PLACEとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• pleace (some English dialects: 18th–19th centuries; Scots: until the 17th century)

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American, Standard Canadian) IPA: /ˈpleɪ̯s/, [ˈpʰl̥eɪ̯s]
  • • (米国発音, Canada, monophthongization) IPA: /ˈpleːs/, [ˈpʰl̥eːs]
• (Australia, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈplæ̝ɪ̯s/, [ˈpʰl̥æ̝ɪ̯s]
• 韻: -eɪs
• ハイフネーション: place
• Homophone: plaice

語源 1

From 中期英語 place, conflation of 古期英語 plæċe (“place, an open space, street”) and Old French place (“place, an open space”), both from Latin platēa (“plaza, wide street”), from Ancient Greek πλατεῖα (plateîa), shortening of πλατεῖα ὁδός (plateîa hodós, “broad way”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- (“to spread”), extended form of *pleh₂- (“flat”). Displaced native 古期英語 stōw, stede (partially), and -ern. Compare also English pleck (“plot of ground”), West Frisian plak (“place, spot, location”), Dutch plek (“place, spot, patch”). Doublet of piatza, piazza, platz, and plaza.

In the etymological chain from Latin platēa, note Old French place, which has multiple descendants — including German Platz, itself with many descendants (e.g., Russian плац (plac)). Also note a more distant chain node Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús), whence English Plato and English plate (via Latin).

名詞

place (countable and uncountable, plural places)

1. (physical) An area; somewhere within an area.
   1. An open space, particularly a city square, market square, or courtyard.
      • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:

        Ay, sir, the other squirrel was stolen from me by the hangman's boys in the market-place

   2. (often in street names or addresses) A street, sometimes but not always surrounding a public place, square, or plaza of the same name.

      They live at Westminster Place.

   3. An inhabited area: a village, town, or city.
   4. Any area of the earth: a region.

      He is going back to his native place on vacation.

      • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

        From another point of view, it was a place without a soul. The well-to-do had hearts of stone; the rich were brutally bumptious; the Press, the Municipality, all the public men, were ridiculously, vaingloriously self-satisfied.

   5. The area one occupies, particularly somewhere to sit.

      We asked the restaurant to give us a table with three places.

   6. The area where one lives: one's home, formerly (chiefly) country estates and farms.
      • 1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, chapter 2, in Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:

        My Lady Dedlock has been down at what she calls, in familiar conversation, her "place" in Lincolnshire.

      Do you want to come over to my place later?

   7. An area of the body, especially the skin.

      Which place hurts the most?

   8. (dated, colloquial, euphemistic) An area to urinate and defecate: an outhouse or lavatory.
      • 1901, John Stephen Farmer et al., Slang and Its Analogues Past and Present, volume V, page 220:

        Place,... (2) a jakes, or house of ease.

      • 1951, William Styron, chapter II, in Lie Down in Darkness, page 59:

        ‘I guess I'll take this opportunity to go to the place’...
        ‘She means the little girls room.’

   9. (obsolete) An area to fight: a battlefield or the contested ground in a battle.
2. A location or position in space.

   I'll check places I think she might be.

   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:

     In that same place thou hast appointed me,
     To-morrow truly will I meete with thee.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     What place can be for us / Within heaven's bound?

   • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

     When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose. And the queerer the cure for those ailings the bigger the attraction. A place like the Right Livers' Rest was bound to draw freaks, same as molasses draws flies.

   • 1935, George Goodchild, chapter 5, in Death on the Centre Court:

     By one o'clock the place was choc-a-bloc. […] The restaurant was packed, and the promenade between the two main courts and the subsidiary courts was thronged with healthy-looking youngish people, drawn to the Mecca of tennis from all parts of the country.

3. Proper or usual position.

   A place for everything, and everything in its place.

4. A particular location in a book or document, particularly the current location of a reader

   I lost my place when you interrupted me.

5. (obsolete) A passage or extract from a book or document.
6. (obsolete, rhetoric) A topic.
7. A state of mind.

   I'm in a strange place at the moment.

8. (chess, obsolete) A chess position; a square of the chessboard.
9. (social) A responsibility or position in an organization.
   1. A role or purpose; a station.

      It is really not my place to say what is right and wrong in this case.

      • c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:

        I know my place as I would they should do theirs.

      • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

        Escalus.Esc.I shall desire you, Sir, to giue me leaue
        To haue free speech with you; and it concernes me
        To looke into the bottome of my place :
        A powre I haue, but of what strength and nature,
        I am not yet instructed.

      • 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Great Place”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

        Men in great place are thrice servants.

      • 2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:

        The [Washington] Post's proprietor through those turbulent [Watergate] days, Katharine Graham, held a double place in Washington’s hierarchy: at once regal Georgetown hostess and scrappy newshound, ready to hold the establishment to account.

   2. The position as a member of a sports team.

      He lost his place in the national team.

10. The position of a contestant at the close of a competition.

    We thought we would win but only ended up in fourth place.

11. (horse racing) The position of first, second, or third at the finish, especially the second position.

    to win a bet on a horse for place

12. (obsolete) A fortified position: a fortress, citadel, or walled town.
13. Numerically, the column counting a certain quantity.

    three decimal places;  the hundreds place

14. Ordinal relation; position in the order of proceeding.

    That's what I said in the first place!

    • a. 1788, Mather Byles, quoted in The Life of James Otis by William Tudor

      In the first place, I do not understand politics; in the second place, you all do, every man and mother's son of you; in the third place, you have politics all the week, pray let one day in the seven be devoted to religion […]

15. Reception; effect, implying the making room for.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 8:37:

      My word hath no place in you.

同意語

• (market square): courtyard, piazza, plaza, square
• (somewhere to sit): seat
• (outhouse or lavatory): See Thesaurus:bathroom
• (location): location, position, situation, stead, stell, spot, locus (formal)
• (frame of mind): frame of mind, mindset, mood

下位語

派生語

派生した語

• Pijin: ples
• Tok Pisin: ples

語源 2

From 中期英語 placen, from the noun (see above).

動詞

place (third-person singular simple present places, present participle placing, simple past and past participle placed)

1. (transitive) To put (someone or something) in a specific location.

   Synonyms: lay, lay down, put down, set down, deposit, have, set

   He placed the glass on the table.

   to place someone on a pedestal

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto IIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 28, page 53:

     His life vvas nigh vnto deaths dore yplaſte, / And thred-bare cote, and cobled ſhoes hee vvare, […]

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter XIX, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

     Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic to shake it and fold it up again for him.

   • 2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 200:

     Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems— […]. Such a slow-release device containing angiogenic factors could be placed on the pia mater covering the cerebral cortex and tested in persons with senile dementia in long term studies.

2. (ergative) To earn a given spot in a competition; to rank at a certain position ((often followed by an ordinal)).

   The Cowboys placed third in the league.

   Run Ragged was placed fourth in the race.

   1. (intransitive, motor racing) To finish second, especially of horses or dogs.

      In the third race: Aces Up won, paying eight dollars; Blarney Stone placed, paying three dollars; and Cinnamon showed, paying five dollars.

3. (transitive) To remember where and when (an object or person) has been previously encountered.

   I've seen him before, but I can't quite place where.

4. (transitive) To vouch for someone's alibi.

   The librarian was placed at home by her neighbor at the time of the murder.

5. (transitive) To sing (a note) with the correct pitch.

   Synonym: reach

6. (transitive, in collocations) To make.
   • 2021, Alexander S. Vindman, “Impeachable Offense”, in Here, Right Matters: An American Story‎, HarperCollins, →ISBN:

     We were all focused intently on the triangular conference call speaker in the middle of the table. President Trump's communications team was placing a call to President Volodymyr Zelenksy of Ukraine, and we were here to listen.

   to place a call

   to place an order

   to place an ad in the newspaper

   to place a bid

   to place a bet

   to place a wager

7. (transitive) To bet.

   I placed ten dollars on the Lakers beating the Bulls.

8. (transitive) To recruit or match an appropriate person for a job, or a home for an animal for adoption, etc.

   They phoned hoping to place her in the management team.

   • 1980, Tsunoda Jun, “The Navy's Role in the Southern Strategy”, in Robert A. Scalapino, transl., edited by James William Morley, The Fateful Choice: Japan's Advance into Southeast Asia, 1939-1941‎, New York: Columbia University Press, sourced from "Nihon no tai-Bei kaisen (1940-nen–1941-nen)," Taiheiyō sensō e no michi, vol. 7, part I, sec. 1, pp. 16–28 and sec. 2, pp. 44–53, 65–88, 109–18., translation of original in Japanese, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 287:

     Designated as the core of the southern forces were: the 5th Division, which was recalled from northern French Indochina to Shanghai, placed under the direct control of Imperial Headquarters, and, on October 12, ordered to “train primarily for landing operations” (Imperial Headquarters Army Order 467); the Imperial Guard Division, which was ordered on October 22 to assemble at Shant’ou (Swatow); the 48th Division, reorganized on October 22 from the Taiwan Mixed Brigade and ordered to advance to Hainan island; and the 18th Division at Canton.

9. (sports, transitive) To place-kick (a goal).
10. (transitive) To assign (more or less value) to something.

    My workplace places a high premium on team spirit.

    She places little value on religion.