provide evidence for; to lend credibility to.

   Synonyms: attest, corroborate, establish, substantiate, sustain, verify

   The testimony is not sufficient to support the charges.

   The evidence will not support the statements or allegations.

   • 1754, Jonathan Edwards, The Freedom of the Will:

     to urge such arguments, as though they were sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral philosophy

6. (transitive) To serve, as in a customer-oriented position; to give support to.

   The IT Department supports the research organization, but not the sales force.

7. (transitive) To assist or be involved with, but not be responsible for.

   I support the administrative activities of the executive branch of the organization.

   I don't make decisions, but I support those who do.

8. (transitive) To answer questions and resolve problems regarding something sold.

   Sure they sell the product, but do they support it?

9. (transitive, said of electronic devices, programming languages, etc.) To be designed to provide capacity for; to work or be compatible with (a part, accessory, file type, program, algorithm, etc.).

   Synonyms: accommodate, enable, play, run

   Early personal computers did not support voice-recognition hardware or software.

10. (transitive, archaic) To endure without being overcome; bear; undergo; tolerate.
    • 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):

      This fierce demeanour and his insolence / The patience of a god could not support.

    • 1881, Robert Louis Stevenson, Virginibus Puerisque:

      For a strong affection such moments are worth supporting, and they will end well; for your advocate is in your lover's heart and speaks her own language […]

11. (transitive) To play a lesser part in the same production with (a star performer).

    to support the character of King Lear

    And the award for best supporting actress goes to...

Conjugation

派生語

• supportable
• supported
• supportive

語源 2

From 中期英語 support, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French support. Displaced 古期英語 wraþu.

名詞

support (countable and uncountable, plural supports)

1. (sometimes attributive) Something which supports.

   Don't move that beam! It's a support for the whole platform.

2. Financial or other help.

   The government provides support to the arts in several ways.

   • 2011 December 19, Kerry Brown, “Kim Jong-il obituary”, in The Guardian‎:

     Kim was educated at the newly founded university in Pyongyang, named after his father, graduating in 1964. The 1960s and early 1970s were the golden years for the DPRK. It undertook rapid industrialisation, economically outstripped its southern competitor, and enjoyed the support of both the People's Republic of China, and the Soviet Union.

   • 2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Normandy SR-2:

     Admiral Hackett: Hell of a thing you just pulled off, Commander. Curing the genophage? I never thought I'd see the day.
     Shepard: Wrex has agreed to help the turians, Admiral. We should get their full support.

3. Answers to questions and resolution of problems regarding something sold.

   Hyponyms: first-level support, second-level support, third-level support

   Sure they sell the product, but do they provide support?

4. (mathematics) in relation to a function, the set of points where the function is not zero; the closure of that set.

   Antonym: kernel

5. (fuzzy set theory) A set whose elements are at least partially included in a given fuzzy set (i.e., whose grade of membership in that fuzzy set is strictly greater than zero).

   If the membership function of a fuzzy set is continuous, then that fuzzy set's support is an open set.

6. (commutative algebra, of a module ${\displaystyle M}$ over a commutative ring ${\displaystyle R}$) The set of all prime ideals of ${\displaystyle R}$ such that the localization of ${\displaystyle M}$ at the prime is nonzero, denoted ${\displaystyle \operatorname {Supp} M}$
7. Evidence.

   The new research provides further support for our theory.

8. (computing) Compatibility and functionality for a given product or feature.

   This game has no mouse support.

9. An actor playing a subordinate part with a star.
10. An accompaniment in music.
11. (gymnastics) Clipping of support position.
    • 2008, Christopher Sommer, Building the Gymnastic Body, the Science of Gymnastic Strength Training, page 88:

      Dip down as far as you are able, aiming to descend to the bottom of your sternum. Press back up to a support.

12. (structural analysis) Horizontal, vertical or rotational support of structures: movable, hinged, fixed. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

下位語

• moral support
• (military): combat support

派生語