eat.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English eten, from 古期英語 etan (“to eat”), from Proto-West Germanic *etan, from Proto-Germanic *etaną (“to eat”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti, from *h₁ed- (“to eat”).

動詞

eat (third-person singular simple present eats, present participle eating, simple past ate or (dialectal) et or (廃れた用法) eat, past participle eaten or (dialectal) etten)

1. To ingest; to be ingested.
   1. (transitive, intransitive) To consume (something solid または semi-solid, usually food) by putting it into the mouth and swallowing it.

      He's eating an apple. / Don't disturb me now; can't you see that I'm eating?

      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 1 Corinthians 8:8, column 2:

        But meate commendeth vs not to God: for neither if we eate, are we the better: neither if wee eate not, are we the woꝛſe.

      • 1892, Walter Besant, chapter II, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], OCLC 16832619:

        At twilight in the summer there is never anybody to fear—man, woman, or cat—in the chambers and at that hour the mice come out. They do not eat parchment or foolscap or red tape, but they eat the luncheon crumbs.

      • 1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:

        But Richmond […] appeared to lose himself in his own reflections. Some pickled crab, which he had not touched, had been removed with a damson pie; and his sister saw […] that he had eaten no more than a spoonful of that either.

      • 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, OCLC 246633669, PC, scene: Noveria:

        Shepard: Everyone on this station is chafing under Anoleis' extortion. You might end up a hero.
        Lorik Qui'in: My employers rely on the goodwill of the Executive Board to work here.
        Wrex If these "executives" don't blame Anoleis for provoking this, they're fools. You should eat them.

   3. (intransitive) To consume a meal.

      What time do we eat this evening?

      • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

        I eat in the kitchen.

   4. (intransitive, ergative) To be eaten.

      It's a soup that eats like a meal.

      • 1852, The New Monthly Magazine (page 310)

        I don't know any quarter in England where you get such undeniable mutton—mutton that eats like mutton, instead of the nasty watery, stringy, turnipy stuff, neither mutton nor lamb, that other countries are inundated with.

      • 1863, J[oseph] Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Church-yard. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Tinsley, Brothers, […], OCLC 18952474:

        […] dish him [the fish] with slices of oranges, barberries, grapes, gooseberries, and butter; and you will find that he eats deliriously either with farced pain or gammon pain.

   5. (copulative, intransitive) To have a particular quality of diet; to be well-fed or underfed (typically as "eat healthy" または "eat good").
2. To use up.
   1. (transitive, often with up) To destroy, consume, or use up.

      This project is eating up all the money.

      • 1857–1859, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century, volume (please specify |volume=I または II), London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1858–1859, OCLC 1061908157:

        His wretched estate is eaten up with mortgages.

   2. (transitive, programming, informal) To consume (an exception, an event, etc.) so that other parts of the program do not receive it.
      • 2005, Wallace B. McClure, Gregory A. Beamer, John J. Croft IV, Professional ADO.NET 2 (page 246)

        A bigger problem, however, is that if you catch/eat an exception and do nothing with it, you are very likely introducing subtle bugs in your application that will be next to impossible to track down.

   3. (transitive, informal, of a device) To damage, destroy, or fail to eject a removable part or an inserted object.

      The VHS recorder just ate the tape and won't spit it out.

      John is late for the meeting because the photocopier ate his report.

      • 1991, Shane Black, The Last Boy Scout (movie)

        No! There's a problem with the cassette player. Don't press fast forward or it eats the tape!

   4. (transitive, informal, of a vending machine または similar device) To consume money (または other instruments of value, such as a token) deposited or inserted by a user, while failing to either provide the intended product or service or return the payment.

      The video game in the corner just ate my quarter.

      • 1977, Nancy Dowd, Slap Shot (movie)

        Hey! This stupid [soda vending] machine ate my quarter.

3. (transitive, informal) To cause (someone) to worry.

   What's eating you?

4. (transitive, business) To take the loss in a transaction.
   • 1988, George Gallo, Midnight Run (movie)

     I have to have him in court tomorrow, if he doesn't show up, I forfeit the bond and I have to eat the $300,000.

   • 1999, Ronald S. Beitman, Liquor Liability: A Primer for Winning Your Case, page 27:

     The server made an error when taking the order. The bartender prepared two scorpion bowls. When the error was realized the bartender was faced with having to "eat" the extra scorpion bowl […]

   • 2011, Lorenzo Carver, Venture Capital Valuation:

     When they were doing it with the valuation professionals, they were billing the client, but the valuation professional in a lot of those early cases had to eat the cost of showing the auditor how the auditors' test model was incorrect.

5. (transitive, slang) To be injured or killed by (something such as a firearm または its projectile), especially in the mouth.
   • 1944, William Faulkner, Leigh Brackett, Jules Furthman, The Big Sleep (screenplay)

     I risk my whole future, the hatred of the cops and Eddie Mars' gang. I dodge bullets and eat saps.

   • 1991, Stephen King, Needful Things:

     And, of course, there was Brian Rusk, who had eaten a bullet at the ripe old age of eleven.

   • 1997, A. A. Gill, "Diary" (in The Spectator, 1 November 1997):

     Friends are only necessary in the ghastly country, where you have to have them, along with rubber boots and a barometer and secateurs, to put off bucolic idiocy, a wet brain, or eating the 12-bore.

   • 2012, Kaya McLaren, How I Came to Sparkle Again: A Novel, St. Martin's Press, →ISBN:

     Mike had been to other calls where someone had eaten a gun. He knew to expect teeth embedded in the ceiling and brains dripping off it.

   • 2017, Edward W. Robertson, Stardust, Edward W. Robertson:

     The animal was sweating and scared and MacAdams was surprised when they finished up without either of them eating a kick.

   • 2018, Daniel Tomazic, Of Bullies and Men: Young Adult Fiction, →ISBN, page 18:

     There was a resounding smacking noise and Georgy was sure Philip had just eaten a fist.

6. (transitive, intransitive) To corrode or erode.

   The acid rain ate away the statue.  The strong acid eats through the metal.

7. (transitive, slang) To perform oral sex (on a person または body part).

   Eat me!

   I ate his ass.

   Yeah, eat that dick / eat that pussy.

8. (stative, slang) To be very good; to rule; to rock.

   You ate that performance!

Conjugation

同意語

• (consume): consume, swallow; see also Thesaurus:eat
• (cause to worry): bother, disturb, worry
• (eat a meal): dine, breakfast, chow down, feed one's face, have one's breakfast/lunch/dinner/supper/tea, lunch
• (perform oral sex on (a person)): eat out; see also Thesaurus:oral sex

派生語

関連する語

• fret
• ort

参考

• drink
• edible
• food

語源 2

From Middle English ete, ate, æte, from 古期英語 ǣt (“food, eating”), from Proto-West Germanic *āt, from Proto-Germanic *ētą (“food, thing to eat”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Cognate with North Frisian ad, it (“food”), German Aas (“carrion”), Norwegian åt, Icelandic át (“food”).

名詞

eat (複数形 eats)

1. (colloquial) Something to be eaten; a meal; a food item.
   • 2011, William Chitty, Nigel Barker, Michael Valos, Integrated Marketing Communications (page 167)

     Eating a Picnic creates a flurry of wafer pieces, flying peanuts and chocolate crumbs. […] As well as being messy, Picnic happens to be a big eat – something of a consumption challenge in fact.

アナグラム

• -ate, AET, Até, Atë, ETA, TEA, Tea, a.e.t., aet, ate, eta, tea, æt.

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈe.at/, [ˈeät̪]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈe.at/, [ˈɛːät̪]

動詞

eat

1. third-person singular present active subjunctive of eō